LTW-C281DS5 Farin SMD LED Datasheet - Girman 2.8x1.0x0.35mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 2.55-3.15V - Ƙarfi 70mW - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakken bayanin fasaha don takamaiman samfurin na'urar haske mai hawa a saman (SMD LED). Samfurin wani farin LED ne mai haske mai ƙarfi da siririn gaske, wanda aka ƙera don tsarin haɗa na'urorin lantarki na zamani. Babban aikace-aikacensa ya haɗa da hasken baya, nuna halin aiki, da hasken gabaɗaya a cikin ƙananan na'urorin lantarki inda sarari da inganci suke da muhimmanci.

Babban fa'idodin wannan ɓangaren shine ƙaramin siffarsa, dacewa da injinan ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik, da kuma bin ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari) da ƙa'idodin samfuran kore. Kasuwar da aka yi niyya ta ƙunshi na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, na'urorin sadarwa, da kuma nau'ikan tsarin da ke buƙatar amintaccen hasken nuni mai ƙarancin tsayi.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙarfi

Matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfi yana bayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Waɗannan ba yanayi ba ne don aiki na yau da kullun.

• Rushewar Ƙarfi (Pd):70 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin ƙarfin da fakitin LED zai iya watsawa a matsayin zafi ba tare da raguwar aiki ko haifar da gazawa ba.
• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Gaba (I_FP):100 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba na lokaci-lokaci da aka yarda, yawanci ana ƙayyade shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms) don hana zafi mai yawa na haɗin semiconductor.
• DC Ƙarfin Gaba (I_F):20 mA. Wannan shine shawarar matsakaicin ci gaba da ƙarfin gaba don aiki mai dogon lokaci mai aminci.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya wanda ya wuce wannan ƙimar zai iya haifar da gazawar haɗin LED nan take kuma mai tsanani.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:Na'urar tana da ƙimar yanayin aiki na yanayi daga -30°C zuwa +80°C kuma ana iya adana ta a cikin yanayin zafi daga -55°C zuwa +105°C.
• Solder na Infrared Reflow:Bangaren zai iya jurewa matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10 yayin tsarin sayar da reflow.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na'ura

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na yanayin yanayi (T_a) na 25°C da ƙarfin gaba (I_F) na 5 mA, sai dai idan an lura daban.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 45.0 mcd zuwa matsakaicin matsakaici na 180.0 mcd. Wannan yana auna hasken da idon ɗan adam ya gane na LED, ta amfani da tacewa wanda ke kusantar lanƙwasa amsawar hotopic na CIE.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 130. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya rabi na ƙarfin da aka auna a digiri 0 (akan-axis). Faɗin kusurwar dubawa kamar wannan yana nuna tsarin fitarwa na Lambertian ko kusa da Lambertian, wanda ya dace da hasken yanki.
• Haɗin Haɗin Launi (x, y):Ƙimar al'ada sune x=0.294, y=0.286. Waɗannan haɗin gwiwar suna ayyana wurin launi na farin haske akan zanen launi na CIE 1931, yana nuna sanyin farin ko matsakaicin zafin launi na farin.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):Ya bambanta daga 2.55 V (ƙarami) zuwa 3.15 V (matsakaici) a 5 mA. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudanar da wutar lantarki. Ainihin ƙimar na takamaiman naúrar ya dogara da lambar kwandon sa.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya na 5V. Ƙarancin ƙarfin baya yana da kyau.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samar da yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon bisa mahimman ma'auni na aiki. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar abubuwan da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatu don launi, haske, da halayen lantarki.

3.1 Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (V_F) Binning

V_Fan rarraba shi zuwa kwandon shida (V1 zuwa V6), kowannensu yana da kewayon 0.1V daga 2.55V zuwa 3.15V a I_F= 5mA. Ana amfani da jurewar ±0.05V ga kowane kwandon. Zaɓin LED daga V ɗaya_Fkwandon yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye rarraba wutar lantarki iri ɗaya lokacin da aka haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya.

3.2 Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V) Binning

An jera ƙarfin haske zuwa kwandon uku (P, Q, R) tare da mafi ƙarancin ƙima na 45.0, 71.0, da 112.0 mcd bi da bi, duk a I_F= 5mA. Matsakaicin kwandon R shine 180.0 mcd. Ana amfani da jurewar ±15% ga kowane kwandon. Wannan binning yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitattun matakan haske a cikin LED da yawa.

3.3 Hue (Chromaticity) Binning

An ayyana wurin launi a cikin yankuna shida (S1 zuwa S6) akan zanen launi na CIE 1931. Kowane kwandon quadrilateral ne wanda aka ayyana ta takamaiman iyakokin haɗin gwiwa (x, y). Ana amfani da jurewar ±0.01 ga haɗin gwiwar. Wannan tsarin yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga hasken baya da aikace-aikacen haske na ado. Hoto da aka bayar yana taswirar waɗannan yankunan S1-S6 a zahiri.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lanƙwasa masu hoto a cikin takardar bayanai (misali, Hoto na 6 don kusurwar dubawa, Hoto na 1 don launi), ana iya bayyana halayensu na al'ada bisa ga ka'idodin LED na yau da kullun.

• Halayen I-V (Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki):Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_F) yana nuna alaƙar logarithmic tare da ƙarfin gaba (I_F). Ƙaramin haɓaka a cikin V_Fyana haifar da babban haɓaka a cikin I_Fda zarar an wuce ƙarfin wutar lantarki. V_Fkuma yana da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau, ma'ana yana raguwa kaɗan yayin da zafin haɗin ya karu.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Wutar Lantarki:Fitowar haske (I_V) gabaɗaya yana daidai da ƙarfin gaba a cikin kewayon aiki na yau da kullun. Duk da haka, inganci na iya raguwa a manyan wutar lantarki saboda ƙarin zafi da tasirin raguwa a cikin kayan semiconductor.
• Dogaro da Zafin Jiki:Ƙarfin hasken LED na farin tushen InGaN yawanci yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin ya tashi. Wannan wani muhimmin al'amari ne don sarrafa zafin jiki a cikin aikace-aikacen ƙarfi mai ƙarfi ko mai yawa.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

LED yana da ƙafar ƙafar kunshin daidaitaccen EIA (Ƙungiyar Masana'antu ta Lantarki). Babban ƙayyadaddun bayani shine siffarsa mai siriri na 0.35 mm. An ba da cikakkun zane-zane masu girma, suna ƙayyade tsayi, faɗi, tsayi, girman kushin, da jurewar matsayinsu (yawanci ±0.10 mm).

5.2 Ƙirar Kushin da Polarity

Takardar bayanai ta haɗa da ƙayyadaddun girman kushin da aka ba da shawarar don shimfidar PCB (Kwandon Kewayon Bugawa). Ƙirar kushin da ta dace tana da mahimmanci don samar da haɗin gwiwar gwanjo mai aminci da ƙarfin injiniya. Bangaren yana da tashoshi na anode da cathode; Dole ne a kiyaye polarity daidai yayin haɗawa don tabbatar da aikin da ya dace.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Ma'aunin Solder na Reflow

Bangaren ya dace gaba ɗaya tare da hanyoyin sayar da reflow na infrared (IR). An ba da bayanin da aka ba da shawarar, tare da mahimman ma'auni da suka haɗa da yankin pre-heat (150-200°C), matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C, da lokacin da ya wuce ruwa ba ya wuce dakika 10. Bayanin ya kamata ya bi ka'idojin JEDEC don hana girgizar zafi.

6.2 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

• Hankalin Danshi:Ana tattara LED a cikin jakunkuna masu hana danshi tare da desiccant. Da zarar an buɗe jakar asali, ya kamata a yi amfani da abubuwan a cikin sa'o'i 672 (kwanaki 28) ko a gasa a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin sayar da su idan an adana su tsawon lokaci.
• Hatsarin ESD (Fitar da Wutar Lantarki):LED suna da hankali ga wutar lantarki. Ya zama dole a sarrafa ESD daidai, kamar tashoshi na aiki, abin wuya, da kwantena masu ɗaukar hoto, yayin sarrafawa.
• Tsaftacewa:Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan sayarwa, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi kamar barasa na ethyl ko barasa na isopropyl a yanayin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

Ana ba da LED akan kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar hoto mai faɗin 8mm wanda aka nannade akan reels mai diamita 7-inch (178mm). Kowace reel tana ƙunshe da guda 5000. Don adadin ƙasa da cikakken reel, ana samun mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500. Ƙayyadaddun tef da reel sun yi daidai da ƙa'idodin ANSI/EIA 481-1, suna tabbatar da dacewa da masu ciyar da atomatik.

8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari kamar hasken baya na maɓallin na'urar hannu, alamomin halin aiki akan kwamfutoci masu siriri ko kwamfutocin hannu, alamomin panel a cikin dashboards na mota, da hasken ado a cikin kayan masarufi. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa ya sa ya dace da hasken daidai na ƙananan yankuna ko jagororin haske.

8.2 Abubuwan Ƙira na Kewayon

• Ƙuntatawa na Wutar Lantarki:LED na'ura ce mai tuƙi. Resistor na iyakance wutar lantarki na jerin ko da'irar direba mai ci gaba yana da mahimmanci don hana wuce gona da iri na DC gaba, wanda zai haifar da raguwa cikin sauri.
• Gudanar da Zafin Jiki:Ko da yake raguwar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko hanyoyin zafi a ƙarƙashin kushin zafi na LED (idan akwai) yana taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi, kiyaye fitowar haske da tsawon rai.
• Haɗin Kai:Haɗa LED kai tsaye a layi daya gabaɗaya ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda bambance-bambance a cikin V_F. Idan ya cancanta, yin amfani da LED daga V ɗaya_Fkwandon da haɗa ƙananan ƙananan resistors na jerin ga kowane LED na iya taimakawa daidaita wutar lantarki.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban abin da ya bambanta wannan LED shine kaurinsa na 0.35mm, wanda ya yi ƙasa sosai don daidaitaccen SMD LED. Idan aka kwatanta da fakitin mai kauri (misali, 0.6mm ko 1.0mm), wannan yana ba da damar ƙira na samfuran ƙarshe mafi siriri. Haɗin haske mai ƙarfi (har zuwa 180 mcd a 5mA) a cikin wannan siririn siffar yana ba da ingantaccen rabo na haske zuwa girman. Tsarin binning da aka ayyana don launi da ƙarfi yana ba da matakin daidaito wanda ƙila ba za a tabbatar da shi ba tare da LED na kayayyaki marasa binning ko faɗi.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

10.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Gaba da DC Ƙarfin Gaba?

DC Ƙarfin Gaba (20 mA) shine iyaka mai aminci don ci gaba da aiki. Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Gaba (100 mA) ƙima ce mafi girma wacce aka yarda kawai don ƙananan bugun jini (0.1ms) a ƙaramin aikin aiki (10%). Wuce gona da iri na ƙimar wutar lantarki na DC, ko da ta ɗan lokaci, na iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin.

10.2 Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin Chromaticity Bin (S1-S6)?

Lambobin S-codes suna ayyana yankuna akan ginshiƙin launi na CIE. S1 da S2 suna wakiltar sautunan farin sanyi (mafi yawan abun ciki na shuɗi), yayin da S5 da S6 ke wakiltar sautunan farin dumi (mafi yawan abun ciki na rawaya/ja). S3 da S4 yawanci suna cikin yankin farin tsaka-tsaki. Masu ƙira ya kamata su ƙayyade kwandon (s) da ake buƙata bisa buƙatun zafin launi na aikace-aikacensu.

10.3 Shin zan iya amfani da guntun ƙarfe maimakon reflow?

Yin amfani da ƙarfe da hannu yana yiwuwa amma ba a ba da shawarar ba don samar da girma. Idan ya cancanta, zafin ƙarfen ƙarfe bai kamata ya wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin sayar da kowane jagora dole ne a iyakance shi zuwa dakika 3 matsakaici. Dole ne a kula don guje wa damuwa na injiniya da yawan zafi na gida akan bangaren.

11. Misalai na Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

Misali 1: Alamar Halin Na'urar Hannu:Mai ƙira yana buƙatar farin LED guda ɗaya, mai haske don nuna halin caji. Sun zaɓi LED daga kwandon haske na R don ganuwa mai girma. Suna tuƙa shi a 10 mA ta amfani da filin GPIO daga microcontroller tare da resistor na jerin da aka ƙidaya kamar (Supply Voltage - V_F) / 0.01A. Sun zaɓi LED daga kwandon ƙarfin wutar lantarki na V3 (2.75-2.85V) don halin da ake iya hasashen. Tsayin 0.35mm ya dace da cikin ƙwanƙolin siriri na na'urar.

Misali 2: Hasken Baya na Ƙananan LCD:Injiniya yana buƙatar haskaka LCD ɗin monochrome mai inci 2 daidai daga gefe ta amfani da jagorar haske. Suna amfani da LED guda huɗu da aka sanya tare da gefe ɗaya. Don tabbatar da launi da haske iri ɗaya, sun ƙayyade duk LED dole ne su fito daga kwandon Hue ɗaya (misali, S4) da kwandon Ƙarfin Hasken ɗaya (misali, Q). An haɗa su a jere kuma direba mai ci gaba da saita zuwa 15 mA ke tuƙa su don tabbatar da fitarwa iri ɗaya da sauƙaƙe kewayon.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Fasaha

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan fasahar semiconductor na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride). Tsakiyar farin LED yawanci shine guntu na InGaN mai fitarwa shuɗi. Layer na phosphor, sau da yawa ya ƙunshi garnet na aluminum na yttrium (YAG) wanda aka cika da cerium, an ajiye shi a saman wannan guntu. Lokacin da hasken shuɗi daga guntu ya tada phosphor, yana juyar da wani ɓangare na photons shuɗi zuwa hasken rawaya. Haɗin sauran hasken shuɗi da hasken rawaya da aka fitar idon ɗan adam yana ganinsa a matsayin fari. Takamaiman haɗin phosphor yana ƙayyade zafin launi mai alaƙa (CCT), yana haifar da sanyi, tsaka-tsaki, ko farin dumi. An sami fakitin siriri ta hanyar ci gaba da kunshin wafer-level da dabarun gyare-gyare.

13. Trends na Masana'antu da Ci Gaba

Trend a cikin SMD LED don na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani yana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci (lumens da yawa kowace watt), ƙananan ƙafafu, da siririn siffofi, yana ba da damar samfuran ƙarshe mafi siriri. Hakanan ana mai da hankali sosai kan ingantaccen ma'anar launi (CRI) don ingantaccen haske da ƙarancin jurewar binning don rage bambancin launi da haske a cikin rukunin samarwa. Bugu da ƙari, haɗakar da direba ICs kai tsaye tare da fakitin LED ("modules LED" ko "LED masu hankali") yana zama gama gari don sauƙaƙe ƙira. Fasahar InGaN ta asali kuma ana gyara ta don mafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aminci. Dokokin muhalli suna ci gaba da tura kawar da abubuwa masu haɗari, suna ƙarfafa bin RoHS a matsayin daidaitaccen buƙatu.