Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfur
- 1.1 Fasaloli
- 1.2 Ayyukan Yi Amfani
- 2. Sigogin Fasaha
- 2.1 Halayen Wutar Lantarki da Hasken (a Ts=25°C)
- 2.2 Matsakaicin Kimomi na Kabudi
- 2.3 Tsarin Rarraba
- 3. Masu Lanƙwasa Ayyuka
- 3.1 Wutar Gaba da Wutar Gaba
- 3.2 Wutar Gaba da Ƙarfin Dangantaka
- 3.3 Tsawon Igiyar Haske Mafi Girma da Wutar Gaba
- 3.4 Zafin Kwalin Solder da Wutar Gaba
- 3.5 Rarraba Bakan
- 3.6 Tsarin Hasken
- 4. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi
- 4.1 Girman Kunshin
- 4.2 Gano Polarity
- 5. Ka'idojin Solder Reflow na SMT
- 5.1 Bayanin Reflow
- 5.2 Solder da Hannu
- 5.3 Gyara
- 5.4 Gargaɗi
- 6. Bayanin Marufi
- 6.1 Tef da Reel na Doki
- 6.2 Bayanin Lakabi
- 6.3 Marufi Mai Kariya Daga Danshi
- 7. Kariyar Gudanarwa
- 8. Gwajin Dogaro
- 9. Bayanan Aikace-aikace
- 10. Misalan Amfani na Yau da Kullun
- 11. Ka'idodin Aiki
- 12. Hanyoyin Gaba
- Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
- Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
- Ma'auni na Lantarki
- Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
- Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
- Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
- Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
1. Bayanin Samfur
Wannan LED Ultraviolet an ƙera shi don ingantaccen aminci da kuma zubar da zafi mai kyau. Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin maganin cututtuka, phototherapy, hasken firikwensin, bincike/gano kwayoyin halitta, da kuma gano karya. Na'urar tana da ƙaramin kunshin 3.7x3.7x1.8mm tare da kusurwar kallo na digiri 120, wanda ya sa ta dace da ayyukan haɗa SMT da soldering daban-daban. Ana samunta a kan tef da reel don sarrafa ta atomatik. Matsayin la'akari da danshi shine Mataki 3, kuma ta dace da RoHS.
1.1 Fasaloli
- Girma: 3.7 x 3.7 x 1.8 mm
- Kusurwar kallo: 120°
- Ya dace da duk ayyukan haɗa SMT da soldering
- Ana samuwa akan tef da reel
- Matsayin la'akari da danshi: Mataki 3
- Ya dace da RoHS
1.2 Ayyukan Yi Amfani
- Maganin cututtuka na Ultraviolet
- Phototherapy
- Bincike/gano kwayoyin halitta
- Amfani gabaɗaya
2. Sigogin Fasaha
2.1 Halayen Wutar Lantarki da Hasken (a Ts=25°C)
Yanayin gwaji: IF=100mA sai dai in an ambata. Wutar gaba (VF) an raba ta zuwa lambobi masu yawa daga B16 zuwa B27, wanda ya ƙunshi kewayon 4.0V zuwa 6.4V. Wutar baya (IR) ana gwada ta a VR=10V, tare da iyakar 5µA. Jimlar haske mai zafi (Φe) an raba shi azaman 1J03 (6-10mW), 1J04 (10-11mW), da 1J05 (11-15mW). Tsawon igiyar haske mafi girma (λp) yawanci 310-311nm, tare da rukunin UA42 (305-310nm) da UA43 (311-315nm). Rabin faɗin bakan (Δλ) yawanci 10-15nm. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) digiri 120. Juriya na zafi (RTHJ-S) shine 45°C/W.
2.2 Matsakaicin Kimomi na Kabudi
- Matsakaicin hasara ta ƙarfi: 0.8 W
- Matsakaicin wutar gaba: 120 mA (1/10 sake zagayowar, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms)
- Wutar baya: 10 V
- Fitowar wutar lantarki (HBM): 1000 V
- Yawan zafin aiki: -30 zuwa +85 °C
- Yawan zafin adana: -40 zuwa +100 °C
- Yawan zafin haɗuwa: 85 °C
2.3 Tsarin Rarraba
Ana raba LED ta hanyar wutar gaba (VF), jimlar haske mai zafi (Φe), da tsawon igiyar haske mafi girma (WLP). Rukunin wutar suna B16 zuwa B27 tare da matakan 0.2V. Rukunin haske mai zafi sune 1J03, 1J04, 1J05. Rukunin tsawon igiyar haske sune UA42 da UA43. Ana buga lambar rukunin akan lakabin don gano asali.
3. Masu Lanƙwasa Ayyuka
3.1 Wutar Gaba da Wutar Gaba
A yanayin zafin ɗaki, wutar gaba tana ƙaruwa sosai tare da wutar gaba. A 4.8V, wutar kusan 0; a 5.6V, ta kai kusan 120mA. Wannan lanƙwasa yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar da'irori masu tuki na wutar gaba na yau da kullun.
3.2 Wutar Gaba da Ƙarfin Dangantaka
Ƙarfin haske na dangantaka yana ƙaruwa daidai da wutar gaba daga 0 zuwa 120mA, ya kai 100% a 100mA. Dangantakar tana kusan daidai, yana nuna ingantaccen layi.
3.3 Tsawon Igiyar Haske Mafi Girma da Wutar Gaba
Yayin da wutar gaba ya ƙaru daga 50mA zuwa 120mA, tsawon igiyar haske mafi girma yana canzawa kadan daga kusan 311.0nm zuwa 311.8nm. Wannan canji yana da kadan amma yakamata a yi la'akari a cikin ayyukan da suka dogara da tsawon igiyar haske.
3.4 Zafin Kwalin Solder da Wutar Gaba
Matsakaicin wutar gaba da aka yarda yana raguwa yayin da zafin kwalin solder ya ƙaru. A 25°C, mafi girman wutar shine 120mA; a 60°C, yana raguwa zuwa kusan 40mA. Gudanar da zafi daidai yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye aiki.
3.5 Rarraba Bakan
Fitowar bakan tana kewayawa a kusa da 310nm tare da rabin faɗin kusan 10-15nm. Fitowar tana cikin yankin UVA/UVB, tare da ƙaramin haske mai gani.
3.6 Tsarin Hasken
Zanen hasken yana nuna rarraba mai kama da Lambertian tare da rabin kusurwar kusan digiri 60, yana haifar da kusurwar kallo digiri 120. Ƙarfin haske na dangantaka yana raguwa zuwa 50% a ±60 digiri.
4. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi
4.1 Girman Kunshin
Kallon sama: 3.70mm x 3.70mm. Kallon gefe: tsayi 1.80mm. Kallon ƙasa: kwalaye biyu; girman kwalin anode 3.20mm x 0.50mm, girman kwalin cathode 3.20mm x 0.50mm tare da alamar polarity. Tsarin solder da aka ba da shawarar: kwalin 3.20mm x 2.20mm tare da tazarar 1.20mm. Hakuri suna ±0.2mm sai dai in an ambata.
4.2 Gano Polarity
Gefen cathode yana da alamar "+" a kallon ƙasa. Daidaitaccen jagora yana da mahimmanci don aiki daidai.
5. Ka'idojin Solder Reflow na SMT
5.1 Bayanin Reflow
Zafi na farko: 150-200°C na daƙiƙa 60-120. Matsakaicin hawan zafi: max 3°C/s. Lokaci sama da 217°C: max daƙiƙa 60. Zafi mafi girma: 260°C na max daƙiƙa 10. Matsakaicin saurin sanyaya: max 6°C/s. Jimlar lokaci daga 25°C zuwa mafi girma: max minti 8. Kada a yi reflow fiye da sau biyu. Idan akwai fiye da sa'o'i 24 tsakanin reflows, LED na iya lalacewa saboda shanyewar danshi.
5.2 Solder da Hannu
Idan solder da hannu ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfen solder a max 300°C na max daƙiƙa 3. An yarda da aikin solder da hannu sau ɗaya kawai.
5.3 Gyara
Ba a ba da shawarar gyara bayan solder ba. Idan ba zai yuwu ba, yi amfani da ƙarfen solder mai kai biyu kuma tabbatar ba a lalata LED ba.
5.4 Gargaɗi
Abin rufe LED shine silicone, wanda yake taushi. Ka guji matsa lamba akan saman sama. Kada a ɗora akan PCB mai lanƙwasa. Ka guji damuwa injiniya ko girgiza yayin sanyaya. Kada a yi saurin sanyaya bayan solder.
6. Bayanin Marufi
6.1 Tef da Reel na Doki
Yawan kunshin: 1000 guda a kowace reel. Faɗin tef na doki: 12mm. Girman reel: A=178±1mm, B=12±0.1mm, C=60±1mm, D=13.0±0.5mm. Alamar polarity tana kan tef na doki.
6.2 Bayanin Lakabi
Lakabin ya ƙunshi lambar yanki, lambar ƙayyadaddun, lambar kuri'a, lambobin rukunin (Φe, VF, WLP), yawa, da kwanan wata.
6.3 Marufi Mai Kariya Daga Danshi
Ana sanya reel a cikin jakar kariya daga danshi tare da lakabi, sannan a shirya a cikin akwatin kwali. Yanayin adanawa: kafin buɗe jakar: ≤30°C, ≤75% RH, cikin shekara 1 daga kwanan wata. Bayan buɗewa: ≤30°C, ≤60% RH, amfani cikin sa'o'i 24. Idan ya wuce, gasa a 60±5°C na ≥ sa'o'i 24.
7. Kariyar Gudanarwa
- Adadin sulfur a cikin kayan da ke kewaye bai kamata ya wuce 100 PPM ba.
- Adadin bromine<900 PPM, Adadin chlorine<900 PPM, jimlar Halogen<1500 PPM.
- VOCs daga kayan daki na iya shiga silicone kuma su haifar da canza launi. Yi amfani da kayan da suka dace kawai.
- Rike LEDs ta gefuna da kayan aiki masu dacewa; kada a taɓa ruwan tabarau na silicone.
- Koyaushe yi amfani da masu iyakance wutar; wutar baya na iya haifar da lalacewa.
- Ƙirar zafi tana da mahimmanci; tabbatar da zafin haɗuwa ya kasance ƙasa da 85°C.
- Tsaftacewa: isopropyl alcohol aka ba da shawarar; tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic ba a ba da shawarar ba.
- Ana buƙatar kariya ta ESD; na'urar tana da hankali ga ESD (HBM 1000V).
- Hasken UV na iya cutar da idanu da fata; yi amfani da garkuwa mai dacewa.
8. Gwajin Dogaro
Gwajin dogaro ya haɗa da reflow (260°C max, sec 10, sau 3), girgiza zafi (-40°C zuwa 100°C, zagaye 100), da gwajin rayuwa (25°C, 100mA, awanni 1000). Ma'aunin karɓa: VF
9. Bayanan Aikace-aikace
Don ayyukan maganin cututtuka, tsawon igiyar haske 310nm yana da tasiri a cikin kewayon UVC? A gaskiya 310nm UVB/UVA ne, amma takardar bayanai ta ambaci maganin cututtuka. Masu zanen yakamata su tabbatar da ingantaccen wutar tuki da kuma zubar da zafi. A cikin phototherapy, bakan kunkuntar yana da amfani. Don ayyukan firikwensin, tsawon igiyar haske mafi girma mai tsayayye yana tabbatar da tashin hankali mai daidaito. Koyaushe bi mafi girman kimomi na kabudi don tabbatar da tsawon rai.
10. Misalan Amfani na Yau da Kullun
Misali: A cikin na'urar maganin cututtuka ta UV, ana shirya LEDs 12 a cikin tsarar 3x4 da ake tuki a 100mA kowanne tare da jimlar ƙarfin<10W. Heatsink mai juriya na zafi<10°C/W yana kiyaye zafin haɗuwa a ƙasa da 85°C. Tsarin yana samun raguwar ƙwayoyin cuta >99% akan filaye a nisan 1cm cikin daƙiƙa 30.
11. Ka'idodin Aiki
LED yana fitar da hasken ultraviolet ta hanyar hasken wutar lantarki a cikin haɗuwa semiconductor. Ana amfani da AlGaN ko makamantan kayan don cimma tsawon igiyar haske na 310nm. Bakan kunkuntar ya samo asali ne daga ƙuntatawa na kwata. Na'urar an ƙera ta don ingantaccen aiki da tsawon rayuwa.
12. Hanyoyin Gaba
Fasahar LED UV tana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci, mafi girman yawan ƙarfi, da tsawon rayuwa. Ayyuka masu tasowa sun haɗa da tsarkake ruwa, kashe ƙwayoyin cuta a iska, da bincike na likita. Hanya tana zuwa ga ƙarami kunshin tare da ingantaccen sarrafa zafi.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |