Nazarin Tsarin Fitowar Fitilar LED Mai Zurfin UV Ta Hanyar Canjin Fluorescence

1. Gabatarwa

Ci gaban baya-bayan nan a cikin fitilolin LED masu zurfin ultraviolet (deep-UV) na tushen AlGaN, waɗanda ke aiki tsakanin 220-280 nm tare da fitar da wutar lantarki a cikin kewayon 100 mW, sun buɗe babban yuwuwar a cikin kashe kwayoyin cuta, tsarkake ruwa, firikwensin iskar gas, kuma musamman, a matsayin tushen tada hankali a cikin na'urar duban dan tayi ta fluorescence. Muhimmin ma'auni don ingantaccen aikace-aikacensu, musamman a cikin na'urar duban dan tayi inda daidaiton haske ya fi muhimmanci, shine tsarin fitowar LED—rarrabawar kusurwar ƙarfin haskensa.

Ƙayyadaddun wannan tsari don fitilolin LED masu zurfin UV yana gabatar da ƙalubale na musamman: daidaitattun kyamarorin CMOS da CCD na tushen silicon suna da ƙananan hankali a cikin bakan zurfin UV saboda sha ta gilashi ko yadudduka na polysilicon. Yayin da akwai na'urorin CCD na musamman (masu tsada) na baya-baya, wannan aikin ya gabatar da madadin kyakkyawan hanya, mai tsada: hanyar canzawa ta tushen fluorescence.

2. Kayan Aiki da Hanyoyi

Babban tsarin gwaji ya ƙunshi fitilar LED na 280 nm (LG Innotek LEUVA66H70HF00). Hanyar ƙirƙira ta ketare gano UV kai tsaye ta hanyar amfani da LED don haskaka samfurin mai fluorescence. Samfurin yana ɗaukar radiation na 280 nm kuma yana sake fitar da haske a mafi tsayi, tsayin raƙuman gani, wanda daga nan za'a iya kama shi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar kyamarar CMOS ta yau da kullun. Rarraba ƙarfi a cikin hoton fluorescence yana aiki azaman ma'auni kai tsaye amma daidai na tsarin fitowar LED na nesa. An sami bayanan kusurwa ta hanyar jujjuya LED game da axis ɗinta da rikodin ƙarfin fluorescence da ya dace.

3. Sakamako da Tattaunawa

Babban binciken shine cewa tsarin fitowar gwajin fitilar LED mai zurfin UV da aka yi amfani da ita ya bi rarraba Lambertian tare da madaidaicin daidaito (99.6%). Samfurin Lambertian yana bayyana wani samfi inda hasken da ake gani iri ɗaya ne ba tare da la'akari da kusurwar kallo ba, tare da ƙarfi daidai da cosine na kusurwa ($\theta$) daga al'ada na saman. Ƙarfin a cikin iska ana bayar da shi ta:

$I = \frac{P_{LED}}{4\pi r^2} \frac{n_{air}^2}{n_{LED}^2} \cos(\theta)$

inda $P_{LED}$ shine ƙarfin haske, $r$ shine nisa, kuma $n_{air}$ da $n_{LED}$ su ne fihirisar refractive na iska da semiconductor, bi da bi.

Nazarin ya yi nasara wajen nuna iyawar fasahar don bambancewa tsakanin nau'ikan kayan LED daban-daban (misali, planar da hemispherical), waɗanda ke samar da tsarin fitowa daban-daban (Lambertian da isotropic).

4. Nazarin Fasaha & Fahimtar Asali

5. Tsarin Nazari: Wani Lamari na Aiki

Yanayi: Wani kamfani na farko yana haɓaka na'urar kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ta ruwa mai ɗaukar hoto ta amfani da fitilar LED mai zurfin UV. Suna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa LED tana haskaka tashar ruwa mai siliki daidai don tabbatar da ingantaccen kashe ƙwayoyin cuta.

Aikace-aikacen Tsarin:

1. Ayyana Matsala: Siffanta tsarin fitowar kusurwa na fitilolin LED na 265 nm don samfurin ƙimar ƙarfi a cikin tashar ruwa.
2. Zaɓin Kayan Aiki: Yi amfani da hanyar fluorescence. An sanya bakin bakin mai haskakawa na UV, mai fitar da shuɗi (misali, fim ɗin YAG:Ce da aka daidaita) akan saman lebur.
3. Samun Bayanai: LED, a wani nisa da aka kayyade, yana haskaka fim ɗin. Kyamarar wayar hannu ta yau da kullun (RGB) tana ɗaukar tsarin fitar shuɗi. An juya LED a hankali, kuma an ɗauki hoto a kowane kusurwa.
4. Nazari: Sarrafa hoto (misali, ta amfani da Python tare da OpenCV ko ImageJ) yana fitar da bayanan ƙarfi. Bayanan ƙarfi na radial da kusurwa an dace da Lambertian ($I \propto \cos(\theta)$) ko wani samfuri (misali, mafi gabaɗaya $\cos^m(\theta)$ aiki).
5. Yanke Shawara: Idan tsarin yana da Lambertian sosai (m≈1), ruwan tabarau mai sauƙi na iya isa don daidaitawa. Idan yana da jagora sosai (m>>1), mai watsawa ko mai haɗawa mai haske na iya zama dole. Wannan gwajin mai arha yana ba da labari game da ƙirar gani kafin gina samfuran tsada.

6. Aikace-aikacen Gaba & Jagorori

Tasirin ya wuce siffantawa mai sauƙi:

• Sa ido A cikin Tsari: Haɗa firikwensin fluorescence cikin layin samar da LED don sarrafa ingancin tsarin fitowa na ainihin lokaci.
• Daidaitawar Na'urar Lafiya: Tabbatar da daidaitaccen haske a cikin na'urorin UV phototherapy masu sawa don magance yanayin fata.
• Tsawaita Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa: Yin amfani da ƙa'idar ɗaya don siffanta fitilolin LED a wasu yankuna "makafi" don na'urorin gano silicon, kamar zurfin infrared, ta amfani da ma'adanai masu dacewa.
• Haɗin Kayan Hikima: Haɓaka "hankali" saman fluorescence waɗanda ke canza launin fitowa ko tsari dangane da ƙarfin UV ko kusurwa, yana ba da damar ƙirar firikwensin sabon abu.
• Daidaitawa: Yin aiki tare da ƙungiyoyi kamar NIST ko IEC don haɓaka wannan zuwa aikin da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da tsarin LED mai arha, tare da haɗa daidaitattun ma'auni na hoto.

7. Nassoshi

1. Kneissl, M., & Rass, J. (2016). III-Nitride Ultraviolet Emitters. Springer.
2. Song, K., et al. (2016). Water disinfection with deep-UV LEDs. Journal of Water and Health.
3. Khan, M. A. H., et al. (2020). Deep-UV LED based gas sensors. ACS Sensors.
4. Lakowicz, J. R. (2006). Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Springer.
5. Zhu, J.-Y., Park, T., Isola, P., & Efros, A. A. (2017). Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation using Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks. IEEE ICCV. (Nassoshi na CycleGAN don kwatanta)
6. National Institutes of Health (NIH). Ka'idojin Bincike Mai Maimaitawa.
7. McFarlane, M., & McConnell, G. (2019). Characterisation of a deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diode emission pattern via fluorescence. arXiv:1911.11669.