Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayani
- 1.1 Bayani na Gabaɗaya
- 1.2 Siffofi
- 1.3 Aikace-aikace
- 2. Girman Kwas
- 3. Halayen Lantarki / Haske a Ts=25°C
- Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga (Ts=25°C)
- 4. Matsayin Rukunin Wutar Gaba da Hasken Haske (IF=20mA)
- 5. Misalin Hanyoyin Halayen Haske
- 6. Marufi
- 7. Abubuwan Gwajin Aminci da Yanayi
- 8. Umurnai na Haɗawa Ta Hanyar Sake Zubi na SMT
- 9. Kariya na Kulawa
- 10. Yanayin Ajiya
- Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
- Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
- Ma'auni na Lantarki
- Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
- Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
- Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
- Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
1. Bayani
1.1 Bayani na Gabaɗaya
An yi LED fari ne ta hanyar amfani da chip shuɗi da phosphor don samar da hasken fari. Kwas din shine na'urar PLCC2 (3.50mm x 2.80mm x 1.84mm) da ake haɗawa a saman. An tsara wannan LED don dogon aminci da kyakkyawan aikin gani a aikace-aikace masu wahala.
1.2 Siffofi
- Kwas na PLCC2
- Kusurwar gani mai faɗi sosai (120°)
- Ya dace da duk matakan haɗawa da sarrafa SMT
- Ana samunsa akan tef da reel (2000pcs/reel)
- Matakin damshin ruwa: Mataki na 2
- Yarda da RoHS da REACH
- Cancanta: Tsarin gwajin cancantar samfur bisa jagororin AEC-Q101 don na'urorin semiconductor masu darajar mota
1.3 Aikace-aikace
- Haskakawa cikin mota
- Maɓallai
2. Girman Kwas
Girman kwas shine 3.50mm (tsawo) x 2.80mm (faɗi) x 1.84mm (tsayi). LED din yana da ruwan tabarau na silicone mai haske. An bayar da tsarin haɗawa da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da haɗin zafi da inji mai kyau. An yi alamar polarity akan kwas. Duk girma a cikin millimeters ne tare da haƙuri na ±0.2mm sai dai in an ambata.
3. Halayen Lantarki / Haske a Ts=25°C
| Siga | Alama | Yanayin Gwaji | Min. | Typ. | Max. | Naúrar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wutar Gaba | VF | IF=20mA | 2.5 | 2.8 | 3.1 | V |
| Igwa Mai Juyawa | IR | VR=5V | - | - | 10 | µA |
| Hasken Haske | IV | IF=20mA | 1800 | 2450 | 3500 | mcd |
| Kusurwar Gani | 2θ1/2 | IF=20mA | - | 120 | - | digiri |
| Juriya na Zafi | RTHJ-S | IF=20mA | - | - | 300 | °C/W |
Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga (Ts=25°C)
| Siga | Alama | Matsakaici | Naúrar |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ragewar Wutar Lantarki | PD | 93 | mW |
| Igwa Gaba | IF | 30 | mA |
| Igwa Gaba Mafi Girma (1/10 Duty, 10ms) | IFP | 50 | mA |
| Wutar Juyawa | VR | 5 | V |
| ESD (HBM) | ESD | 8000 | V |
| Yanayin Zafin Aiki | TOPR | -40 zuwa +100 | °C |
| Yanayin Zafin Ajiya | TSTG | -40 zuwa +100 | °C |
| Yanayin Zafin Haɗin | TJ | 120 | °C |
Bayanan kula: Haƙurin auna wutar gaba ±0.1V. Haƙurin auna daidaitattun launuka ±0.005. Haƙurin auna hasken haske ±10%.
4. Matsayin Rukunin Wutar Gaba da Hasken Haske (IF=20mA)
An raba LED din ta hanyar wutar gaba (VF) da hasken haske (IV) don daidaito. Matsayin VF sun fito daga 2.5-2.6V (E2) zuwa 3.0-3.1V (H1). Matsayin IV sune N1 (1800-2300 mcd), N2 (2300-2800 mcd), da O1 (2800-3500 mcd). An bayyana rukunin launi (R00, R01, R02) a cikin zane na CIE 1931.
5. Misalin Hanyoyin Halayen Haske
An bayar da waɗannan hanyoyin halaye na yau da kullun don tunani na ƙira:
- Wutar Gaba da Igwa Gaba: Yana nuna alaƙar I-V na yau da kullun.
- Igwa Gaba da Ƙarfin Haske: Yana nuna haɓakar ƙarfi tare da igwa.
- Zafin Haɗawa da Ƙarfin Haske: Yana nuna raguwar ƙarfi a mafi girman zafin haɗawa.
- Zafin Haɗawa da Igwa Gaba: Hanyar ragewa don mafi girman igwa da aka yarda da zafin haɗawa.
- Wutar Gaba da Zafin Haɗawa: Yana nuna ma'aunin zafin jiki mara kyau na wutar gaba.
- Zane na Rada: Yana nuna kusurwar gani mai faɗi 120°.
- Canjin Matsayin Launi da Zafin Haɗawa: Yana nuna ɗan canjin daidaitattun launuka tare da zafin jiki.
- Rarraba Bakan Haske: Misalin bakan na LED fari.
6. Marufi
Ana tattara LED din a cikin tef da reel tare da guda 2000 a kowane reel. An bayyana girman tef na jigilar kaya don sanyawa ta atomatik. Girman reel shine 178mm (diameter) tare da rami na hub 13mm. An yi amfani da jaka mai hana damshin ruwa tare da bushewa da katin nuna damshin ruwa don kariya mai saurin damshin ruwa. Lakabin ya ƙunshi lambar sashi, lambar rukuni, adadi, da lambar kwanan wata.
7. Abubuwan Gwajin Aminci da Yanayi
An cancanta samfurin ta hanyar gwajin aminci mai tsauri bisa AEC-Q101. Gwaje-gwajen sun haɗa da:
- Haɗawa Ta Hanyar Sake Zubi (260°C, sakan 10)
- Matakin Damshin Ruwa na 2 (85°C/60%RH, awa 168)
- Girgizawar Zafi (-40°C zuwa 125°C, zagaye 1000)
- Gwajin Rayuwa (100°C, IF=20mA, awa 1000)
- Gwajin Rayuwa na Zafi Mai Girma da Damshin Ruwa (85°C/85%RH, IF=20mA, awa 1000)
Matsayin karɓa: Na wutar gaba, iyaka shine U.S.L. × 1.1; na igwa mai juyawa, U.S.L. × 2.0; na hasken haske, L.S.L. × 0.7.
8. Umurnai na Haɗawa Ta Hanyar Sake Zubi na SMT
Matsayin haɗawa da aka ba da shawarar: Preheat daga 150°C zuwa 200°C na sakan 60-120. Gudun haɓaka ≤3°C/s. Lokaci sama da 217°C: mafi girma sakan 60. Matsayin zafi mafi girma: 260°C na mafi girma sakan 10. Gudun sanyaya ≤6°C/s. Jimlar lokaci daga 25°C zuwa matsakaici: mafi girma mintuna 8. Kar a wuce zagaye biyu na sake zubi; idan fiye da awa 24 tsakanin haɗawa, LED din na iya ɗaukar damshin ruwa kuma su lalace. Don haɗawa da hannu, yi amfani da ƙarfe a 300°C kasa da sakan 3, sau ɗaya kawai. Ya kamata a guji gyara amma idan ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfe mai kai biyu. Abin rufin silicone yana da taushi; guji matsi mai yawa yayin ɗauka da sanyawa.<300°C kasa da sakan 3, sau daya kawai. Ya kamata a guji gyara amma idan ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfe mai kai biyu. Abin rufin silicone yana da taushi; guji matsi mai yawa yayin ɗauka da sanyawa.
9. Kariya na Kulawa
- Guji fallasa ga mahadi na sulfur sama da 100PPM a cikin kayan haɗi.
- Ƙayyade abun ciki na bromine da chlorine a kayan waje: kowanne<900PPM, jimlar<1500PPM.
- Kare mahadi masu canzawa (VOCs) daga canza launin silicone.
- Ɗauki abubuwan haɗin ta gefe ta amfani da kayan aiki masu dacewa; kada a taɓa ruwan tabarau.
- Ƙirƙiri da'irar tuƙi don tabbatar da cewa igwa bai wuce matsakaicin matsakaikin ƙididdiga ba kuma yi amfani da resistor a jeri don kariya. Guji wutar juyawa.
- Tsarin zafi yana da mahimmanci; yi la'akari da samar da zafi don hana raguwar haske da launi.
- Abin rufin silicone yana jawo ƙura; ana ba da shawarar tsaftacewa da isopropanol. Ba a ba da shawarar tsaftacewa da ultrasonic ba.
10. Yanayin Ajiya
| Yanayi | Zafin jiki | Damshin ruwa | Lokaci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kafin buɗe jakar aluminum | ≤30°C | ≤75% | Cikin shekara 1 |
| Bayan buɗe jakar | ≤30°C | ≤60% | Ana ba da shawarar cikin awa 24 |
| Gasa (idan an wuce ajiya ko jakar ta lalace) | 60±5°C | - | ≥awa 24 |
Ya kamata a yi amfani da kariyar ESD da EOS yayin kulawa da haɗawa, saboda LED din suna da saurin kamuwa da fitar da wutar lantarki.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |