Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Dubawar Samfurin
- 1.1 Bayani Gabaɗaya
- 1.2 Siffofi
- 1.3 Amfani
- 2. Binciken Siffofin Fasaha
- 2.1 Halayen Lantarki/Hasken Haske (Ts=25°C, IF=3mA)
- 2.2 Matsakaicin Matsayin Ƙarfafawa (Ts=25°C)
- 2.3 Tsarin Rabe-Rabe (IF=3mA)
- 3. Binciken Matsayin Aiki
- 4. Bayani na Injiniya da Marufi
- 4.1 Girman Kunshin
- 4.2 Tef da Reel na Jigilar Kaya
- 4.3 Marufi na Kariya daga Danshi
- 5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗa
- 5.1 Tsarin Solder na Reflow
- 5.2 Solder da Hannu da Gyara
- 5.3 Kariya yayin Mu'amala
- 6. Bayani na Marufi da Oda
- 7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace
- 8. Kwatancen Fasaha
- 9. Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawa
- 10. Misalan Aikace-aikacen Aiki
- 11. Ka'idar Aiki
- 12. Hanyoyin Ci Gaba
- Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
- Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
- Ma'auni na Lantarki
- Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
- Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
- Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
- Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
1. Dubawar Samfurin
1.1 Bayani Gabaɗaya
An kera wannan farin LED ta amfani da guntun shuɗi da phosphor don samar da haske fari. Girman kunshin shine 3.50mm x 2.80mm x 1.84mm (kunshin PLCC2). An tsara shi don haɗa ta hanyar SMT kuma ya dace da matakai daban-daban na soldering.
1.2 Siffofi
- Kunshin PLCC2
- Kusurwar gani mai faɗi sosai (120°)
- Ya dace da duk matakan haɗa SMT da soldering
- Ana samunsa akan tef da reel (2000pcs/reel)
- Matakin Damataccen Danshi: Mataki 2
- Ya bi ka'idodin RoHS da REACH
- An cancanta bisa ga jagororin gwajin damuwa na AEC-Q101 don na'urori masu hankali na mota
1.3 Amfani
Amfani na yau da kullun ya haɗa da hasken cikin mota da mashiga saboda ingancinsa mai girma da kusurwar gani mai faɗi.
2. Binciken Siffofin Fasaha
2.1 Halayen Lantarki/Hasken Haske (Ts=25°C, IF=3mA)
| Siffa | Alama | Mafi ƙanƙanta | Yawanci | Mafi yawa | Naúrar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba | VF | 2.5 | 2.7 | 3.1 | V |
| Halin Wuta na Baya | IR | - | - | 10 | µA |
| Ƙarfin Haske | IV | 23 | 37 | 53 | mcd |
| Kusurwar Gani | 2θ1/2 | - | 120 | - | deg |
| Juriyar Zafi | RTHJ-S | - | - | 300 | °C/W |
2.2 Matsakaicin Matsayin Ƙarfafawa (Ts=25°C)
| Siffa | Alama | Daraja | Naúrar |
|---|---|---|---|
| Haskar Wuta | PD | 91 | mW |
| Halin Wuta na Gaba | IF | 30 | mA |
| Halin Wuta na Kololuwa | IFP | 100 | mA |
| Wutar Lantarki ta Baya | VR | 5 | V |
| Fitar Wutar Lantarki (HBM) | ESD | 2000 | V |
| Zafin Aiki | TOPR | -40 ~ +100 | °C |
| Zafin Adanawa | TOPR | -40 ~ +100 | °C |
| Zafin Haɗin | TJ | 120 | °C |
Lura: Faɗin bugun jini 10ms, zagayen aiki 1/10 don halin wuta na kololuwa. Haƙurin aunawa: VF ±0.1V, chromaticity ±0.005, ƙarfin haske ±10%. Yawan ESD >90% a 2000V HBM.
2.3 Tsarin Rabe-Rabe (IF=3mA)
Rukunonin wutar lantarki na gaba sun fito daga E2 (2.5-2.6V) zuwa H1 (3.0-3.1V). Rukunonin ƙarfin haske sun fito daga C20 (23-28mcd) zuwa E10 (43-53mcd). Akwai rukunonin CIE chromaticity: M02, M03, P02, P03. Duba takardar bayani don ainihin haɗin kai.
3. Binciken Matsayin Aiki
Matsayin halayen haske na yau da kullun yana ba da haske game da halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban:
- Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba vs. Halin Wuta na Gaba: Yana nuna alaƙa mai girma, yawanci a 2.7V don 3mA.
- Halin Wuta na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Dangi: Yana ƙaruwa da layi har zuwa 5mA, sannan ya cika.
- Zafin Solder vs. Ƙarfin Dangi: Raguwa kaɗan a babban zafi (kimanin raguwar 20% daga 25°C zuwa 120°C).
- Halin Wuta na Gaba vs. Zafin Solder: Ana buƙatar ragewa sama da 80°C.
- Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba vs. Zafin Solder: Ma'aunin zafi mara kyau (~-2mV/°C).
- Zane na Rarrabuwa: Kusurwar gani mai faɗi tare da tsarin daidaitacce.
- Canjin Launi vs. Halin Wuta na Gaba: Canji kaɗan a haɗin chromaticity.
- Rarraba Spectra: Kololuwar fadi a kusan 450nm (shuɗi) da 550nm (rawaya) na yau da kullun don farin LED mai canza phosphor.
4. Bayani na Injiniya da Marufi
4.1 Girman Kunshin
Gani daga sama: 3.50mm x 2.80mm. Tsawo daga gefe: 1.84mm. Gani daga ƙasa yana nuna alamar polarity. Tsarin soldering da aka ba da shawara: 2.40mm x 1.25mm pads tare da tsawon 4.45mm. Duk girma a mm, haƙuri ±0.2mm sai dai in an lura.
4.2 Tef da Reel na Jigilar Kaya
Tef mai ɗaukar kaya yana da nisa 8.0mm, diamita na reel 178mm, diamita na cibiya 60mm. Faɗin tef 8.0mm. Reel ya ƙunshi 2000pcs kowane reel. Lakabin ya haɗa da lambar sashi, lambar spec, lambar lot, lambar bin, adadi, da kwanan wata.
4.3 Marufi na Kariya daga Danshi
Ana tattara LED a cikin jakar kariya daga danshi tare da desiccant da katin nuna danshi. Matakin Danshi na MSL 2 yana buƙatar gasa idan yanayin adanawa ya wuce.
5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗa
5.1 Tsarin Solder na Reflow
Siffofin reflow da aka ba da shawara: riga-rigima daga 150°C zuwa 200°C na daƙiƙa 60-120, zafi sama da 217°C na mafi yawan daƙiƙa 60, zafi kololuwa 260°C na mafi yawan daƙiƙa 10 (a cikin 5°C na kololuwa na mafi yawan daƙiƙa 30). Saurin sanyaya mafi girma 6°C/s. Jimlar lokaci daga 25°C zuwa kololuwa mafi yawan mintuna 8. Kada a sake yin reflow fiye da sau biyu.
5.2 Solder da Hannu da Gyara
Solder da hannu: zafin tip na karfe<300°C, lokaci Abin rufewa shine silicone (mai laushi). Ka guji matsa na injiniya akan ruwan tabarau. Kada a saka a kan PCB da ya karkata. Kada a sanyaya da sauri bayan soldering. Yi amfani da nozzles na pick-and-place da suka dace don gujewa lalacewa. Marufi na yau da kullun: 2000pcs kowane reel a cikin tef ɗaukar kaya. Jaka mai kariya daga danshi tare da lakabi. Akwatin katako na waje (girma na yau da kullun). Yanayin adanawa kafin buɗewa: ≤30°C, ≤75% RH na har zuwa shekara 1. Bayan buɗewa: yi amfani da shi a cikin sa'o'i 24 a ≤30°C, ≤60% RH. Idan ya wuce, gasa a 60±5°C na > sa'o'i 24. Wannan LED ya dace da hasken cikin mota da mashiga. Lokacin ƙira, tabbatar da cewa halin wuta bai wuce 30mA ba. Yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin wuta don hana ƙonawa. Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci: zafin haɗi bai kamata ya wuce 120°C ba. Samar da isasshen zubar da zafi. Dole ne da'irar tuƙi kada ta yi amfani da wutar lantarki ta baya. Ka guji kayan da ke ɗauke da sulfur (S<100ppm). Iyakance adadin bromine da chlorine. Idan aka kwatanta da ƙwanƙolin wuta na yau da kullun, wannan farin LED yana ba da tsawon rai (> shekaru 50,000), ƙarancin amfani da wuta (91mW vs 1-2W), da ƙaramin wuri. A cikin nau'ikan LED, cancantar AEC-Q101 yana tabbatar da inganci mai girma don aikace-aikacen mota, yana sa ya fi kyau fiye da LED na gama-gari marasa cancanta. Kusurwar gani mai faɗi 120° yana da fa'ida don hasken ciki. Tambaya: Menene mafi girman halin wuta na gaba?Amsa: 30mA (100mA kololuwa tare da zagayen aiki 10%). Tambaya: Zan iya aiki ba tare da resistor ba?Amsa: A'a, ana buƙatar resistor mai iyakance halin wuta don hana canji da lalacewa. Tambaya: Menene tsawon rayuwar adanawa?Amsa: Shekara 1 idan ba a buɗe ba a yanayin da ya dace. Bayan buɗewa, yi amfani da shi a cikin sa'o'i 24 ko gasa. Tambaya: Wannan LED yana da hankali ga ESD?Amsa: Ee, ana buƙatar kariya daga ESD. Matsayin HBM 2000V. Tambaya: Za a iya amfani da shi a aikace-aikacen waje?Amsa: An tsara shi don ciki, amma tare da rufewa mai kyau yana yiwuwa. Ba a bada shawara don bayyanar kai tsaye ba. A cikin hasken cikin mota, ana amfani da waɗannan LED don hasken dashboard, hasken ƙasa, da hasken mashiga. Saboda cancantar AEC-Q101, suna jure rawar jiki da zagayen zafi. Misali: maɓallan haske a cikin kwandon tsakiya ta amfani da halin wuta 3mA don haske iri ɗaya. Farin LED yana aiki ta hanyar halin lantarki daga guntun InGaN mai shuɗi. Hasken shuɗi (kololuwa ~450nm) yana motsa phosphor mai rawaya (cerium-doped YAG) wanda ke fitar da haske mai faɗi rawaya (kololuwa ~550nm). Haɗin shuɗi da rawaya yana bayyana fari ga idon ɗan adam. An yi rufin phosphor kai tsaye akan guntu, yana samar da launi iri ɗaya. Hasken LED na mota yana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci, ƙarami, da inganci. Ci gaba na gaba ya haɗa da kunshin matakin guntu (CSP) da ƙirar flip-chip don ingantaccen aikin zafi. Haɗa tare da tsarin haske mai wayo (misali, fitilolin gaba na matrix) yana haifar da buƙatar LED masu cancanta da ƙarami. Wannan kunshin PLCC2 ya kasance sananne don aikace-aikacen ciki saboda daidaiton aiki da farashi. Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED5.3 Kariya yayin Mu'amala
6. Bayani na Marufi da Oda
7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace
8. Kwatancen Fasaha
9. Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawa
10. Misalan Aikace-aikacen Aiki
11. Ka'idar Aiki
12. Hanyoyin Ci Gaba
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
Kalma
Naúrar/Wakilci
Bayanin Sauri
Me yasa yake da muhimmanci
Ingancin Hasken Wuta
lm/W (lumen kowace watt)
Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari.
Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki.
Gudun Hasken Wuta
lm (lumen)
Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske".
Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai.
Kusurwar Dubawa
° (digiri), misali 120°
Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske.
Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito.
Zafin Launi (CCT)
K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K
Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi.
Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace.
CI / Ra
Ba naúrar, 0–100
Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau.
Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi.
SDCM
Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki"
Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi.
Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya.
Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken
nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja)
Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi.
Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya.
Rarraba Bakan Hasken
Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi
Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske.
Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi.
Ma'auni na Lantarki
Kalma
Alamar
Bayanin Sauri
Abubuwan ƙira
Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba
Vf
Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa".
Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere.
Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba
If
Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun.
Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai.
Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini
Ifp
Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya.
Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa.
Ƙarfin lantarki na baya
Vr
Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa.
Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki.
Juriya na zafi
Rth (°C/W)
Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau.
Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi.
Rigakafin ESD
V (HBM), misali 1000V
Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni.
Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali.
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
Kalma
Ma'aunin maɓalli
Bayanin Sauri
Tasiri
Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa
Tj (°C)
Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED.
Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi.
Ragewar Lumen
L70 / L80 (sa'o'i)
Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko.
Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED.
Kula da Lumen
% (misali 70%)
Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci.
Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci.
Canjin Launi
Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam
Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani.
Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa.
Tsufa na Zafi
Lalacewar kayan aiki
Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci.
Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye.
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
Kalma
Nau'ikan gama gari
Bayanin Sauri
Siffofi & Aikace-aikace
Nau'in Kunshin
EMC, PPA, Yumbu
Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi.
EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai.
Tsarin Guntu
Gaba, Guntu Juyawa
Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu.
Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi.
Rufin Phosphor
YAG, Silicate, Nitride
Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari.
Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI.
Ruwan tabarau/Optics
Lefi, Microlens, TIR
Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske.
Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske.
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
Kalma
Abun rarraba
Bayanin Sauri
Manufa
Kwalin Gudun Hasken
Lambar misali 2G, 2H
An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen.
Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya.
Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki
Lambar misali 6W, 6X
An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba.
Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin.
Kwalin Launi
Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki
An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon.
Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin.
Kwalin CCT
2700K, 3000K da sauransu
An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa.
Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban.
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
Kalma
Matsakaicin/Gwaji
Bayanin Sauri
Muhimmanci
LM-80
Gwajin kula da lumen
Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske.
Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21).
TM-21
Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa
Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80.
Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa.
IESNA
Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa
Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi.
Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince.
RoHS / REACH
Tabbatarwar muhalli
Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury).
Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya.
ENERGY STAR / DLC
Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari
Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa.
Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa.