Takardar Bayanin LED Fari RF-A1P14-W892-A11 - 2.20x1.40x1.30mm - 2.8V - 93mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta cika bayanin ƙayyadaddun bayanai na diode mai haske (LED) fari wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen fasahar haɗawa ta saman (SMT). Na'urar tana amfani da guntu LED shuɗi tare da rufin phosphor don samar da haske fari, an kulle shi a cikin ƙaramin fakitin PLCC2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier).

1.1 Bayanin Gabaɗaya

An ƙera LED ta amfani da guntu semiconductor shuɗi da tsarin canza phosphor. An sanya samfurin ƙarshe a cikin fakitin da ke auna tsawon 2.20 mm, faɗin 1.40 mm, da tsayin 1.30 mm. Wannan sigar an daidaita ta don tsarin haɗawa ta atomatik na ɗauka da sanyawa.

1.2 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Asali

• Nau'in Fakitin:Fakitin PLCC2 na masana'antu don haɗa SMT mai dogaro.
• Kusurwar Dubawa:Yana da kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi sosai, yana ba da rarraba haske iri ɗaya.
• Daidaitawar Haɗawa:Yana da cikakkiyar daidaitawa da daidaitattun tsarin haɗawa na SMT da tsarin narkewa.
• Marufi:Ana ba da shi akan tef da reel don masana'antu ta atomatik.
• Hankalin Danshi:An ƙididdige shi a matakin Hankalin Danshi (MSL) 2.
• Yin Biyayya da Muhalli:Yana bin ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa masu haɗari) da REACH (Rajista, Kimantawa, Izini da Ƙuntata Sinadarai).
• Ma'auni na Inganci:Tsarin gwajin cancantar samfurin yana bin jagororin AEC-Q101, ma'aunin gwajin damuwa don ƙwararrun semiconductor na mota.

1.3 Kasuwa da Aikace-aikace da Ake Nufi

Babban aikace-aikacen wannan LED shineHaske Cikin Mota. Wannan ya haɗa da hasken dashboard, hasken baya na maɓalli, hasken yanayi, da sauran ayyukan haske na ciki inda dogaro, ƙaramin girman, da fitar da haske fari mai daidaito suke da mahimmanci.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani

Ana ƙayyade waɗannan ma'auni a yanayin zafin yanayi (Ts) na 25°C.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Yawanci 2.8V, tare da kewayon daga 2.5V zuwa 3.1V lokacin da aka motsa shi da ƙarfin gaba (IF) na 5mA. Ma'aunin ma'auni shine ±0.1V.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 10 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V.
• Ƙarfin Hasken (IV):Yawanci 53 millicandelas (mcd), kewayon daga 43 mcd zuwa 65 mcd a IF=5mA. Ma'aunin ma'auni shine ±10%.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Yawanci digiri 120, yana nuna tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi sosai.
• Juriya na Zafi (RθJ-S):Juriya na zafi daga mahaɗa zuwa wurin narkewa shine matsakaicin 300 °C/W. Wannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar sarrafa zafi.

2.2 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna bayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki a ko kusa da waɗannan iyakokin ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (PD):93 mW.
• Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (IF):30 mA.
• Kololuwar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (IFP):100 mA (pulsed, 1/10 aikin haɗin gwiwa, faɗin bugun jini 10ms).
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V.
• Juriya na Watsawar Tashin Lantarki (ESD):8000 V (Samfurin Jikin Mutum). An tabbatar da yawan amfanin sama da 90% a wannan matakin, amma har yanzu ana buƙatar kariya ta ESD yayin sarrafawa.
• Yanayin Aiki (TOPR):-40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Yanayin Ajiya (TSTG):-40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Matsakaicin Yanayin Mahaɗa (TJ):120°C. Dole ne a rage ƙarfin aiki na yanzu don tabbatar da cewa yanayin mahaɗa bai wuce wannan iyaka ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon shara bisa mahimman ma'auni.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF)

A gwajin ƙarfin lantarki na 5mA, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon shara na ƙarfin lantarki shida: E2 (2.5-2.6V), F1 (2.6-2.7V), F2 (2.7-2.8V), G1 (2.8-2.9V), G2 (2.9-3.0V), H1 (3.0-3.1V). Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED tare da ƙuntataccen ƙarfin lantarki don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar rarraba ƙarfin lantarki iri ɗaya a cikin layukan layi.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Hasken (IV)

A IF=5mA, an rarraba ƙarfin haske zuwa ƙungiyoyi biyu: E1 (43-53 mcd) da E2 (53-65 mcd). Wannan rarrabuwar yana taimakawa wajen cimma matakan haske iri ɗaya a cikin haɗawa.

3.3 Rarrabuwar Ma'aunin Launi

An bayyana launin haske fari ta hanyar ma'auni a kan zane na launi na CIE 1931. An bayyana manyan kwandon shara guda uku (TG1, TG2, TG3), kowanne yana ƙayyade yanki mai siffar huɗu akan ginshiƙi. An ba da ma'auni don kusurwoyin waɗannan yankuna a cikin tebur. Wannan tsarin yana tabbatar da cewa ma'anar fari ta faɗi cikin yanki mai sarrafawa, mai hasashe, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da daidaitawar launi ke da mahimmanci.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

4.1 Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa IV)

Lanƙwasa halayya yana nuna alaƙa tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (If). Ba shi da layi, na yau da kullun na diode. Lanƙwasa yana nuna cewa a wurin aiki na yau da kullun na 5mA, ƙarfin lantarki yana kusa da 2.8V. Masu ƙira suna amfani da wannan lanƙwasa don ƙayyade ƙarfin lantarki da ake buƙata don ƙarfin lantarki da ake so, wanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar masu motsa LED na ƙarfin lantarki mai dorewa.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken Dangantaka vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin lantarki. Dangantakar gabaɗaya tana da layi a ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki amma yana iya cika a manyan ƙarfin lantarki saboda tasirin zafi da inganci. Yana taimakawa wajen zaɓar ƙarfin lantarki da ya dace don cimma hasken da ake nufi yayin kiyaye inganci da tsawon rai.

4.3 Zafin Solder vs. Ƙarfin Dangantaka

Wannan jadawali (wanda aka nuna wani ɓangare) yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar juriyar LED yayin tsarin narkewa. Wataƙila yana nuna canjin fitar da haske kafin da bayan bayyanar da yanayin zafi mai yawa. Lanƙwasa mai tsayayye yana nuna ingantaccen ingancin fakitin da kwanciyar hankali na phosphor, yana tabbatar da cewa aikin bai lalace ta hanyar haɗawa ba.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin da Tolerances

Fakitin LED yana da ma'auni masu daidaito: 2.20mm (L) x 1.40mm (W) x 1.30mm (H). Duk ma'auni na ma'auni suna ±0.20mm sai dai idan an bayyana su. An ba da cikakkun bayanai na sama, gefe, da ra'ayoyin ƙasa a cikin ƙayyadaddun bayanai, suna nuna siffar ruwan tabarau, firam ɗin jagora, da alama.

5.2 Ganewar Polarity da Tsarin Solder

An bayyana cathode (tashar mara kyau) a sarari akan fakitin. An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa na narkewa (sawu) don ƙirar PCB. Yin bin wannan tsarin yana tabbatar da samuwar haɗin gwiwar solder daidai, daidaitawa, da aikin zafi yayin sake kunnawa.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Umarnin Solder na SMT Reflow

Wani sashe na musamman ya zayyana hanyoyin narkewa na SMT reflow. Duk da yake ba a cika bayyana takamaiman bayanan yanayin zafi ba a cikin abin da aka samo, wannan sashe yawanci ya haɗa da shawarwari don dumama, kololuwar zafin jiki, lokacin da ya wuce ruwa, da ƙimar sanyaya da suka dace da fakitin PLCC2 da ƙimar MSL 2. Bin waɗannan jagororin yana da mahimmanci don hana girgiza zafi, rabuwa, ko lahani na solder.

6.2 Kula da Kariya

An jaddada kariyar gabaɗaya ta sarrafawa. Muhimman abubuwa sun haɗa da:

• Kariyar ESD:Duk da babban ƙimar juriya na ESD, daidaitattun sarrafawa na ESD (tashoshin aiki na ƙasa, igiyoyin wuyan hannu) wajibi ne yayin sarrafawa don hana lalacewa a ɓoye.
• Hankalin Danshi:A matsayin na'urar MSL 2, dole ne a gasa LED idan an buɗe jakar shinge na danshi kuma abubuwan sun fallasa wa yanayin yanayi fiye da ƙayyadaddun rayuwar bene (yawanci shekara 1 a<10% RH, ko mako 1 a<60% RH) kafin sake kunnawa.
• Damuwa na Injiniya:Kauce wa yin amfani da ƙarfi mai yawa ga ruwan tabarau ko jagororin.
• Gurbatawa:Kiyaye ruwan tabarau tsafta kuma ba tare da ragowar flux ko wasu gurɓatattun abubuwa da zasu iya shafar fitar da haske ba.

7. Marufi da Dogaro

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Marufi

Ana ba da LED akan tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya da aka yi wa igiya akan reels. Ƙayyadaddun bayanai sun haɗa da cikakkun ma'auni don aljihun tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya, diamita na reel, da girman cibiyar don tabbatar da daidaitawa da daidaitattun kayan aikin sanyawa na SMT. Ƙayyadaddun sigar lakabin yana tabbatar da ganowa tare da lambobin kuri'a, lambobin sassa, da yawa.

7.2 Marufi mai Juriya da Danshi da Ajiya

Ana sanya reels a cikin jakunkuna masu shinge na danshi tare da desiccant da katin nuna danshi don kiyaye ƙimar MSL 2 yayin ajiya da sufuri.

7.3 Abubuwan Gwajin Dogaro da Yanayi

An ambaci jerin gwaje-gwajen dogaro, bisa AEC-Q101. Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen sun haɗa da Rayuwar Aiki mai Zafi (HTOL), Kewayawar Yanayin Zafi (TC), Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya mai Zafi mai Zafi (H3TRB), da sauransu. Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna tabbatar da aikin LED da tsawon rai a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi na mota.

7.4 Ma'auni don Hukunta Lalacewa

An bayyana ma'auni masu bayyanawa na wucewa/kasa. Wannan yawanci ya haɗa da duba gazawar bala'i (babu fitar da haske), canje-canjen ma'auni masu mahimmanci (misali, faɗuwar ƙarfin haske > 50%, motsi na Vf > 10%), da lahani na gani (tsage, canza launi, rabuwa).

8. Abubuwan Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

8.1 Gudanar da Zafi

Tare da juriya na zafi na 300 °C/W da matsakaicin yanayin mahaɗa na 120°C, ingantaccen nutsewar zafi yana da mahimmanci. Tsarin PCB dole ne ya samar da isasshen taimako na zafi, musamman lokacin aiki a ƙarfin lantarki sama da 5mA. Dole ne a ƙayyade matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ta hanyar auna ainihin yanayin zafin fakitin a cikin aikace-aikacen don tabbatar da Tj<120°C. Wucewa Tj max yana rage tsawon rai sosai.

8.2 Motsa Ƙarfin Lantarki

Don aiki mai tsayayye da tsawon rai, ana ba da shawarar motsa LED tare da tushen ƙarfin lantarki mai dorewa, ba ƙarfin lantarki ba. Wannan yana rama ƙarancin yanayin zafi na Vf kuma yana tabbatar da fitar da haske iri ɗaya. Ya kamata a ƙera direba bisa lanƙwasa IV da matakin haske da ake so.

8.3 Ƙirar Gani

Kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 ya sa wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi, mai watsewa maimakon katako mai mai da hankali. Don ƙarin haske mai jagora, za a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau, masu haskakawa). Ƙaramin girman fakitin yana ba da damar yin tsararrun haske mai yawa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Wannan LED ya bambanta kansa ta hanyarcancantar matakin mota (AEC-Q101). Duk da yake akwai LED fari na PLCC2 da yawa, waɗanda suka cancanta zuwa ma'auni na mota suna fuskantar ƙarin gwaji mai tsanani don matsanancin yanayin zafi, danshi, girgiza, da dogaro na dogon lokaci. Wannan ya sa ya zama zaɓin da aka fi so don aikace-aikacen cikin mota inda gazawa ba zaɓi ba ne. Haɗin kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi, ƙaramin girman, da tabbataccen dogaro a cikin yanayi mai tsanani ya zama babban fa'idar gasa akan kayan kasuwanci.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

10.1 Menene ƙarfin lantarki na aiki da ake ba da shawara?

Duk da yake matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na ci gaba shine 30mA, ana ba da bayanan gwaji da halayya na yau da kullun a 5mA. Mafi kyawun ƙarfin lantarki na aiki ya dogara da hasken da ake buƙata, ƙirar zafi, da maƙasudin tsawon rai. Don yawancin aikace-aikace, aiki tsakanin 5mA da 20mA yana ba da daidaiton fitarwa, inganci, da tsawon rai. Koyaushe koma ga lanƙwasa ragewa bisa yanayin yanayi.

10.2 Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin kwandon shara na ƙarfin lantarki?

Kwandon shara na ƙarfin lantarki (E2, F1, F2, da sauransu) suna ba ku damar zaɓar LED tare da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba iri ɗaya. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman lokacin haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya. Yin amfani da LED daga kwandon shara ɗaya ko kusa yana taimakawa tabbatar da rarraba ƙarfin lantarki iri ɗaya tsakanin su, yana haifar da haske iri ɗaya da hana wani LED ya kama ƙarfin lantarki.

10.3 Shin ana buƙatar heatsink?

Don aikin ƙaramin lantarki (misali, amfani da nuna alama 5mA), sau da yawa ba a buƙatar heatsink na musamman idan PCB ya ba da wasu zubar da tagulla don yada zafi. Don aikin ƙarfin lantarki mafi girma ko yanayin yanayi mai zafi, binciken zafi wajibi ne. Babban juriya na zafi (300°C/W) yana nufin cewa ko da ƴan milliwatts na raguwar wutar lantarki na iya haifar da hauhawar yanayin zafi a mahadar. Ingantaccen ƙirar zafi na PCB shine heatsink na farko.

11. Ƙirar Aiki da Shari'ar Amfani

Shari'a: Gungu na Hasken Dashboard

Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙira hasken baya don gungun kayan aikin mota. Suna buƙatar ƙananan LED fari masu dogaro don haskaka gumaka da ma'auni. Sun zaɓi wannan LED don cancantar AEC-Q101 da kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi. Sun ƙera PCB tare da fakitin tagulla a ƙarƙashin fakitin zafi na LED don kawar da zafi. Suna motsa ƙungiyoyin LED 3 a jere tare da direban ƙarfin lantarki mai dorewa da aka saita zuwa 15mA kowace layi, suna cimma hasken da ake so. Suna ƙayyade LED daga kwandon shara ɗaya na ƙarfin haske (E2) da kwandon shara na launi (TG2) don tabbatar da launi da haske iri ɗaya a duk faɗin gungu. Marufin tef-da-reel yana ba da damar haɗawa gabaɗaya ta atomatik akan layin SMT.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED fari ne wanda aka canza phosphor. Asalin shi ne guntu semiconductor da aka yi da kayan kamar indium gallium nitride (InGaN) wanda ke fitar da haske shuɗi lokacin da ƙarfin lantarki ya wuce ta (electroluminescence). Wannan guntu shuɗi an lulluɓe shi da Layer na phosphor rawaya (sau da yawa bisa yttrium aluminum garnet, ko YAG). Wani ɓangare na hasken shuɗi daga guntu yana sha ta hanyar phosphor kuma ana sake fitar da shi azaman haske rawaya. Sauran hasken shuɗi yana haɗuwa da hasken rawaya, kuma idon ɗan adam yana ganin wannan haɗin azaman haske fari. Ainihin inuwar fari (sanyi, tsaka-tsaki, dumi) an ƙaddara ta ta hanyar rabo na haske shuɗi zuwa rawaya, wanda aka sarrafa ta hanyar abun da ke ciki da kauri na phosphor.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Trend a cikin SMD LED don mota da haske gabaɗaya yana ci gaba zuwa:

Mafi Girman Ingantacciyar (lm/W):Rage amfani da makamashi don fitar da haske iri ɗaya.

Ingantaccen Fitar da Launi (CRI):Cimma mafi dabi'u da daidaitaccen sake samar da launi a ƙarƙashin hasken LED.

Mafi Girman Dogaro da Yawan Wutar Lantarki:Tura iyakokin yanayin aiki da yawan ƙarfin lantarki yayin kiyaye tsawon rayuwa, musamman don aikace-aikacen mota na ƙarƙashin hular ko waje.

Ƙananan Girma:Ko da ƙananan girman fakitin (misali, 1.0mm x 0.5mm) don ƙirar da ke da ƙarancin sarari.

Maganganun Haɗin kai:LED tare da ƙuntataccen juriya na shiga, diodes na Zener don kariya daga ƙarfin lantarki na baya, ko ma direbobin IC don sauƙaƙe ƙirar kewaye. Abun da aka kwatanta a nan yana wakiltar cikakkiyar, amintacciyar mafita a cikin wannan yanayin da ke canzawa.