LED Yellow 1.6x0.8x0.7mm SMD - Gabaɗaya Gaban Voltage 1.8-2.4V - Ƙarfi 72mW - Bayanan Fasaha

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan bayanin yana bayyana karamin LED mai launin rawaya mai hawa sama (Light Emitting Diode) a cikin marufi 1.6mm x 0.8mm x 0.7mm. An yi shi ta amfani da guntu rawaya kuma an tsara shi don nuni na gani na gabaɗaya, sauya, alamomi, da nunawa. Na'urar tana da kusurwar kallo mai fadi sosai na digiri 140, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar rarraba haske iri ɗaya. Ya dace da dukkan hanyoyin haɗawa na SMT da solder, ya bi ka'idojin RoHS, kuma yana da matakin hankali na danshi na 3.

1.1 Fasaloli

• Kusurwar kallo mai fadi sosai (2θ1/2 = 140° na al'ada)
• Ya dace da dukkan hanyoyin haɗawa na SMT da solder
• Matakin hankali na danshi: Mataki 3
• Yarda da RoHS

1.2 Aikace-aikace

• Manunoni na gani
• Sauya, alamomi, da nunawa
• Haske gabaɗaya da sigina

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogin Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Lantarki/Gani (a Ts=25°C, IF=20mA)

An rarraba gaban gabaɗaya zuwa bins uku: B0 (1.8–2.0V), C0 (2.0–2.2V), da D0 (2.2–2.4V). Tsawon tsarin haske yana samuwa a cikin bins biyu: 2K (585–590nm) da 2L (590–595nm). An rarraba ƙarfin haske zuwa bins biyar: F20 (80–100mcd), G10 (100–120mcd), G20 (120–150mcd), H10 (150–180mcd), da H20 (180–230mcd). Lura cewa babu wani zaɓaɓɓen lambar bin da ke nuna cikakken kewayo. Dukkan ma'auni ana yin su a ƙarƙashin yanayi daidaitattu.

2.2 Matsakaicin Matsayi na Ƙarshe

Dole ne a kula kada a wuce waɗannan matsayi. Hakurin ma'auni na gaban gabaɗaya shine ±0.1V, hakurin tsawon tsarin haske ±2nm, da hakurin ƙarfin haske ±10%. Lokacin aiki, yakamata a yanke shawarar matsakaicin halin yanzu bayan auna zazzabin marufi don tabbatar da cewa zazzabin junction bai wuce 95°C ba.

3. Tsarin Binning

LED an rarraba shi don gaban gabaɗaya, tsawon tsarin haske, da ƙarfin haske don ba da damar aiki daidai a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar juriya. Lambobin bin an buga su a kan lakabin kuma ana amfani da su don ganewar oda. Masu bin diddigin suna samuwa kamar haka:

• Gaban Gabaɗaya: B0 (1.8-2.0V), C0 (2.0-2.2V), D0 (2.2-2.4V)
• Tsawon Tsarin Haske: 2K (585-590nm), 2L (590-595nm)
• Ƙarfin Haske: F20 (80-100mcd), G10 (100-120mcd), G20 (120-150mcd), H10 (150-180mcd), H20 (180-230mcd)

Ya kamata abokan ciniki su fayyace lambobin bin da ake so lokacin yin oda don tabbatar da daidaitaccen launi da haske.

4. Bincike na Kwatancen Aiki

An samar da kwatancen halayen gani na al'ada don taimakawa masu tsarawa su fahimci halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Mahimman kwatance sun haɗa da:

• Gaban Gabaɗaya vs. Gaban Gabaɗaya (Fig 1-6):Yana nuna alaƙar tashin hankali tsakanin VF da IF. A 20mA, VF yawanci kusan 2.0V ne (dangane da bin).
• Gaban Gabaɗaya vs. Ƙarfi na Dangi (Fig 1-7):Ƙarfin haske na dangi yana ƙaruwa kusan madaidaiciya tare da gaban gabaɗaya har zuwa 30mA.
• Zazzabin Pin vs. Ƙarfi na Dangi (Fig 1-8):Yayin da zazzabin haɗin solder ya tashi, ƙarfin haske yana raguwa. A zazzabin pin na 85°C, ƙarfin dangi na iya faɗi zuwa kusan 80% na darajar 25°C.
• Zazzabin Pin vs. Gaban Gabaɗaya (Fig 1-9):Gaban gabaɗaya yana raguwa kaɗan tare da ƙaruwar zazzabi, kusan -2mV/°C.
• Gaban Gabaɗaya vs. Tsawon Tsarin Haske (Fig 1-10):Ƙara yawan halin yanzu yana haifar da ɗan canji a tsawon tsarin haske (ja). A 30mA, canjin yawanci 1-2nm ne.
• Ƙarfi na Dangi vs. Tsawon Tsarin Haske (Fig 1-11):Rarraba bakan ya nuna kololuwa kusa da 590nm tare da faɗin band kusan 15nm.
• Tsarin Radiation (Fig 1-12):LED yana fitar da haske a cikin babban tsarin lambertian tare da rabin kusurwa na kusan 70° (kusurwar kallo 140°). Ƙarfin a 70° kusan rabin na a 0° ne.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Marufi

5.1 Girman Marufi

Marufin LED yana auna 1.6mm × 0.8mm × 0.7mm. Duban sama yana nuna yankin fitar haske (guntu LED) a tsakiya. Duban ƙasa yana nuna kushin solder guda biyu: kushin 1 (anode) ya fi girma kuma kushin 2 (cathode) ya fi ƙanƙanta. An nuna polarity ta hanyar chamfer ko alama a kan marufi. Tsarin soldering da aka ba da shawara (sawun) shine 0.8mm × 2.4mm tare da tazarar 0.8mm tsakanin kushin. Dukkan ma'auni a cikin millimeters ne tare da haƙuri na ±0.2mm sai dai in an lura.

5.2 Gano Polarity

Gefen cathode yawanci ana yi masa alama da ɗan ƙaramin notch ko dige. A cikin duban ƙasa, kushin cathode ya fi ƙanƙanta kuma yana gefe ɗaya da alamar polarity. Daidaitaccen shugabanci yana da mahimmanci don aiki mai kyau.

6. Jagororin Soldering & Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Zazzabin Reflow Soldering

An ba da shawarar bayanin zazzabin reflow soldering kamar haka:

• Matsakaicin hawan hawa: max 3°C/s (daga Tsmin zuwa Tp)
• Preheat: 150°C zuwa 200°C, 60-120 seconds
• Lokaci sama da 217°C (TL): max 60 seconds
• Matsayi mafi girma (Tp): 260°C, max 10 seconds
• Lokaci a cikin 5°C na Tp: max 30 seconds
• Matsakaicin sanyaya: max 6°C/s
• Lokaci daga 25°C zuwa Tp: max 8 mintuna

Kada a yi reflow soldering fiye da sau biyu. Idan fiye da sa'o'i 24 suka wuce tsakanin ayyukan soldering guda biyu, dole ne a gasa LEDs don cire danshi. Solder na hannu (tare da ƙarfe) ya kamata a yi a ≤300°C na ƙasa da 3 seconds, sau ɗaya kawai.

6.2 Tsare-tsare na Ajiya da Gudanarwa

Kafin buɗe jakar shingen danshi, adana a ≤30°C da ≤75% RH har zuwa shekara guda daga ranar kera. Bayan buɗewa, dole ne a yi amfani da LEDs a cikin sa'o'i 168 a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Idan lokacin bayyanawa ya wuce ko desiccant ya dushe, gasa a 60±5°C na akalla sa'o'i 24. Ka guji danniya na injiniya, sanyaya da sauri, da kuma lanƙwasa PCB bayan soldering. Kada a sayar da LED a kan PCB mara kyau. Kada a yi amfani da ƙarfi ko girgiza yayin sanyaya.

7. Bayanin Marufi & Oda

7.1 Bayanin Marufi

Marufi na yau da kullun: 4,000 guda a kowace reel. Tepe na ɗaukar kaya yana da faɗi 8.0mm, tazara 4.0mm, kuma ya haɗa da tepe na sama. Girman reel: diamita 178±1mm, faɗi 8.0±0.1mm, diamita hub 60±1mm, da diamitar ramin spindle 13.0±0.5mm.

7.2 Bayanin Lakabi

Lakabin da ke kan reel da jakar shingen danshi yana ƙunshe da filaye masu zuwa: Lambar Sashi, Lambar Spec, Lambar Kuri'a, Lambar Bin (don flux, chromaticity, gaban gabaɗaya, tsawon tsarin haske), Yawa, da Kwanan wata. Misalin tsarin lakabi ana nuna shi a cikin bayanan fasaha.

7.3 Marufi Mai Juriya na Danshi

Ana sanya reels a cikin jakar shingen danshi tare da desiccant da katin nuna danshi, sannan a rufe. Ana amfani da akwati na kwali na waje don jigilar kaya. Akwatin ya haɗa da lakabi tare da bayanin samfur da tsare-tsare na gudanarwa don na'urori masu hankali na lantarki.

8. Jagororin Aikace-aikace

Aikace-aikace na yau da kullun na wannan LED rawaya sun haɗa da:

• Manunoni na matsayi akan kayan lantarki na masu amfani (misali, kunna wuta, aikin cibiyar sadarwa)
• Hasken baya don sauya da alamomi
• Fitilun sigina a cikin na'urorin sarrafa masana'antu
• Hasken ciki na mota (mara mahimmanci)
• Hasken ado na gabaɗaya

La'akari da ƙira:

• Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu don hana wuce gona da iri na gaban gabaɗaya.
• Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci; tabbatar da isasshen zafi ko yankin jan ƙarfe na PCB don kiyaye zazzabin junction ƙasa da 95°C.
• Ka guji wutar lantarki mai juyawa (VR > 5V) saboda yana iya haifar da ƙaura da lalacewa.
• Yanayi ya kamata ya iyakance mahadi na sulfur zuwa<100ppm da abun ciki na halogen (<900ppm kowannensu na Br da Cl,<1500ppm duka) don hana lalata da canza launin LED.
• Kada a yi amfani da adhesives ko kayan da ke fitar da mahadi masu ƙanshi (VOCs) waɗanda zasu iya kai hari ga silicone encapsulant kuma su haifar da raguwar ƙarfin haske.

9. Kwatanta Fasaha

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LED rawaya 0603 (1.6×0.8mm), wannan na'urar tana ba da kusurwar kallo mai fadi (140° vs na al'ada 120°) da kuma bin tsawon tsarin haske mai tsauri (±2.5nm) don launi mai daidaito. Tsayin marufi na 0.7mm ya dace da ƙira mai ƙarancin bayyana. Juriyar zafi na 450°C/W yana da matsakaici; masu tsarawa yakamata su samar da isasshen yankin jan ƙarfe don watsar da zafi. Matsayin ESD na 2kV (HBM) yana tabbatar da ƙarfi mai kyau a cikin gudanarwa.

10. Tambayoyi da Amsoshi

1. Q: Menene shawarar gaban gabaɗaya don ingantaccen aiki?A: Yanayin gwaji na al'ada shine 20mA. Aiki a 20mA yana ba da daidaito tsakanin haske da amfani da wutar lantarki.
2. Q: Zan iya fitar da wannan LED a 30mA akai-akai?A: Ee, 30mA shine matsakaicin gaban gabaɗaya mai ci gaba, amma tabbatar cewa zazzabin junction bai wuce 95°C ba. Ana buƙatar rage daraja a yanayin zafi mai girma.
3. Q: Yaya zan fassara lambobin bin a kan lakabin?A: Lambobin bin suna nuna gaban gabaɗaya (B0, C0, D0), tsawon tsarin haske (2K, 2L), da ƙarfin haske (F20, G10, da dai sauransu). Lakabi na al'ada na iya nuna: VF=B0, WLD=2K, IV=G10.
4. Q: Menene rayuwar ajiya bayan buɗe jakar shingen danshi?A: Dole ne a yi amfani da LEDs a cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) idan an adana su a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. In ba haka ba, ana buƙatar gasa.
5. Q: Shin wannan LED zai iya jure wa wave soldering?A: Bayanan fasaha sun nuna reflow soldering kawai. Wave soldering baya da shawara saboda haɗarin girgizar zafi da danniya na injiniya.

11. Misalan Ƙira

Misali 1: Manuni na matsayi tare da halin yanzu akai-akai.Yi amfani da resistor a jerin tare da samar da 5V. Don IF=20mA da VF=2.0V (na al'ada), darajar resistor shine (5-2)/0.02 = 150Ω. Ƙarfin haske a cikin resistor shine 0.02²×150 ≈ 60mW, yi amfani da resistor 0805 ko mafi girma.

Misali 2: LEDs da yawa a layi daya.Kowane LED dole ne ya sami resistor nasa a jerin don tabbatar da daidaitaccen raba halin yanzu. Kada a haɗa su kai tsaye a layi daya ba tare da resistor na kowane ɗaya ba.

Misali 3: Ƙirar zafi.Idan zazzabin yanayi shine 60°C kuma jimlar ƙarfin haske shine 72mW, hawan zazzabin junction sama da yanayi shine Pd × Rth = 0.072W × 450°C/W = 32.4°C. Zazzabin Junction = 60 + 32.4 = 92.4°C, wanda ke ƙasa da matsakaicin 95°C. Isasshen yankin jan ƙarfe na PCB yana da mahimmanci don cimma juriyar zafi da aka kayyade.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED rawaya ya dogara ne akan guntu semiconductor da aka yi daga Gallium Arsenide Phosphide (GaAsP) ko kayan kamanceceniya da aka lalata da nitrogen don samar da haske rawaya. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da gaban gabaɗaya a kan p-n junction, electrons da holes suna sake haɗuwa da haske, suna fitar da photons tare da makamashi daidai da bandgap. Tsawon tsarin haske na kololuwa yana kusan 590nm, wanda yake rawaya ga idon mutum. Ƙananan faɗin bakan (~15nm) yana ba da gudummawa ga kyakkyawan cikar launi.

13. Hanyoyin Ci Gaba

LEDs masu hawa sama suna ci gaba da raguwa cikin girman yayin da suke kiyaye ko inganta haske. Don marufi 0603, ƙarfin haske wanda ya wuce 200mcd a 20mA yanzu ya zama ruwan dare. Ci gaba na gaba sun haɗa da ingantaccen aiki ta hanyar ingantattun tsarin guntu (misali, ƙirar multi-quantum well) da ingantaccen gudanar da zafi. Yanayin zuwa ƙarami da haske mafi girma zai ci gaba, wanda aikace-aikace a cikin na'urori masu sawa da lantarki masu ɗaukar hoto suka motsa.