Bayanin LED na SMD Mai launin rawaya - 2.0x1.25x0.7mm - Ƙarfin lantarki 1.8-2.4V - Ƙarfin wuta 72mW - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakken bayanin LED mai launin rawaya mai hawa a saman, wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani. An ƙera na'urar ta amfani da guntu na semiconductor mai launin rawaya kuma an tattara shi a cikin ƙaramin fakitin, wanda ya sa ya dace da ƙirar da ke da ƙarancin sarari waɗanda ke buƙatar alamun gani masu dogaro.

1.1 Bayanin Gabaɗaya

LED ɗin diode ne mai fitar da haske mai launin rawaya wanda ya dogara da guntu na hasken rawaya. Manyan girmansa sune tsawon 2.0mm, faɗin 1.25mm, da tsayin 0.7mm. Wannan ƙaramin siffa yana ba da damar sanya shi cikin yawa akan allunan da'ira (PCBs).

1.2 Siffofi

• Kusurwar kallo mai faɗi sosai don kyakkyawan gani daga wurare daban-daban.
• Ya dace gaba ɗaya da daidaitattun hanyoyin haɗawa da na'urori na SMT (Fasahar Hawa a Sama).
• Matakin Hatsarin Danshi (MSL): Mataki na 3, yana nuna takamaiman buƙatun sarrafawa da adanawa don hana lalacewa saboda danshi yayin reflow.
• Ya bi ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hatsari), yana tabbatar da cewa ba shi da takamaiman kayan haɗari kamar gubar da mercury.

1.3 Aikace-aikace

Wannan LED ɗin yana da amfani da yawa kuma ana iya amfani dashi a aikace-aikace da yawa, gami da amma ba'a iyakance ga:

• Alamun matsayi da wuta a cikin na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, na'urori, da kayan aikin masana'antu.
• Hasken baya don maɓalli, alamomi, da ƙananan nuni.
• Fitilun nuni na gabaɗaya inda ake buƙatar siginar rawaya.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na ainihi game da mahimman halayen aikin LED a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ts=25°C).

2.1 Halayen Lantarki & Na Gani

Babban aikin ya ƙunshi ma'auni masu mahimmanci da yawa da aka auna a cikin halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 20mA.

• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λD):Yana bayyana launin da ake gani. Ana ba da wannan samfurin a cikin kwandon shara: 2K (585-590nm) da 2L (590-595nm), suna samar da launin rawaya.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Ragewar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED yayin aiki. An raba shi zuwa rukuni uku: B0 (1.8-2.0V), C0 (2.0-2.2V), da D0 (2.2-2.4V). Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da wannan kewayon lokacin ƙirar da'irori masu tuƙi.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (IV):Adadin hasken da ake iya gani. Ana samunsa a cikin kwandon shara masu ƙarfi da yawa: 1AP (90-120 mcd), G20 (120-150 mcd), 1AW (150-200 mcd), da 1AT (200-260 mcd).
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ1/2):Kusurwa mai faɗi sosai na digiri 140, yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya ganin LED daga wurare daban-daban.
• Rarraban Tsawon Zango (Δλ):Kimanin 15nm, yana nuna tsaftar hasken rawaya.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 10 μA a ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V, wanda kuma shine yanayin gwaji don rarrabawa.
• Juriya na Zafi (RθJ-S):Juriya na zafi daga mahaɗa zuwa wurin gyaɗa shine ≤450 °C/W. Wannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci ga sarrafa zafi, saboda yana shafar matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka yarda da shi bisa yanayin muhalli.

2.2 Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke

Waɗannan su ne iyakokin damuwa waɗanda bayan su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki a ko kusa da waɗannan iyakokin don dogon lokaci mai dogaro.

• Rushewar Wuta (Pd):72 mW
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba na Ci gaba (IF):30 mA
• Kololuwar Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IFP):60 mA (a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini: faɗin bugun 0.1ms, zagayowar aiki 1/10)
• Zubar da Lantarki Mai Tsauri (ESD) HBM:2000V
• Yanayin Zafin Aiki (Topr):-40°C zuwa +85°C
• Yanayin Zafin Ajiya (Tstg):-40°C zuwa +85°C
• Matsakaicin Yanayin Zafin Mahada (Tj):95°C. Wannan babban ƙuntatawa ne; Dole ne a ƙayyade ainihin matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba a aikace ta hanyar auna zafin fakitin don tabbatar da cewa ba a wuce Tj ba.

Mahimman Bayanan Kula:An ƙayyade iyakokin aunawa: Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (±0.1V), Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (±2nm), Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (±10%). Ana yin duk gwajin a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayi.

3. Binciken Lanƙwasa na Aiki

Waɗannan lanƙwasan halaye suna ba da haske game da halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

3.1 Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba (Lanƙwasa IV)

Lanƙwasa tana nuna alaƙar da ba ta da layi tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki da halin yanzu. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, yawanci yana farawa kusan 1.8V-2.4V a 20mA kamar yadda aka raba shi a cikin kwandon shara. Wannan lanƙwasa tana da mahimmanci don zaɓar masu juriya masu iyakance halin yanzu ko masu tuƙi na halin yanzu na akai.

3.2 Matsakaicin Ƙarfi vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba

Wannan jadawalin yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu na gaba. Gabaɗaya yana ƙasa da layi; ninka halin yanzu baya ninka fitar da haske kuma yana ƙara samar da zafi. Yin aiki a ko ƙasa da shawarar 20mA yana da kyau don inganci da tsawon rai.

3.3 Matsakaicin Ƙarfi vs. Yanayin Zafin Muhalli

Fitar da hasken LED yana raguwa yayin da yanayin zafi (ko fil) ya tashi. Wannan tasirin kashe zafi shine ainihin dukiyar semiconductors. Lanƙwasa tana nuna matsakaicin ƙarfin yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru daga 0°C zuwa 100°C, yana nuna mahimmancin sarrafa zafi don daidaitaccen haske.

3.4 Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Yanayin Zafin Fil

Wannan lanƙwasa tana kwatanta tasirin dumama kai. Ga wani halin yanzu na gaba, yanayin zafin fil yana tashi. Yana jaddada buƙatar rage matsakaicin halin yanzu na aiki a cikin yanayin yanayin zafi mai girma don hana wuce matsakaicin yanayin zafin mahada.

4. Bayanin Injiniya & Fakitin

4.1 Girman Fakitin

LED ɗin yana da ƙaramin ƙafar ƙafa mai murabba'i. Manyan girma sun haɗa da girman jiki na 2.00mm x 1.25mm, tsayin 0.70mm, da faɗin jagora na 0.30mm. Duk iyakokin girma suna da ±0.2mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade su daban. Hotuna sun haɗa da ra'ayoyin sama, ƙasa, da gefe.

4.2 Gano Polarity & Tsarin Gyaɗa

An yiwa cathode alama a sarari a saman fakitin. An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa na gyaɗa (ƙafar ƙafa) don ƙirar PCB, wanda yake da mahimmanci don samun haɗin gyaɗa mai dogaro da daidaitawar daidai yayin reflow. Girman kushin da aka ba da shawarar yana taimakawa tabbatar da kyawawan fillets na gyaɗa da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

5. Jagororin Gyaɗa & Haɗawa

5.1 Umarnin Gyaɗa na SMT Reflow

A matsayin ɓangaren MSL Mataki na 3, wannan LED yana buƙatar takamaiman sarrafawa. Dole ne a adana shi a cikin yanayi mai bushewa (yawanci<10% RH a 25°C) a cikin jakar shinge na danshi ta asali. Da zarar an buɗe jakar, dole ne a haɗa abubuwan cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) idan an fallasa su ga yanayin bene na masana'anta (>30°C/60%RH), ko kuma dole ne a sake gasa su kafin amfani da su bisa ga umarnin masana'anta. Daidaitattun bayanan martaba na infrared ko convection reflow tare da matsakaicin yanayin zafi da bai wuce 260°C ba sun dace.

5.2 Kula da Kariya

• Kada ku yi amfani da damuwa na injiniya ga ruwan tabarau na LED.
• Yi amfani da kariya ta ESD (Zubar da Lantarki Mai Tsauri) daidai yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa.
• Kada ku wuce matsakaicin ma'auni na cikakke don halin yanzu, ƙarfin lantarki, ko zafin jiki.
• Tabbatar da cewa polarity daidai yake yayin sanyawa don hana lalacewar karkatar da baya.
• Bi shawarar tsarin ƙasa don mafi kyawun sakamakon gyaɗa.

6. Bayanin Marufi & Oda

6.1 Bayanin Marufi

Ana ba da LED ɗin a cikin daidaitaccen marufi na masana'antu don haɗawa ta atomatik.

• Kaset ɗin Carrier:Girma don kaset ɗin carrier da aka zana wanda ke riƙe da abubuwa ɗaya.
• Reel:Ƙayyadaddun bayanai don reel wanda aka nannade kaset ɗin carrier a kai, gami da diamita na reel da girman cibiya.
• Lakabi:Lakabin reel ɗin yana ɗauke da mahimman bayanai kamar lambar sashi, adadi, lambar kuri'a, da lambar kwanan wata.

6.2 Marufi Mai Juriya ga Danshi

Don kiyaye ingancin MSL Mataki na 3, ana tattara reels ɗin a cikin jakunkuna masu shinge na danshi tare da desiccant da katin nuna danshi don nuna idan yanayin cikin jakar ya lalace.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace & Abubuwan Ƙira

7.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Hanyar tuƙi mafi sauƙi ita ce mai iyakance halin yanzu na jerin gwano. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor (R) ta amfani da dabara: R = (Vcc - VF) / IF, inda Vcc shine ƙarfin lantarki, VF shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (yi amfani da matsakaicin ƙimar daga kwandon shara don ƙira mai aminci), kuma IF shine halin yanzu na gaba da ake so (misali, 20mA). Don daidaitaccen haske a cikin kewayon ƙarfin lantarki ko tsakanin LED ɗin da yawa, ana ba da shawarar mai tuƙi na halin yanzu na akai.

7.2 Abubuwan Ƙira

• Sarrafa Zafi:Saboda juriya na zafi na 450 °C/W, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko ramukan zafi a ƙarƙashin kushin gyaɗa don watsar da zafi, musamman lokacin aiki a cikin halin yanzu mafi girma ko a cikin yanayi mai dumi.
• Rage Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe duba ainihin yanayin zafin mahada. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba na 30mA na iya buƙatar ragewa idan yanayin yanayi yana da zafi ko kuma idan hanyar zafi ba ta da kyau, don kiyaye Tj a ƙasa da 95°C.
• Ƙirar Gani:Kusurwar kallo na digiri 140 tana ba da tsarin haske mai faɗi, mai watsewa. Don ƙarin haske mai mai da hankali, ana iya buƙatar ruwan tabarau na waje.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da LED ɗin rami na gabaɗaya, wannan na'urar SMD tana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci: ƙaramin ƙafar ƙafa wanda ke ba da damar ƙanƙanta, dacewa don haɗawa ta atomatik mai sauri, kuma yawanci mafi kyawun dogaro saboda rashin igiyoyin haɗin da za su iya gajiya. Takamaiman rarrabawa don ƙarfin lantarki da ƙarfi yana ba da damar daidaitaccen daidaito a cikin aikin samfurin ƙarshe idan aka kwatanta da abubuwan da ba a raba su ba.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

9.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin kwandon shara na VF (B0, C0, D0)?

Kwandon shara yana rarraba ragewar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED. LED ɗin B0 suna da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki (1.8-2.0V), yayin da D0 suna da mafi girma (2.2-2.4V). Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED ɗin don daidaitaccen haske lokacin da aka tuƙa shi da ƙarfin lantarki na akai, ko kuma su haɗa LED ɗin tare da VF iri ɗaya lokacin haɗa su a layi daya.

9.2 Har yaushe zan iya amfani da LED bayan buɗe jakar shinge na danshi?

Ga MSL Mataki na 3, "rayuwar bene" shine sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) lokacin da aka adana a yanayin da bai wuce 30°C/60% RH ba. Idan an wuce wannan lokacin ko katin nuna danshi ya nuna gargaɗi, dole ne a sake gasa abubuwan kafin gyaɗa reflow don hana "popcorning" (fashewar fakitin saboda faɗaɗawar tururi cikin sauri).

9.3 Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED ɗin da samar da 5V kai tsaye?

A'a. Haɗa samar da 5V kai tsaye a kan LED ɗin zai yi ƙoƙarin tilasta halin yanzu wanda ya wuce matsakaicin ƙimar sa, yana haifar da gazawar nan take. Dole ne koyaushe ku yi amfani da mai iyakance halin yanzu na jerin gwano ko mai tuƙi na halin yanzu na akai. Misali, tare da samar da 5V da VF na yau da kullun na 2.0V a 20mA, ana buƙatar resistor na (5V - 2.0V) / 0.02A = 150 Ohms.

10. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi:Ƙirar alamar matsayi don na'urar da ke da baturi mai ɗaukuwa.

• Zaɓin Bangare:Zaɓi kwandon shara mai ƙarfi (misali, 1AW: 150-200mcd) wanda ya dace don ganin rana. Zaɓi kwandon shara na VF bisa ƙarfin lantarkin baturin ku don inganta inganci.
• Ƙirar Da'ira:Tare da ƙarfin lantarki na tsarin 3.3V kuma ta amfani da VF(max) na 2.2V (kwandon shara D0) don ƙididdige aminci, mai iyakance halin yanzu don 20mA shine (3.3V - 2.2V) / 0.02A = 55 Ohms. Za a yi amfani da resistor na yau da kullun na 56-Ohm.
• Shimfidawa:Sanya LED ɗin akan PCB bisa ga shawarar tsarin ƙasa. Ƙara ƙaramin yanki na tagulla wanda aka haɗa zuwa kushin cathode (yawanci kushin zafi) don taimakawa watsar da zafi.
• Haɗawa:Bi hanyoyin sarrafawa na MSL Mataki na 3. Yi amfani da daidaitaccen bayanin martaba na reflow mara gubar tare da matsakaicin yanayin zafi kusan 245°C.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

Ana fitar da haske ta hanyar aikin da ake kira electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan mahadar p-n na semiconductor, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin mahadar. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, ana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na guntu na semiconductor yana ƙayyade tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, phosphor na rawaya ko kayan semiconductor suna samar da haske a cikin kewayon 585-595nm.

12. Trends na Masana'antu

Trend a cikin LED ɗin nuni yana ci gaba zuwa ƙanƙanta, mafi inganci, da mafi ƙarfi daidaito na aiki. Akwai ƙara haɗa na'urorin lantarki na sarrafawa (kamar masu tuƙi na halin yanzu na akai) a cikin fakitin LED. Bugu da ƙari, ci gaba a cikin kayan aiki da dabarun marufi suna inganta aikin zafi a hankali, suna ba da damar yawan wuta mafi girma da dogaro a cikin ƙananan ƙafafu. Bukatar abubuwan da suka dace da RoHS da kayan aiki masu dacewa da muhalli sun kasance mai ƙarfi mai tuƙa kasuwa.