Bayanin Fasaha na LED Mai Haske Mai Kyau na PLCC-2 - Kallon Kallon 120° - 2.0V Na Yau da Kullun - 1120mcd @20mA - Takardun Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakkun bayanai game da LED mai haske mai kyau a cikin kayan PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier). An ƙera wannan na'urar don aminci da aiki mai kyau a cikin yanayi mai wahala, tana da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 da kuma matsakaicin ƙarfin haske na millicandelas 1120 (mcd) a cikin igiyar wutar lantarki na 20mA. Babban manufarta ita ce aikace-aikacen hasken cikin mota, kamar hasken dashboard, hasken baya na maɓalli, da ayyukan nuna alama, inda daidaiton launi, kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci, da bin ka'idojin mota suke da muhimmanci.

Babban fa'idodin LED ɗin sun haɗa da cancantar sa zuwa ma'aunin AEC-Q101, wanda ke tabbatar da amincinsa don amfani da mota, da kuma bin ka'idojin muhalli na RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hadari) da REACH (Rajista, Kimantawa, Izini da Ƙuntata Sinadarai). Hakanan yana da matakin hankali na Danshi (MSL) na 2 da kuma ƙimar hankali na Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) na 2kV (Samfurin Jikin Mutum), wanda ya sa ya dace da tsarin haɗawa na yau da kullun.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Haske da Lantarki

An ayyana ma'auni na aiki a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (T_s= 25°C). Igiyar wutar lantarki ta gaba (I_F) tana da kewayon aiki daga 5mA zuwa 50mA, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 20mA. A wannan igiyar wutar lantarki ta yau da kullun, ƙarfin haske (I_V) ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 710mcd zuwa mafi girma 1400mcd, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 1120mcd. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_F) a 20mA an ƙayyade shi tsakanin 1.75V da 2.75V, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 2.00V. Babban tsawon zango (λ_d), wanda ke ayyana launin rawaya da ake gani, yana tsakanin 585nm da 594nm, yawanci 592nm. Kusurwar kallo (φ), inda ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwar sa, shine digiri 120.

2.2 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa. Matsakaicin yawan watsi da wutar lantarki (P_d) shine 137mW. Matsakaicin igiyar wutar lantarki ta ci gaba shine 50mA, yayin da igiyar wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi (I_FM) na 100mA ya halatta don bugun jini ≤ 10μs tare da ƙaramin aiki mai ƙarami (D=0.005). Ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin koma baya ba. Matsakaicin zafin jiki (T_J) shine 125°C, tare da kewayon zafin jiki na aiki da ajiya daga -40°C zuwa +110°C. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na gudanarwa don sake kunnawa shine 260°C na dakika 30.

2.3 Halayen Zafi

Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci ga aikin LED da dogon rayuwa. Takardar bayanin ta ƙayyade ƙimar juriya na zafi guda biyu daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin gudanarwa: ainihin juriya na zafi (R_{th JS real}) na 160 K/W da juriya na zafi na lantarki (R_{th JS el}) na 120 K/W, duk an auna su a I_F=20mA. Ana amfani da ƙimar lantarki mafi ƙasa don ƙididdigar ƙira da ke da alaƙa da dogaro da zafin jiki na ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED ɗin cikin kwandon shara.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Haske

An rarraba fitar da haske zuwa kwandon shara da yawa, kowanne yana wakiltar takamaiman kewayon mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin haske da matsakaici a cikin millicandelas (mcd). Kwandon shara yana bin lambar haruffa (misali, L1, L2, M1... har zuwa GA). Don wannan takamaiman lambar sashi, an haskaka kwandon shara mai yuwuwa, tare da sashi na yau da kullun yana faɗowa cikin kwandon shara "AA" (1120 zuwa 1400 mcd). Ma'aunin kwararar haske yana da ƙimar ±8%.

3.2 Rarraba Babban Tsawon Zango

Ana sarrafa launin rawaya ta hanyar rarraba babban tsawon zango. An ayyana kwandon shara ta lambobi da ke wakiltar kewayon tsawon zango a cikin nanometers (nm). Ƙimar babban tsawon zango shine ±1nm. Takamaiman kwandon shara na wannan samfurin yana tabbatar da cewa launin rawaya yana cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon 585-594nm, yawanci kusan 592nm.

4. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Lankwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanin tana ba da jadawali da yawa da ke kwatanta halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Rarraba Bakan da Tsarin Radiation

Jadawalin Rarraba Bakan Dangantaka yana nuna kololuwa a yankin rawaya (~592nm) tare da ƙaramin fitarwa a wasu sassan bakan, yana tabbatar da launin rawaya mai tsabta. Jadawalin Tsarin Radiation jadawali ne na polar wanda ke nuna kusurwar kallo na digiri 120, tare da rarraba ƙarfin haske na yau da kullun na kayan PLCC tare da ruwan tabarau na ciki.

4.2 Igawar Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (Lankwasa IV)

Wannan jadawali yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni tsakanin ƙarfin wutar lantarki ta gaba da igiyar wutar lantarki. Yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance igiyar wutar lantarki. Lankwasa yana ba masu ƙira damar kimanta V_Fa kowane igiyar wutar lantarki da aka bayar a cikin kewayon aiki.

4.3 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Jadawali da yawa suna cikakken bayani game da canje-canjen aiki tare da zafin haɗin gwiwa:

• Ƙarfin Haske Dangantaka da Zafin Haɗin gwiwa:Yana nuna cewa fitar da haske yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya karu, wata sifa ce ta duk LED. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan a cikin ƙirar zafi.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba Dangantaka da Zafin Haɗin gwiwa:Yana nuna cewa V_Fyana da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau, yana raguwa a layi daya yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi. Ana iya amfani da wannan don jin zafin jiki kai tsaye.
• Tsawon Zango Dangantaka da Zafin Haɗin gwiwa:Yana nuna ɗan canji a cikin babban tsawon zango (yawanci nanometers kaɗan) tare da zafin jiki, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen masu mahimmanci na launi.
• Babban Tsawon Zango da Igawar Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba:Yana nuna ƙaramin bambanci a cikin launi tare da canza igiyar wutar lantarki.

4.4 Ragewa da Sarrafa Bugun Jini

LankwasaRage Igawar Wutar Lantarki ta Gabayana da mahimmanci ga aminci. Yana zana matsakaicin igiyar wutar lantarki ta gaba da aka halatta akan zafin jiki na gudanarwa. Misali, a zafin jiki na wurin gudanarwa (T_S) na 110°C, an rage matsakaicin igiyar wutar lantarki zuwa kusan 34mA. Lankwasa ya faɗi a sarari kada a yi amfani da igiyoyin wutar lantarki da ke ƙasa da 5mA. JadawalinƘarfin Sarrafa Bugun Jini da Aka Halattaya ayyana yankin aiki mai aminci don igiyoyin wutar lantarki masu bugun jini a cikin ayyuka daban-daban, yana ba da damar tuƙi sama da igiyar wutar lantarki a cikin aikace-aikacen multiplexed ko strobe.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

LED ɗin yana amfani da daidaitaccen kunshin PLCC-2 na saman. Zanen injiniya (wanda sashe na 7 ya nuna) zai ba da cikakkun ma'auni ciki har da tsayi, faɗi, tsayi, da tazarar jagora. Kunshin yana da jikin filastik da aka ƙera tare da ruwan tabarau na ciki wanda ke siffata kusurwar kallo na digiri 120. Ana nuna polarity ta hanyar siffar kunshin da/ko alama, tare da gano cathode.

6. Jagororin Gudanarwa da Haɗawa

6.1 Tsarin Gudanar da Gudanarwa da Aka Shawarta

An ba da shafin ƙafa (tsarin ƙasa) da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da gudanar da gudanarwa daidai, kwanciyar hankali na injiniya, da mafi kyawun canja wurin zafi daga LED zuwa allon da'ira (PCB).

6.2 Bayanin Siffar Sake Gudanarwa

Takardar bayanin ta ƙayyade siffar sake kunnawa tare da kololuwar zafin jiki na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 30. Wannan daidaitaccen siffar gudanarwa ne mara gubar (Pb-free). Bin wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don hana lalacewar zafi ga kunshin filastik da cikin die da haɗin waya.

6.3 Abubuwan Kariya don Amfani

Abubuwan kariya na gaba ɗaya sun haɗa da amfani da kariyar ESD da ta dace yayin haɗawa, guje wa damuwa na injiniya akan ruwan tabarau, da tabbatar da an adana na'urar a cikin yanayi mai bushewa bisa ga matakin MSL-2 kafin amfani.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Bayanin Oda

Bayanin kunshin (sashe na 10) ya cikakken bayani game da yadda ake samar da LED ɗin, yawanci akan tef da reel don haɗawa ta atomatik. Tsarin lambar sashi (57-21-UY0200H-AM) yana ɓoye mahimman halaye kamar nau'in kunshin, launi, kwandon shara mai haske, da sauran lambobin bambance-bambance. Sashen bayanin oda yana bayyana yadda ake ƙayyade kwandon shara da ake so don ƙarfin haske da tsawon zango lokacin yin oda.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Babban aikace-aikacen shinehasken cikin mota, ciki har da:

• Hasken baya na gungu na kayan aiki da dashboard.
• Hasken baya don maɓallai, maɓalli, da allunan sarrafawa.
• Hasken matsayi da nuna alama na gaba ɗaya.
• Lura da hasken yanayi.

Cancantar sa na AEC-Q101 ya sa ya dace da waɗannan yanayin mota masu wahala tare da faɗuwar zafin jiki da girgiza.

8.2 Abubuwan Ƙira

Tuƙi na Yanzu:Ana ba da shawarar tuƙi na yau da kullun sosai akan tushen ƙarfin wutar lantarki na yau da kullun tare da resistor na jerin don mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali da dogon rayuwa. Ya kamata ƙirar ta koma lankwasa IV da matsakaicin ƙididdiga.Gudanar da Zafi:Dole ne a yi amfani da lankwasa ragewa da ƙimar juriya na zafi don ƙididdige matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa a cikin aikace-aikace. Ana buƙatar isasshen yanki na jan karfe na PCB (gudanar da zafi) da yuwuwar iska don kiyaye zafin wurin gudanarwa ƙasa, musamman lokacin tuƙi a ko kusa da matsakaicin igiyar wutar lantarki.Ƙirar Haske:Kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 tana ba da haske mai faɗi. Don haske mai mai da hankali, ƙila ana buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu. Ya kamata a yi la'akari da bambancin ƙarfin haske da tsawon zango a cikin kwandon shara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar kamanni iri ɗaya a cikin LED da yawa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da LED ɗin PLCC-2 na gaba ɗaya mara mota, babban abin da ya bambanta wannan na'urar shinecancantar AEC-Q101da faɗaɗa kewayon zafin jiki na aiki (-40°C zuwa +110°C), waɗanda ke tilas ga na'urorin lantarki na mota. Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske na 1120mcd yana da girma sosai ga daidaitaccen LED rawaya na PLCC-2, yana ba da ingantaccen haske. Cikakken tsarin rarraba yana ba masana'antun sarrafa ƙarfi akan daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samfuran su na ƙarshe.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga layin mota na 5V ko 12V?A: A'a. Dole ne ku yi amfani da da'irar iyakance igiyar wutar lantarki. A sauƙaƙe resistor na jerin (wanda aka ƙididdige ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F) ko, zai fi dacewa, takamaiman IC mai tuƙi na LED na yau da kullun ana buƙatar saita igiyar wutar lantarki zuwa matakin da ake so (misali, 20mA).

Q: Me yasa akwai ƙayyadaddun mafi ƙarancin igiyar wutar lantarki (5mA)?A: Tuƙin LED a cikin igiyoyin wutar lantarki masu ƙarami sosai na iya haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali na fitar da haske da canjin launi. Mafi ƙarancin 5mA yana tabbatar da aiki mai aminci da daidaito.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara ƙimar juriya na zafi daban-daban guda biyu?A: Juriya na zafi na lantarki (120 K/W) an samo shi daga canjin ƙarfin wutar lantarki ta gaba tare da zafin jiki kuma ana amfani da shi don ƙirar lantarki. Ainihin juriya na zafi (160 K/W) shine mafi kai tsaye na auna kwararar zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin gudanarwa kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da shi don ƙididdigar ƙirar zafi na farko don kimanta hawan zafin haɗin gwiwa (ΔT_J= P_d× R_{th JS real}).

Q: Me MSL 2 ke nufi ga ajiya?A: Matakin Hankali na Danshi 2 yana nufin cewa ana iya adana kunshin a cikin yanayi mai bushewa (

11. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira na Aiki

Yanayi:Ƙirar hasken baya na maɓallin dashboard yana buƙatar LED rawaya 4. Manufa: matsakaicin haske mai daidaito, dogon rayuwa a cikin yanayi mai zafi (matsakaicin yanayin PCB ~85°C).Matakan Ƙira: 1. Zaɓin Yanzu:Zaɓi 15mA (ƙasa da 20mA na yau da kullun) don rage samar da zafi da ƙara rayuwa, yayin da har yanzu yana ba da isasshen haske. 2.Da'irar Direba:Yi amfani da takamaiman IC mai tuƙi na yau da kullun wanda zai iya samar da 60mA (4x15mA) don tabbatar da irin wannan igiyar wutar lantarki ta duk LED don daidaiton haske. 3.Binciken Zafi:Ƙididdige watsi da wutar lantarki kowane LED: P_d≈ V_F× I_F= 2.0V × 0.015A = 30mW. Hawan zafin haɗin gwiwa: ΔT_J= 0.03W × 160 K/W = 4.8K. Tare da T_ambient= 85°C a wurin gudanarwa, T_J≈ 90°C, wanda yake ƙasa da matsakaicin 125°C. 4.Rarraba:Ƙayyade kwandon shara mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi (misali, R1 ko R2) da takamaiman kwandon shara na babban tsawon zango lokacin yin oda don tabbatar da daidaiton gani a duk maɓalli huɗu.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan diode ne mai fitar da haske na semiconductor (LED). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin bandgap ɗinsa, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yankin aiki na guntu na semiconductor, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na semiconductor (yawanci bisa AlInGaP don hasken rawaya) yana ƙayyade tsawon zango, don haka launi, na hasken da aka fitar. Ruwan tabarau na epoxy na ciki na kunshin PLCC yana rufe guntu, yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, da kuma siffata fitar da haske.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin irin waɗannan sassan yana zuwa ga ingantaccen ingantaccen haske (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace watt na shigar da lantarki), ingantaccen daidaiton launi da jikewa, da ingantattun ma'auni na aminci. Kunshin yana haɓaka don ba da damar ƙarfin wutar lantarki mafi girma da ingantaccen sarrafa zafi. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin kai tare da da'irar sarrafawa a kan jirgi (kamar LED masu adireshin I2C) yana zama gama gari, ko da yake wannan takamaiman na'urar daidaitaccen sashi ne, sashi mai hankali. Bukatar sassan da suka cancanta AEC-Q101 na ci gaba da girma yayin da hasken mota ya zama mafi haɓaka da yaɗuwa.