Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfurin
- 1.1 Siffofi
- 1.2 Aikace-aikace
- 2. Bayani mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha
- 2.1 Halayen Lantarki (a Ts=25°C, IF=50mA)
- 2.2 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Matsayi
- 3. Tsarin Rarraba Bins
- 3.1 Bins na Ƙarfin Lantarki (VF a IF=50mA)
- 3.2 Bins na Ƙarfin Haske (IV a IF=50mA)
- 3.3 Bins na Wavelength (λD a IF=50mA)
- 4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Ayyuka
- 4.1 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Gaba (Hoto 1-7)
- 4.2 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Haske Mai Dangantaka (Hoto 1-8)
- 4.3 Zafin Ƙarshen Haɗi vs. Ƙarfin Dangantaka (Hoto 1-9)
- 4.4 Zafin Solder vs. Ƙarfin Gaba (Hoto 1-10)
- 4.5 Canjin Ƙarfin Lantarki vs. Zafin Ƙarshen Haɗi (Hoto 1-11)
- 4.6 Tsarin Radiation (Hoto 1-12)
- 4.7 Canjin Wavelength vs. Zafin Ƙarshen Haɗi (Hoto 1-13)
- 4.8 Rarraba Bakan (Hoto 1-14)
- 5. Bayanan Mechanical da Kunshin
- 5.1 Girman Kunshin
- 5.2 Ganin Polarity
- 6. Jagoran Solder da Hada
- 6.1 Bayanin Solder na Reflow
- 6.2 Solder da Hannu
- 6.3 Kariya Mu'amala
- 7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda
- 8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace
- 9. Kwatancen Fasaha
- 10. Tambayoyi masu Yawanci
- 11. Misalan Aikace-aikace na Aiki
- 12. Bayanin Ka'ida
- 13. Hanyoyin Ci gaba
- Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
- Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
- Ma'auni na Lantarki
- Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
- Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
- Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
- Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
1. Bayanin Samfurin
REFOND RF-YMRA30TS-AB-G LED rawaya ce mai ƙarfin aiki bisa fasahar substrate AlGaInP. An haɗa shi a cikin kunshin PLCC4 mai girma 3.50mm x 2.80mm x 1.85mm, wannan LED an tsara shi don aikace-aikacen mota da masana'antu masu buƙata. Yana ba da iyakar wavelength 584.5nm zuwa 594.5nm, yana ba da haske rawaya. Tare da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi na digiri 120, yana tabbatar da ganuwa mai kyau da rarraba haske daidai.
1.1 Siffofi
- Kunshin PLCC4 na sama-mount don hada hoto ta atomatik
- Kusurwar kallo mai faɗi sosai 120°
- Ya dace da duk hanyoyin hada SMT da soldering
- Ana samuwa a kan tef da reel don samar da yawa
- Matsayin laushi na damshi 2 (MSL2)
- Ya bi ka'idojin RoHS kuma ya cancanta da AEC-Q102 don amincin mota
1.2 Aikace-aikace
- Hasken ciki da waje na mota (misali, alamomin dashboard, alamomin juyawa, fitilun baya)
- Alamomin maɓalli da na'urorin sarrafawa
2. Bayani mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha
2.1 Halayen Lantarki (a Ts=25°C, IF=50mA)
Ƙarfin Gaba (VF):Ƙima ta yau da kullun daga 2.0V zuwa 2.6V. Wannan ƙarfin gaba mai rauni yana ba da damar aiki mai inganci a cikin da'irori masu ƙarancin lantarki. Hakurin auna shine ±0.1V.
Ƙarfin Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 10µA a VR=5V, yana nuna ingancin gyara mai kyau da ƙarancin zubewa.
Wavelength Babba (λD):584.5nm zuwa 594.5nm, yana rufe bakan rawaya. Hakurin ±0.005nm.
Ƙarfin Haske (IV):Ya bambanta daga 1800mcd zuwa 3500mcd a 50mA, yana ba da haske mai girma don alamomi da aikace-aikacen sigina. Hakurin ±10%.
Kusurwar Kallo (2θ1/2):Digiri 120 na yau da kullun, yana tabbatar da rarraba haske mai faɗi don fitilun mota.
Juriyar Zafi (Ƙarshen Haɗi zuwa Solder):Juriyar zafi na gaske 94°C/W na yau da kullun (matsakaici 105°C/W), juriyar zafi na lantarki 80°C/W na yau da kullun (matsakaici 90°C/W). Ƙarancin juriyar zafi yana taimakawa kula da zafin ƙarshen haɗi a ƙarƙashin aiki mai yawan halin yanzu.
2.2 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Matsayi
Ƙarfin Haske (PD):Matsakaicin 196mW. Yin wuce gona da iri na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin.
Ƙarfin Gaba (IF):70mA ci gaba, 100mA kololuwa (1/10 sake zagayowar aiki, tsawon bugun 10ms). Dole ne a rage halin yanzu na aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma kamar yadda aka nuna a lanƙwasan zafin solder vs. halin yanzu na gaba.
Ƙarfin Baya (VR):Matsakaicin 5V. Ya kamata a guji juyar da ƙarfin lantarki a cikin ƙirar da'ira.
ESD (HBM):2000V, yana buƙatar matakan kariya na ESD yayin mu'amala.
Zafin Aiki (TOPR):-40°C zuwa +100°C.
Zafin Ajiya (TSTG):-40°C zuwa +100°C.
Zafin Ƙarshen Haɗi (TJ):Matsakaicin 120°C. Dole ne sarrafa zafi ya tabbatar da bai wuce wannan iyaka ba.
3. Tsarin Rarraba Bins
Ana rarraba RF-YMRA30TS-AB-G zuwa bins don ƙarfin gaba, ƙarfin haske, da wavelength babba don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace-aikace.
3.1 Bins na Ƙarfin Lantarki (VF a IF=50mA)
| Lambar Bin | Matsayin VF (V) |
|---|---|
| C1 | 2.0-2.1 |
| C2 | 2.1-2.2 |
| D1 | 2.2-2.3 |
| D2 | 2.3-2.4 |
| E1 | 2.4-2.5 |
| E2 | 2.5-2.6 |
3.2 Bins na Ƙarfin Haske (IV a IF=50mA)
| Lambar Bin | Matsayin IV (mcd) |
|---|---|
| N1 | 1800-2300 |
| N2 | 2300-2800 |
| O1 | 2800-3500 |
3.3 Bins na Wavelength (λD a IF=50mA)
| Lambar Bin | Matsayin λD (nm) |
|---|---|
| A2 | 584.5-587 |
| B1 | 587-589.5 |
| B2 | 589.5-592 |
| C1 | 592-594.5 |
Kowane LED an yi masa alama da lambar bin a kan lakabin, yana ba da damar abokan ciniki su zaɓi takamaiman bins don daidaito na launi ko daidaita ƙarfi.
4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Ayyuka
4.1 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Gaba (Hoto 1-7)
Yayin da halin yanzu na gaba yana ƙaruwa daga 0 zuwa 70mA, ƙarfin gaba yana ƙaruwa sosai daga kusan 1.8V zuwa 2.6V. A 50mA (matsayin aiki na yau da kullun), VF kusan 2.3V ne. Wannan lanƙwasa tana taimaka wa masu zane su kiyasta faɗuwar lantarki da ɓatar da ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin halin yanzu daban-daban.
4.2 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Haske Mai Dangantaka (Hoto 1-8)
Haske mai dangantaka yana ƙaruwa kusan daidai gwargwado tare da halin yanzu na gaba har zuwa 50mA, sannan ya fara cika. A 70mA, haske mai dangantaka yana kusan 130% na ƙimar a 50mA. Don aiki mai inganci, ana ba da shawarar tuƙi a 50mA don daidaita haske da sarrafa zafi.
4.3 Zafin Ƙarshen Haɗi vs. Ƙarfin Dangantaka (Hoto 1-9)
Yayin da zafin ƙarshen haɗi ya tashi daga -40°C zuwa +120°C, ƙarfin dangantaka yana raguwa a hankali. A 100°C, ƙarfin ya faɗi zuwa kusan 80% na ƙimar a 25°C. Wannan rage zafi yana da mahimmanci ga yanayin zafi mai girma na mota.
4.4 Zafin Solder vs. Ƙarfin Gaba (Hoto 1-10)
Dole ne a rage matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka yarda lokacin da zafin solder ya wuce 25°C. A 100°C, matsakaicin halin yanzu kusan 30mA ne. Bukatar shigar da zafi mai kyau don kula da iyawar halin yanzu.
4.5 Canjin Ƙarfin Lantarki vs. Zafin Ƙarshen Haɗi (Hoto 1-11)
Ƙarfin gaba yana raguwa daidai gwargwado tare da ƙaruwar zafin ƙarshen haɗi a yawan kusan -2mV/°C. A 100°C, VF ya faɗi da kusan 0.2V idan aka kwatanta da -40°C. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan ƙimar zafin mara kyau a cikin da'irori masu tuƙi masu ci gaba.
4.6 Tsarin Radiation (Hoto 1-12)
LED yana nuna tsarin radiation mai daidaitacce tare da rabin kusurwa 60° (kusurwar kallo 120°). Ƙarfin dangantaka 100% ne a 0°, yana raguwa zuwa 50% a ±60°. Wannan rarraba mai kama da Lambertian yana tabbatar da haske daidai a aikace-aikacen alamomi.
4.7 Canjin Wavelength vs. Zafin Ƙarshen Haɗi (Hoto 1-13)
Wavelength babba yana canzawa zuwa dogon wavelength yayin da zafi ya ƙaru, a kusan +0.1nm/°C. A kan cikakken kewayon zafi (-40°C zuwa +120°C), canjin zai iya kaiwa 8nm, wanda zai iya shafar daidaito na launi a tsarin LED da yawa.
4.8 Rarraba Bakan (Hoto 1-14)
Bakan ya tashi a kusan 590nm tare da cikakken nisa a rabin matsakaici (FWHM) na kusan 20nm. Fitarwa tana da kunkuntar kuma an bayyana shi a cikin yankin rawaya, yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar launi.
5. Bayanan Mechanical da Kunshin
5.1 Girman Kunshin
Kunshin PLCC4 yana da tsayi 3.50mm, faɗi 2.80mm, da tsawo 1.85mm (duk ma'auni ±0.05mm). Duban sama yana nuna jiki rectangular tare da alamar polarity. Duban ƙasa yana nuna filaye huɗu na solder: Pad 1 (cathode, alama da yanke kusurwa), Pad 2 (anode), Pad 3 (auxiliary cathode), da Pad 4 (auxiliary anode). An nuna polarity a sarari. Tsarin soldering da aka ba da shawara (Hoto 1-5) yana da girman pad 0.80mm x 0.70mm tare da tazara 2.20mm da sawun gabaɗaya 4.60mm x 2.60mm.
5.2 Ganin Polarity
Ana nuna gefen cathode ta hanyar yankan kusurwa a kan kunshin. Duban sama yana nuna alamar polarity (tab) yana nuna cathode. Dole ne a tabbatar da daidaitaccen daidaitawa yayin hada PCB.
6. Jagoran Solder da Hada
6.1 Bayanin Solder na Reflow
Bayani na reflow da aka ba da shawara (Hoto 3-1) yana bin yanayin JEDEC na yau da kullun. Maɓallan ma'auni: matsakaicin hawan haya ≤3°C/s, preheat daga 150°C zuwa 200°C na 60-120 seconds, lokaci sama da 217°C: matsakaicin 60 seconds, zafin kololuwa 260°C tare da lokacin zama a cikin 5°C na kololuwa na matsakaicin 10 seconds, saukar da sanyi ≤6°C/s. Jimlar lokaci daga 25°C zuwa kololuwa ≤8 minutes. Solder na reflow bai kamata ya wuce passes biyu ba; idan fiye da 24 hours tsakanin passes, ana buƙatar baking.
6.2 Solder da Hannu
Lokacin yin solder da hannu, yi amfani da ƙarfe mai zafi a ≤300°C na ƙasa da 3 seconds, kuma kawai a yi solder sau ɗaya a kowace haɗi.
6.3 Kariya Mu'amala
- Kada a yi amfani da matsi na injiniya a kan saman silicone encapsulant yayin hada.
- Ka guji hawa a kan warped PCBs ko lanƙwasa allo bayan soldering.
- Kada a yi amfani da ƙarfi ko girgiza yayin sanyaya.
- Yi amfani da kayan aikin ɗauka masu dacewa; ka guji taɓa saman lens kai tsaye.
7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda
Marufi: 2000 guda a kowane reel. Tebur na ɗaukar hoto (Hoto 2-1) yana da tazarar ramin sprocket 4.00mm, tazarar aljihun kayan aiki 8.0mm, da faɗi 12mm. Reel (Tebur 2-1) yana da diamita na waje 178mm, diamita na ciki 60mm, diamita na hub 13mm. Kowane reel an rufe shi a cikin jakar hana damshi tare da silica gel da katin nuna damshi (MSL2). Lakabi sun haɗa da lambar yanki, lambar spec, lambar lot, lambobin bin (VF, IV, WLD), adadi, da lambar kwanan wata.
Marufin akwatin kwali yana kare reels yayin jigilar kaya.
8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace
Hasken mota:Cancantar AEC-Q102 ya sa wannan LED ya dace da ciki (ambient, karatun haske) da waje (alamomin juyawa, fitilun tsayawa, fitilun baya) na mota. Don amfani a waje, tabbatar da sarrafa zafi mai kyau saboda yanayin zafi mai girma.
Hasken maɓalli:Tare da kusurwar kallo 120°, ya dace da hasken baya na maɓalli da alamun sarrafawa.
La'akari da ƙira:Yi amfani da resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu masu dacewa. Yi aiki a 50mA don haske na yau da kullun. Tabbatar cewa an tsara pads na zafi na PCB don watsar da zafi (thermal pad a ƙasa). Ka guji juyar da lantarki da ESD. Don yanayin sulfur mai yawa, tabbatar da dacewa da kayan aiki (sulfur content <100ppm, bromine+chlorine <1500ppm).<100ppm, bromine+chlorine<1500ppm).
9. Kwatancen Fasaha
Idan aka kwatanta da al'adun LED da aka rufe da epoxy, wannan kunshin PLCC4 tare da rufin silicone yana ba da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na zafi mai girma da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi. Chip AlGaInP yana ba da inganci mai girma a cikin bakan rawaya tare da ƙarancin raguwar zafi. Cancantar mota tana tabbatar da aminci mafi girma fiye da LED na kasuwanci na yau da kullun, musamman a ƙarƙashin girgiza da zagayowar zafi.
10. Tambayoyi masu Yawanci
Tamb: Menene halin yanzu da ake ba da shawara don tsawon rai?
Amsa: 50mA na yau da kullun; rage sama da 25°C zafin solder.
Tamb: Zan iya tuƙi wannan LED da tushen lantarki mai ci gaba?
Amsa: Ba a ba da shawara ba tare da resistor a jere ba saboda ƙimar zafin mara kyau. Yi amfani da halin yanzu mai ci gaba ko resistor.
Tamb: Menene rayuwar ajiya?
Amsa: Shekara 1 a cikin jakar da ba a buɗe ba a ≤30°C, ≤75%RH. Bayan buɗewa, yi amfani da shi cikin 24 hours ko gasa a 60°C na 24h.
Tamb: Yaya za a tsaftace LED bayan soldering?
Amsa: Yi amfani da isopropyl alcohol. Kada a yi amfani da ultrasonic cleaning.
Tamb: Shin LED yana jure sulfur?
Amsa: Ka guji fallasa sulfur da halogen fiye da ƙayyadaddun iyaka kamar yadda aka bayyana a kariyar mu'amala.
11. Misalan Aikace-aikace na Aiki
Fitilar baya ta mota:Matrix na waɗannan LED rawaya da ake amfani da su don ayyukan alamar juyawa, ana tuƙi su a 50mA kowanne, tare da thermal vias a kan PCB da aluminum core board don watsar da zafi. Sun sami daidaitaccen launi da ƙarfi sun cika ka'idojin ECE R6.
Alamar dashboard:Ana amfani da ita azaman fitilar faɗakarwa, tare da halin yanzu 30mA don rage haske, yana tabbatar da haske mara kyau. Kusurwar kallo mai faɗi yana ba da damar gani daga wurare da yawa.
12. Bayanin Ka'ida
LED rawaya ta dogara ne akan tsarin kayan semiconductor bandgap kai tsaye AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide). Yadudduka na epitaxial ana girma a kan substrate GaAs. Tsarin rijiyoyi na quantum yana fitar da photons masu kuzari daidai da haske rawaya (kusan 590nm). An rufe chip ɗin da silicone don kare wayoyi da kuma haɓaka fitar da haske. Kunshin PLCC4 yana ba da hanyoyin zafi da lantarki ta hanyar leadframe.
13. Hanyoyin Ci gaba
A cikin hasken mota, yanayin yana zuwa ga ƙananan kunshin tare da ƙarin ingancin haske da aminci mai tsawo. Wannan LED ya cika ma'aunin AEC-Q102, wanda ke zama dole ga LED na mota. Ci gaba na gaba na iya haɗawa da ƙarin daidaitaccen bin don daidaiton launi da ingantaccen aikin zafi ta amfani da ci-gaba na die attach da ƙirar kunshin. Bukatar LED rawaya a cikin fitilun haɗin baya na mota yana ci gaba da girma tare da ɗaukar sigina na tushen LED.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |