LTST-C281KSKT-5A SMD LED Takardar Bayani - Tsayin 0.35mm - 1.7-2.3V - 75mW - AlInGaP Rawaya - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfura

LTST-C281KSKT-5A LED ne na na'urar da ake haɗawa ta saman (SMD) wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani masu ƙarancin sarari. Yana cikin dangin ƙananan LED waɗanda aka ƙera musamman don tsare-tsaren haɗa allon da'ira (PCB) ta atomatik. Wannan ɓangaren ya dace da haɗawa cikin nau'ikan na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani da na masana'antu da yawa inda ake buƙatar nuni mai aminci, ƙanƙanta, da haske.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Ciki da Kasuwannin Manufa

Wannan LED yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da yawa waɗanda suka sa ya zama zaɓi na farko ga masu ƙira. Siffarsa ta farko ita ce siriri na musamman tare da tsayin kawai 0.35mm, wanda ke ba da damar amfani da shi a cikin na'urori masu siriri sosai. Yana amfani da guntu AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) mai haske sosai, wanda ke ba da ingantaccen haske da ingantaccen launi a cikin bakan rawaya. Na'urar ta cika ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa masu haɗari), wanda ya sa ta dace da kasuwannin duniya masu ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin muhalli. Fakitinsa a cikin tef na 8mm akan reels na inci 7 yana daidaitacce (EIA STD), yana tabbatar da dacewa da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa mai sauri. Bugu da ƙari, an ƙera shi don jure daidaitattun hanyoyin solder na IR reflow, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga layukan haɗawa na zamani na fasahar haɗawa ta saman (SMT).

Aikace-aikacen manufa sun bambanta, suna rufe kayan aikin sadarwa (misali, wayoyin mara igiya da wayoyin hannu), na'urori na sarrafa ofis (misali, kwamfutocin tebur, tsarin hanyoyin sadarwa), na'urorin gida, da alamun cikin gida. Amfanin aiki na musamman ya haɗa da hasken baya na maɓalli ko madannai, alamomin matsayi don wutar lantarki ko haɗin kai, haɗawa cikin ƙananan nuni, da hasken siginar ko alama gabaɗaya.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Maƙasudi

Aikin LTST-C281KSKT-5A an ayyana shi ta cikin cikakken saitin ma'auni na lantarki, na gani, da na zafi. Fahimtar waɗannan ƙayyadaddun yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira daidai da tabbatar da amincin dogon lokaci.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a nufin su don aiki na al'ada ba. Ga LTST-C281KSKT-5A a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C: matsakaicin yawan watsi da wutar lantarki yana 75mW; matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na DC shine 30mA; matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 80mA yana halatta kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms) don hana yin zafi sosai; matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya da za a iya amfani da shi shine 5V; kewayon zafin aiki daga -30°C zuwa +85°C; kuma kewayon zafin ajiya daga -40°C zuwa +85°C. Sanannen, na'urar na iya jure yanayin solder na infrared na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10, wanda ya yi daidai da bayanan reflow na gabaɗaya marasa gubar (Pb-free).

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na aiki na al'ada da aka auna a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C). Ƙarfin haske (Iv) ya bambanta daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 7.1 millicandelas (mcd) zuwa matsakaicin 45.0 mcd lokacin da aka kunna shi da ƙarfin wutar lantarki (IF) na 5mA. Na'urar tana da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi sosai (2θ1/2) na digiri 130, ma'ana tana fitar da haske a kan yanki mai faɗi, wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ganin kusurwa mai faɗi. Launinta na gani an ayyana shi ta hanyar tsinkayar da ta fi rinjaye (λd) tsakanin 587.0 nm da 594.5 nm, yana sanya shi ƙwarai a yankin rawaya na bakan gani. Tsinkayar fitarwa ta kololuwa (λp) yawanci 591.0 nm ne. A lantarki, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (VF) da ake buƙata don kunna 5mA ta LED yana tsakanin 1.7V da 2.3V. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya (IR) yana da ƙasa sosai, tare da matsakaicin microamperes 10 lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin baya na 5V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samar da yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa ƙungiyoyin aiki ko "kwantena" dangane da ma'auni masu mahimmanci. LTST-C281KSKT-5A yana amfani da tsarin rarrabuwa mai girma uku don ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (VF), ƙarfin haske (IV), da tsinkayar da ta fi rinjaye (Hue).

3.1 Matsayi na Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (VF)

Ana rarraba LED bisa ga raguwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba a gwajin gwaji na 5mA. Kwantena sune: E2 (1.70V zuwa 1.90V), E3 (1.90V zuwa 2.10V), da E4 (2.10V zuwa 2.30V). Ana amfani da jurewar ±0.1V ga kowane kwanti. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar masu tuƙi na yau da kullun ko tsinkayar raguwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikin tsararrun jerin.

3.2 Matsayi na Ƙarfin Hasken (IV)

Wannan kwanti yana ayyana fitarwa mai haske. Kwantena, wanda aka auna a mcd a 5mA, sune: K (7.1 zuwa 11.2), L (11.2 zuwa 18.0), M (18.0 zuwa 28.0), da N (28.0 zuwa 45.0). Ana amfani da jurewar ±15% ga kowane kwanti. Masu ƙira za su iya zaɓar takamaiman kwanti mai haske don biyan buƙatun gani na aikace-aikacensu, suna tabbatar da daidaito a cikin tsararrun LED da yawa.

3.3 Matsayi na Launi (Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsinkaya)

Wannan kwanti yana sarrafa daidaitaccen inuwar rawaya. Kwantena masu tsinkaya masu rinjaye sune: J (587.0 nm zuwa 589.5 nm), K (589.5 nm zuwa 592.0 nm), da L (592.0 nm zuwa 594.5 nm). Jurewar kowane kwanti shine ±1 nm. Zaɓin ƙaƙƙarfan kwanti mai launi yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da daidaiton launi ke da mahimmanci, kamar a cikin alamomin matsayi ko hasken baya inda dole ne LED da yawa su bayyana iri ɗaya.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Hoton hoto na halayen LED yana ba da zurfin fahimta game da aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban, wanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙira mai ƙarfi.

4.1 Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Lanƙwasa I-V yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta dace ba tsakanin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ke gudana ta LED da ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikinta. Don kayan AlInGaP da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan LED, lanƙwasa zai nuna halayen ƙarfin wutar lantarki na "gwiwa" a kusa da 1.8-2.0V, sama da wanda ƙarfin wutar lantarki ke ƙaruwa da sauri tare da ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Wannan yana jaddada mahimmancin amfani da hanyar iyakance ƙarfin wutar lantarki (resistor ko mai tuƙi na yau da kullun) maimakon tushen ƙarfin wutar lantarki don hana guduwar zafi da lalata na'urar.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Yawanci, alaƙar tana da layi a ƙananan ƙarfin wutar lantarki amma tana iya cika ko zama ƙasa da layi a manyan ƙarfin wutar lantarki saboda ƙaruwar zafin haɗin gwiwa da raguwar inganci. Yin aiki da LED a cikin kewayon ƙarfin wutar lantarki na DC da aka ƙayyade (har zuwa 30mA) yana tabbatar da ingantaccen inganci da tsawon rai.

4.3 Rarraba Bakan Hasken

Lanƙwasa fitarwa na bakan don LED Rawaya AlInGaP yana nuna ƙunƙuntaccen bandejin fitarwa, yawanci tare da rabin faɗin bakan (Δλ) na kusan 15 nm kamar yadda aka ƙayyade. Kololuwa zai kasance a kusa da 591 nm. Wannan ƙunƙuntaccen bandwidth yana haifar da cikakken, launin rawaya mai tsafta idan aka kwatanta da tushen bakan mai faɗi kamar LED fararen da aka canza su zuwa phosphor.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

Ginin jiki da girma suna da mahimmanci don shimfidar PCB da haɗawa.

5.1 Girman Fakitin da Gano Polarity

LED yana da daidaitaccen guntu na guntu LED. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da tsayin gabaɗaya, faɗi, da ƙananan tsayi mai mahimmanci na 0.35mm. Tashar cathode (maras kyau) yawanci ana gano ta ta hanyar alama akan fakitin, kamar kore, tsaga, ko ƙafar da ba ta da siffa. Takardar bayanin tana ba da cikakken zane mai girma tare da duk ma'auni masu mahimmanci a cikin milimita, gami da matsayin ƙafa, shimfidar ɓangaren, da girman ruwan tabarau. Dole ne masu ƙira su bi waɗannan girma don tsarin ƙasa na PCB (ƙafar ƙafa) don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da daidaitawa.

5.2 Ƙirar Ƙafar Haɗawa ta PCB da Ake Shawarta

An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa (shimfidar ƙafar solder) don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗin gwiwar solder yayin reflow. Wannan tsari yana lissafin samuwar fillet ɗin solder kuma yana hana matsaloli kamar kabari (inda ƙarshen yana ɗaga ƙafar). Ƙirar yawanci ta haɗa da haɗin kai na thermal idan ƙafar ta haɗu da babban jirgin tagulla, don sarrafa zafi yayin solder.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Daidaitaccen gudanarwa da haɗawa suna da mahimmanci ga yawan amfanin ƙasa da aminci.

6.1 Ma'auni na Solder na IR Reflow

Don hanyoyin marasa gubar (Pb-free), ana ba da shawarar takamaiman bayanin reflow. Matsakaicin zafin jiki bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba, kuma lokacin sama da 260°C ya kamata a iyakance ga matsakaicin dakika 10. Matakin pre-heat (yawanci 150-200°C) yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka zafin jiki a hankali da kunna flux, tare da matsakaicin lokacin pre-heat na dakika 120. Ya kamata a siffanta bayanin don takamaiman PCB, man solder, da tanda don tabbatar da cewa duk ɓangarorin an yi solder da kyau ba tare da lalacewa ba.

6.2 Yanayin Ajiya da Gudanarwa

LED suna da damuwa game da danshi (MSL2a). Lokacin da aka ajiye su a cikin jakar asali mai hana danshi tare da desiccant, ya kamata a ajiye su a ≤30°C da ≤90% danshi na dangi (RH) kuma a yi amfani da su cikin shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe jakar, yanayin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Ya kamata a yi wa ɓangarorin da aka fallasa zuwa iskar yanayi IR reflow cikin sa'o'i 672 (kwanaki 28). Idan wannan lokacin ya wuce, ana buƙatar yin gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin solder don cire danshin da aka sha da hana lalacewar "popcorning" yayin reflow.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi. Nitsar LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin zafi na al'ada na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana yarda. Muggan ko sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na filastik ko fakitin.

6.4 Takaici game da Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

LED yana da saukin lalacewa daga wutar lantarki da ƙaruwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Ana ba da shawarar gudanar da na'urar ta amfani da abin wuya na ƙasa ko safofin hannu masu hana wutar lantarki. Duk kayan aiki, gami da tashoshi na aiki da injina, dole ne a kafa su da kyau don hana abubuwan ESD.

7. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

Ana ba da LTST-C281KSKT-5A a cikin tsarin tef-da-reel wanda ya dace da haɗawa ta atomatik. Faɗin tef shine 8mm, an nannade shi akan daidaitaccen reel mai diamita inci 7 (178mm). Kowane reel yana ɗauke da guda 5000. Don ƙananan adadi, akwai mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 don ragowar. Ƙayyadaddun tef da reel sun yi daidai da ƙa'idodin ANSI/EIA 481, suna tabbatar da dacewa da tsarin ciyarwa na yau da kullun. Tef yana da murfi don kare ɓangarorin, kuma akwai ƙayyadaddun cewa ba za a iya samun aljihun ɓangarori biyu a jere ba.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

8.1 Da'irorin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Hanyar tuƙi da ta fi yawa ita ce resistor mai iyakancewa na jerin gwano wanda aka haɗa zuwa wadataccen wutar lantarki (Vcc). Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor (R) ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vcc - VF) / IF, inda VF shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED (yi amfani da matsakaicin ƙimar daga kwanti ko takardar bayani don ƙira mai ra'ayin mazan jiya) kuma IF shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba da ake so (misali, 5mA, 10mA, har zuwa 30mA matsakaicin). Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen haske ko aiki a kan kewayon ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai faɗi, ana ba da shawarar mai tuƙi na yau da kullun IC.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake raguwar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa (75mW matsakaicin), ingantaccen sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci har yanzu don kiyaye tsawon rai na LED da hana canjin launi. PCB da kanta tana aiki azaman mai sanyaya zafi. Haɗa ƙafar zafi na LED (idan akwai) zuwa isasshen yanki na tagulla akan PCB yana taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi. Guji yin aiki da LED a matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da zafin jiki lokaci guda na tsawon lokaci.

8.3 Abubuwan Ƙira na Gani

Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 yana sa wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar ganin haske daga kusurwoyi daban-daban ba tare da ƙarin masu watsawa ba. Don ƙarin hasken da aka jagoranta, ana iya amfani da ruwan tabarau na waje ko jagororin haske. Ruwan tabarau mai tsafta na wannan takamaiman samfurin yana ba da damar fitar da launin guntu na asali (rawaya) ba tare da tacewa ba.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambanci

LTST-C281KSKT-5A ya bambanta da kansa da farko ta hanyar siririnsa na musamman na 0.35mm, wanda ya fi siriri fiye da yawancin daidaitattun guntu LED (misali, fakitin 0603 ko 0805 waɗanda galibi suna da tsayi 0.6-0.8mm). Wannan yana sa ya zama manufa don sabon tsarin na'urorin hannu masu siriri da na sawa. Amfani da fasahar AlInGaP yana ba da inganci mafi girma da ingantaccen jikewa a cikin kewayon ja-amber-rawaya idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP. Dacewarsa tare da daidaitaccen IR reflow da fakitin tef-da-reel ya daidaita shi da manyan hanyoyin masana'antu na atomatik, yana ba da mafita mai tsada da aminci.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin tsinkayar da ta fi rinjaye da tsinkayar kololuwa?

Tsinkayar kololuwa (λp) ita ce tsinkaya guda ɗaya wacce bakan fitarwa yake da matsakaicin ƙarfinsa. Tsinkayar da ta fi rinjaye (λd) ƙima ce da aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE wanda ke wakiltar launin hasken da aka gane; ita ce tsinkaya guda ɗaya wacce za ta dace da jin launin fitarwar gauraye na LED. Don tushen launi ɗaya kamar wannan LED Rawaya AlInGaP, yawanci suna kusa sosai, amma λd shine mafi dacewa ma'auni don ƙayyadaddun launi.

10.2 Shin zan iya kunna wannan LED da wutar lantarki 3.3V ba tare da resistor ba?

A'a, ba a ba da shawarar wannan kuma yana iya lalata LED. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba shine kawai 1.7-2.3V. Yin amfani da 3.3V kai tsaye zai haifar da babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki mara sarrafawa (ya wuce matsakaicin 30mA), yana haifar da zafi nan da nan da gazawa. Koyaushe ana buƙatar resistor mai iyakancewa ko mai sarrafawa.

10.3 Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin rarrabuwa lokacin yin oda?

Lokacin sanya oda, kuna iya ƙayyade haɗin lambobin kwanti na VF, IV, da Hue don samun LED masu daidaitattun halaye. Misali, neman "E3, M, K" zai ba ku LED tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na 1.9-2.1V, ƙarfin haske na 18.0-28.0 mcd, da tsinkayar da ta fi rinjaye na 589.5-592.0 nm. Idan ba a ƙayyade kwanti ba, za ku karɓi sassa daga kwantena na samarwa na yau da kullun.

11. Ka'idojin Aiki

LTST-C281KSKT-5A tushen hasken semiconductor ne bisa tsarin kayan AlInGaP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce yuwuwar ginin diode, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yanki mai aiki na guntu semiconductor. Waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman makamashin bandgap na gami na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade tsawon tsinkaya na photons da aka fitar, wanda a wannan yanayin yana cikin yankin rawaya (~590 nm). Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai tsafta yana rufe guntu, yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, yana siffanta fitar da haske (faɗin kusurwa digiri 130), da haɓaka ingancin fitar da haske.

12. Trends na Masana'antu da Mahallin

Ci gaban LED kamar LTST-C281KSKT-5A yana motsa shi ta hanyar trends masu mahimmanci da yawa a cikin lantarki. Akwai ci gaba na turawa don ƙananan ƙira, yana buƙatar ɓangarori masu ƙananan ƙafafu da ƙananan bayyanar don ba da damar samfuran ƙarshe masu siriri. Ƙaruwar inganci da haske daga kayan semiconductor kamar AlInGaP yana ba da damar rage amfani da wutar lantarki da tsawon rai na baturi a cikin na'urori masu ɗaukuwa. Bugu da ƙari, karɓar masana'antu gabaɗaya na solder mara gubar da bin ka'idojin RoHS yana ba da umarnin ɓangarorin da za su iya jure mafi girman yanayin zafi na reflow kuma ba su da ƙuntata abubuwa. Daidaitaccen fakitin (tef-da-reel, ƙa'idodin EIA) yana goyan bayan babban masana'antu na atomatik, samar da yawa wanda ke ayyana samar da kayan lantarki na masu amfani na zamani.