Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfurin
- 1.1 Bayani na Gabaɗaya
- 1.2 Siffofi
- 1.3 Aikace-aikace
- 2. Girman Fakitin
- 3. Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani
- 3.1 Wutar Gaba
- 3.2 Wutar Baya
- 3.3 Filiyar Hasken
- 3.4 Kusurwar Kallo
- 3.5 Juriya ta Zafi
- 3.6 Matsakaicin Matsayin Ƙarshe
- 4. Kewayon Bin da Daidaitawar Launi
- 4.1 Rarraba Wutar Gaba
- 4.2 Rarraba Filiyar Haske
- 4.3 Rarraba Launi
- 5. Maɗaukakin Ayyuka na Yau da Kullun
- 5.1 Wutar Gaba da Wutar Gaba
- 5.2 Wutar Gaba da Ƙarfin Dangantaka
- 5.3 Zafin Walda da Ƙarfin Dangantaka
- 5.4 Zafin Walda da Wutar Gaba (Ragewa)
- 5.5 Wutar Gaba da Zafin Walda
- 5.6 Zanen Radiasiya
- 5.7 Launi da Zafi
- 5.8 Rarraba Spectrum
- 6. Tattali da Kula
- 6.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tattali
- 6.2 Tattali Mai Kare Damshi
- 6.3 Gwajin Dogaro
- 7. Walda Reflow SMT
- 8. Tsare-tsare da Adanawa
- 8.1 Yanayin Aiki
- 8.2 Kula
- 8.3 Tsaftacewa
- 8.4 Yanayin Adanawa
- Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
- Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
- Ma'auni na Lantarki
- Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
- Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
- Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
- Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
1. Bayanin Samfurin
1.1 Bayani na Gabaɗaya
Wannan LED shine diode mai haskaka farin haske wanda aka yi ta amfani da chip shuɗi tare da phosphor don samar da farin haske. Fakitin shine 3.5mm x 3.5mm x 1.9mm PLCC6 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) fakitin, wanda aka ƙera don fasahar taya saman. LED yana ba da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi na digiri 120 kuma ya dace da aikace-aikacen haskaka mota daban-daban. Na'urar tana bin ka'idodin RoHS da REACH kuma an cancanta bisa ga gwajin damuwa AEC-Q101 don masu rarraba semiconductor na mota.
1.2 Siffofi
- Fakitin PLCC6 (3.5mm x 3.5mm x 1.9mm)
- Kusurwar kallo mai faɗi sosai (120°)
- Ya dace da duk ayyukan haɗa SMT da walda
- Ana samunsa akan tef da reel (4000pcs/ reel)
- Matsayin damshi: Mataki 2
- Yarda da RoHS da REACH
- An cancanta AEC-Q101
1.3 Aikace-aikace
LED an ƙera shi da farko don haskaka mota, duka na ciki da na waje, kamar haskaka yanayi na ciki, fitilun karatu, fitilun sigina, da sauran ayyukan haskaka mota.
2. Girman Fakitin
Girman fakitin ana nuna shi a cikin zanen takardar bayanai. Gabaɗaya girman fakitin shine 3.50mm x 3.50mm tare da tsayin 1.90mm. Duk girma suna cikin millimita tare da juriyar ±0.05mm sai dai idan an ambata akasin haka. LED yana da alamar polarity a saman saman. Fakitin ya ƙunshi faɗin ƙafar 0.70mm da matakin ƙafar 0.50mm a wata hanya, tare da wani matakin ƙafar 0.80mm. Madaidaicin girman yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar shimfidar PCB da walda mai kyau.
3. Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani
3.1 Wutar Gaba
A gwajin gwaji na 150mA (Ts=25°C), wutar gaba (VF) tana da mafi ƙarancin 2.8V, na yau da kullun 3.1V, da mafi girma 3.4V. Juriyar auna shine ±0.1V. Wannan siga yana da mahimmanci don lissafin watsawar wuta da ƙirar da'irorin tuƙi.
3.2 Wutar Baya
A wutar baya na 5V, wutar baya (IR) tana da ƙanƙanta sosai, tare da mafi girma 10µA. Wannan yana nuna kyakkyawan ingancin haɗin kai da ƙarancin zubewa.
3.3 Filiyar Hasken
A 150mA, filiyar haske (Φ) ta fito daga mafi ƙarancin 55.3 lumens, na yau da kullun 62 lumens, zuwa mafi girma 75.3 lumens. Juriyar auna shine ±10%. Wannan babbar filiyar tana sa LED ya dace da haskaka mota mai haske.
3.4 Kusurwar Kallo
Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) digiri 120 ne, wanda yake da faɗi sosai, yana ba da rarraba haske daidai.
3.5 Juriya ta Zafi
Juriya ta zafi daga haɗin kai zuwa wurin walda (RTHJ-S) 50°C/W mafi girma. Wannan ƙarancin juriya na zafi yana taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi mai inganci.
3.6 Matsakaicin Matsayin Ƙarshe
Matsakaicin matsayin ƙarshe sun haɗa da: Watsawar Wuta (PD) 612mW, Wutar Gaba (IF) 180mA, Wutar Gaba Kololuwa (IFP) 300mA (1/10 zagayowar aiki, faɗin bugun 10ms), Wutar Baya (VR) 5V, Fitowar Wutar Lantarki (HBM) 8000V, Zafin Aiki (TOPR) -40 zuwa +110°C, Zafin Adanawa (TSTG) -40 zuwa +110°C, Zafin Haɗin Kai (TJ) 125°C. Dole ne a kula kada a wuce waɗannan iyakokin don guje wa lalacewa.
4. Kewayon Bin da Daidaitawar Launi
4.1 Rarraba Wutar Gaba
Ana rarraba wutar gaba a 150mA zuwa rukuni: G1 (2.8-2.9V), G2 (2.9-3.0V), H1 (3.0-3.1V), H2 (3.1-3.2V), I1 (3.2-3.3V), I2 (3.3-3.4V). Wannan rarraba yana bawa abokan ciniki damar zaɓar LEDs masu ƙarancin kewayon wutar don rarraba wutar daidai a cikin tsararru.
4.2 Rarraba Filiyar Haske
Ana rarraba filiyar haske a 150mA: PA (55.3-61.2 lm), PB (61.2-67.8 lm), QA (67.8-75.3 lm). Manyan bins na filiye suna ba da fitarwa mai haske.
4.3 Rarraba Launi
Ana nuna zanen launi na C.I.E tare da bins ZG0, ZG1, ZG2. Daidaitawar launi ta faɗo a yankin fari tare da takamaiman kewayon x,y. Misali, ZG0 ya ƙunshi daidaitawa (0.3059,0.3112) zuwa (0.3177,0.3112) da sauransu. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi.
5. Maɗaukakin Ayyuka na Yau da Kullun
5.1 Wutar Gaba da Wutar Gaba
Maɗaukakin yana nuna wutar gaba ta yau da kullun kusan 2.8-3.2V a cikin kewayon wutar 30-180mA.
5.2 Wutar Gaba da Ƙarfin Dangantaka
Fitar haske dangantaka tana ƙaruwa da wutar, tana kaiwa kusan 140% a 200mA idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan wutar.
5.3 Zafin Walda da Ƙarfin Dangantaka
Yayin da zafi ke ƙaruwa, ƙarfin dangantaka yana raguwa kusan 20% daga 20°C zuwa 120°C.
5.4 Zafin Walda da Wutar Gaba (Ragewa)
Mafi girman wutar gaba da aka yarda yana raguwa da zafi, daga 180mA a 25°C zuwa kusan 100mA a 125°C don guje wa lalacewar zafi.
5.5 Wutar Gaba da Zafin Walda
Wutar gaba tana raguwa a layi ta zafi (kusan -2mV/°C).
5.6 Zanen Radiasiya
Ƙarfin haske dangantaka a matsayin aikin kusurwa yana nuna rarraba kusurwa mai faɗi, na yau da kullun ga mai fitar da Lambertian.
5.7 Launi da Zafi
Daidaitawar launi tana canjawa kaɗan da zafi, tare da ƙimar x da y suna raguwa yayin da zafi ke ƙaruwa.
5.8 Rarraba Spectrum
LED yana fitar da faɗin spectrum daga kusan 400nm zuwa 750nm, tare da ƙarfin kololuwa kusa da 450nm (shuɗi) da kuma kololuwar rawaya mafi faɗi daga phosphor, yana haifar da farin haske mai sanyi.
6. Tattali da Kula
6.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tattali
Ana tattala LEDs a cikin tef mai ɗaukar hoto tare da 4000pcs kowane reel. An ƙayyade girman tef mai ɗaukar hoto: A0=3.70±0.10mm, B0=3.70±0.10mm, K0=2.15±0.10mm, T=0.25±0.05mm, W=12.0±0.20mm, da sauransu. Girman reel: diamita 330mm, diamita cibiya 100mm, rami hub 13mm.
6.2 Tattali Mai Kare Damshi
LED yana da damshi (MSL Mataki 2). An tattala shi a cikin jakar kare damshi tare da busasshiyar abu da mai nuna damshi. Yanayin adanawa: kafin buɗe jakar aluminum, adana a<30°C/75%RH har zuwa shekara 1. Bayan buɗewa, yi amfani da shi cikin sa'o'i 24 a<30°C/60%RH. Idan aka wuce, ana buƙatar gasa a 60±5°C na awanni 24.
6.3 Gwajin Dogaro
Gwaje-gwaje sun haɗa da: Reflow (260°C mafi girma, 2x), Sharadi na Farko (MSL2), Girgiza Zafi (-40°C zuwa 125°C, zagayowa 1000), Gwajin Rayuwa (105°C, 150mA, awanni 1000), Gwajin Rayuwa na Babban Damshi (85°C/85%RH, 150mA, awanni 1000). Ma'auni: Canjin VF ≤1.1x USL, IR ≤2.0x USL, filiye ≥0.7x LSL.
7. Walda Reflow SMT
An bayar da bayanan walda reflow da aka ba da shawara. Mahimman sigogi: ƙimar hawan ≤3°C/s, preheat daga 150°C zuwa 200°C na 60-120s, lokaci sama da 217°C (TL) cikin 60-120s, zafin kololuwa 260°C (TP) tare da lokacin tsayawa ≤10s, ƙimar sanyaya ≤6°C/s. Matsayin zagayowar reflow 2. Walda da hannu: zafin ƙarfe<300°C na<3s, sau ɗaya kawai. Ya kamata a rage gyare-gyare.
8. Tsare-tsare da Adanawa
8.1 Yanayin Aiki
Ka guje wa mahadi masu ɗauke da sulfur >100PPM a cikin kayan haɗi. Bromine da chlorine kowanne<900PPM, jimlar<1500PPM. Mahadi na ganye mai uwa (VOCs) na iya canza launin murfin silicone; ka guje wa mannaki masu fitar da iska.
8.2 Kula
Kula da abubuwan a gefen saman ta amfani da tweezers; kar a taɓa ruwan tabarau na silicone kai tsaye. Kariyar fitowar wutar lantarki ya zama dole (ESD 8000V HBM). Ƙirƙira da'irori tare da masu hana wutar don hana wuce gona da iri. Ƙirar zafi tana da mahimmanci don kiyaye aiki da hana canjin launi ko lalacewar filiye.
8.3 Tsaftacewa
Yi amfani da barasa isopropyl don tsaftacewa idan an buƙata. Ba a ba da shawawar tsaftacewa da ultrasonic ba saboda yana iya lalata LED.
8.4 Yanayin Adanawa
Adana a cikin jakar asali da aka rufe a<30°C/75%RH har zuwa shekara 1. Bayan buɗewa, yi amfani da shi cikin sa'o'i 24 ko gasa a 60±5°C na awanni 24.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |