EL050L Series Optocoupler Datasheet - 8-pin SOP Package - 3.3V/5V Dual Supply - 1Mbit/s Speed - High Isolation - Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

The EL050L series is a high-performance, high-speed transistor optocoupler (optical isolator) designed for applications requiring robust electrical isolation and fast digital signal transmission. The core function of the device is to use light to transmit electrical signals between two isolated circuits, thereby preventing ground loops, blocking high voltages, and reducing noise transmission.

Its core contains an infrared light-emitting diode (LED), which is optically coupled to a high-speed integrated photodetector with a logic gate output. This configuration enables it to function as a digital isolator. It comes in a compact 8-pin Small Outline Package (SOP), suitable for modern Surface Mount Technology (SMT) assembly processes.

1.1 Core Advantages and Target Market

EL050L imeundwa na faida muhimu kadhaa, zilizoweka nafasi yake katika soko:

• High-speed operation:Data rates up to 1 megabit per second (1Mbit/s), suitable for digital communication interfaces and fast switching control signals.
• Robust isolation:Inatoa voltage ya kutengwa hadi 3750 V kati ya upande wa pembejeo na pato lake._rmsInahakikisha usalama na uaminifu katika mazingira ya voltage ya juu.
• Upinzani bora wa kelele:Ina uwezo wa juu wa kupiga mawimbi ya kawaida ya muda mfupi (CMTI) hadi kV 15/μs (kiwango cha chini), ikifanya iweze kuzuia mabadiliko ya haraka ya voltage yanayoonekana kwenye kizuizi cha kutengwa, jambo muhimu kwa vifaa vya umeme vya elektroniki vilivyo na kelele nyingi kama vile madereva ya motor.
• Voltage mbili za umeme:Upande wa pato unaendana na mifumo ya mantiki ya 3.3V na 5V, ikitoa ubunifu wa kubuni.
• Usawa wa Kifedha:Kifaa hiki hakina halojeni, hakina risasi, na kinakidhi viwango vya RoHS, REACH na viwango mbalimbali vya usalama vya kimataifa (UL, cUL, VDE, n.k.).

Soko kuu lengwa linajumuisha otomatiki ya viwanda, saketi za mrejesho wa umeme, mifumo ya kuendesha motoru, utengano wa interface ya mawasiliano, na matumizi yoyote yanayohitaji kuzingatia tofauti ya uwezo wa ardhi au kelele za voltage ya juu.

2. Uchambuzi wa kina wa Vigezo vya Teknolojia

Sehemu hii inatoa ufafanuzi wa kina na usio na upendeleo wa vigezo muhimu vya umeme na vya macho vilivyobainishwa katika hati ya maelezo.

2.1 Viwango vya Juu Kabisa

These ratings define the stress limits that may cause permanent damage to the device. They are not applicable under normal operating conditions.

• Input Forward Current (I_F):25 mA (continuous). This limits the maximum DC current through the input LED.
• Peak forward current (I_FP):50 mA (for pulses with 50% duty cycle and 1ms pulse width). This allows for a higher instantaneous drive current to be supplied for a short period.
• Reverse voltage (V_R):5 V. The input LED must not be subjected to a reverse bias exceeding this value.
• Output voltage (V_O) and power supply voltage (V_CC):-0.5V to +7V. The voltage on the output pins and supply pins relative to the output ground (GND) must remain within this range.
• Isolation Voltage (V_ISO):3750 V_rms(Kwa dakika 1). Hii ni voltage ya juu ya mtihani inayotumiwa kati ya pini za pembejeo zilizoshorti (1-4) na pini za pato zilizoshorti (5-8) ili kuthibitisha uadilifu wa kizuizi cha kutengwa.
• Joto la uendeshaji (T_OPR):-40°C hadi +85°C. Inahakikishia kifaa kikidhi vipimo vyake vya umeme katika anuwai hii ya halijoto ya mazingira.

2.2 Electrical and Transmission Characteristics

Isipokuwa imebainishwa vinginevyo, vigezo hivi vinahakikishwa katika anuwai ya halijoto ya uendeshaji ya 0°C hadi 70°C.

Input Characteristics:

• Forward Voltage (V_F):Typical value 1.45V, at forward current (I_FThe maximum value is 1.8V when the current is 16 mA. This is the forward voltage drop of the LED when it is conducting.
• V_F:Temperature coefficient:

Output characteristics:

• Logic high-level output current (I_OH):When the input is off (I_F=0), the leakage current is very low (max. 0.5 µA). This indicates a good "off" state.
• Current ya umeme: I_CCL(Hali ya kiwango cha chini cha mantiki, ingizo limewashwa) Thamani ya kawaida ni 100 µA, na I_CCH(Logical high state, input off) is much lower, with a typical value of 0.01 µA. These values determine the static power consumption of the output stage.

Transfer Characteristics:

• Current Transfer Ratio (CTR):For EL050L, under standard test conditions (I_F=16mA, V_O=0.4V, V_CC=3.3V, T_A=25°C), CTR is specified between 7% and 50%. CTR is the ratio of the output transistor collector current to the input LED forward current. Under slightly different conditions (V_O=0.5V), a minimum CTR of 5% is guaranteed. This parameter is crucial to ensure the output can sink sufficient current to pull the output voltage low.
• Logic low-level output voltage (V_OL):Typical value 0.12V, maximum value 0.4V when I_F=16mA and the output sinks 3 mA current. This low saturation voltage is crucial for clear logic low-level signals.

2.3 Switching Characteristics

These parameters define the dynamic performance of the optocoupler and are crucial for high-speed applications. Testing is performed at I_F=16mA and V_CCInafanywa chini ya hali ya =3.3V.

• Muda wa ucheleweshaji wa usambazaji:
  • T_PHL(To logic low level):Maximum 2.0 µs when using a 4.1kΩ load resistor (R_L). Faster switching speed (maximum 0.9 µs) can be achieved with a smaller 1.9kΩ load. This is the delay from the input LED turning on to the output voltage falling to logic low level.
  • T_PLH(To logic high level):Similarly, up to 2.0 µs (4.1kΩ) and 0.9 µs (1.9kΩ). This is the delay from the input LED turning off to the output voltage rising to a logic high level.
• Common-Mode Transient Immunity (CMTI):A key robustness metric. Testing shows that the device can withstand a common-mode voltage slew rate (dV/dt) of at least 1000 V/µs (typical) while maintaining the correct output logic state (high and low)._CM/dt). The test uses a common-mode pulse with a peak-to-peak value of 10V. High CMTI prevents noise spikes on the isolation barrier from causing false triggering.

3. Pin Configuration and Function Description

Kifaa hiki kinatumia ufungaji wa 8-pin SOP. Mpangilio wa pini ni kama ifuatavyo:

• Pini 1, 4:Hakuna Muunganisho (NC). Pini hizi hazijaunganishwa ndani na zinaweza kuachwa wazi au kuunganishwa kwenye ardhi kwenye mpangilio wa PCB kwa ajili ya kinga.
• Pini 2:Anodi ya LED ya Infrared ya Ingizo.
• Pini 3:Cathode ya LED ya infrared ya pembejeo.
• Pini 5:Ardhi (GND) ya mzunguko wa upande wa pato.
• Pini 6:Output voltage (V_OUT). This is the open-collector output of the photodetector. An external pull-up resistor to V_CC。
• Pin 7:Strobe or bias voltage (V_B). Based on the description ("gatable output"), this pin likely provides a method to enable or disable the output stage to reduce noise or achieve multi-device multiplexing. The datasheet does not provide detailed application information for this pin; it is recommended to consult the manufacturer's application notes.
• Pin 8:Voltage ya usambazaji kwenye upande wa pato (V_CC). Inakubali 3.3V au 5V.

4. Application Guide and Design Considerations

4.1 Typical Application Scenarios

• Gate Drive Isolation in Motor Drives/Inverters:Isolating low-voltage microcontroller PWM signals from high-voltage, high-noise IGBT or MOSFET gate drive circuits. High CMTI is crucial here.
• Upelekani wa mzunguko wa maoni katika vyanzo vya umeme vya kubadili-badili (SMPS):Inatoa maoni ya upelekani wa voltage/ya sasa kutoka upande wa sekondari (pato) hadi kiwango cha udhibiti cha upande wa msingi, kuhakikisha usalama na utendaji bora wa udhibiti.
• Upelekani wa kiolesura cha mawasiliano:Kutengan data ya serial (kama RS-485, CAN, UART), ili kukata mzunguko wa ardhi na kulinda mantiki nyeti dhidi ya mabadiliko ya ghafla.
• Ubadilishaji wa kiwango cha mantiki na kutenganishwa kwa uwezo wa ardhi:Kuunganisha mifumo iliyo na viwango tofauti vya uwezo wa ardhi au voltage ya mantiki (mfano, 3.3V LVTTL hadi 5V CMOS).
• Badala ya transfoma ya msukumo au viunganishi vya fototransistor vilivyo polepole:Inatoa suluhisho ndogo, yenye ushirikiano zaidi, labda ya kuaminika zaidi na yenye kasi sawa au ya haraka zaidi.

4.2 Key Design Considerations

• Upinzani wa Kikomo wa Mchango:A resistor must always be connected in series with the input LED to limit the forward current (I_F) to a safe value, typically between 5mA and 16mA according to the test conditions in the datasheet. The formula for calculating the resistor value is: R_limit= (V_drive- V_F) / I_F.
• Output pull-up resistor:An external pull-up resistor to V is required for the open-collector output on pin 6._CC. The value of this resistor (R_L) is a critical trade-off:
  • Ndogo R_L(kwa mfano, 1.9kΩ):Inatoa muda wa kupanda kwa kasi zaidi (chini T_PLH) na uwezo wa juu wa kuvuta, lakini huongeza matumizi ya nguvu wakati pato liko chini (I_OL= V_CC/R_L). Ensure it does not exceed the output current sinking capability.
  • Larger R_L(kwa mfano, 4.1kΩ au 10kΩ):Kupunguza matumizi ya nguvu, lakini husababisha muda wa kupanda kuwa polepole, na inaweza kuwa nyeti zaidi kwa ushikaji wa kelele.
• Kutenganisha usambazaji wa nguvu:Kwenye pini 8 (V_CCPlace a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor near pin 4 (VCC) and pin 5 (GND) to provide a local low-impedance current source for high-speed switching and filter out noise.
• PCB Layout for High CMTI:To maintain high common-mode transient immunity, minimize the parasitic capacitance across the isolation barrier. This means physically separating input and output traces on the PCB, avoiding parallel routing, and adhering to the creepage and clearance distances recommended in safety standards.
• Gate pin (V_B) Matumizi:Ikiwa utendakazi wa kuchagua hauhitajiki, pini hii inapaswa kuunganishwa kulingana na mapendekezo ya mtengenezaji, kawaida huunganishwa kwenye V_CCau kuachwa bila muunganisho. Mwongozo wa maelezo hauna uelekezaji wazi, kwa hivyo inahitaji kuthibitishwa.

5. Mechanical, Packaging and Assembly Information

5.1 Package Dimensions and Mounting

This device is housed in an 8-pin SOP (Small Outline Package). The datasheet includes a package drawing with key dimensions (length, width, height, lead pitch, etc.). Designers must adhere to these dimensions when creating the PCB pad layout.

A recommended surface-mount pad layout is typically provided to ensure reliable solder joint formation during the reflow soldering process. This layout takes thermal dissipation and proper solder fillets into consideration.

5.2 Soldering and Handling

• Upakiaji tena:Kifaa hiki kinaweza kukabiliana na joto la juu la uashi la 260°C (T_SOL) kwa sekunde 10. Kawaida inatumika kwa mkunjo wa kawaida wa reflow isiyo na risasi (IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020).
• Nyeti kwa unyevu:Vifurushi vya SOP kwa kawaida vina upeo wa unyevu. Ikiwa kifaa kimetolewa kwenye kifurushi kikavu, na kimefichuliwa kwa muda unaozidi kikomo kabla ya kutiwa sindano, lazima kikaokwe kulingana na maelekezo ya mtengenezaji.
• Masharti ya Uhifadhi:Anuwai ya juu kabisa ya joto la uhifadhi ni -40°C hadi +125°C. Inapaswa kuhifadhiwa katika mazingira yaliyokauka na yasiyo na umeme tuli.

6. Ordering Information and Model Differentiation

Part numbers follow the format:EL050L(Z)-V

• EL050L:Mfululizo wa nambari za sehemu za msingi.
• (Z):Chaguo la Ufungaji wa Ukanda wa Mviringo.
  • Hakuna: Kifungu cha Bomba, 100 kwa kila bomba.
  • (TA): Ukanda wa Mviringo wa Aina ya TA, 2000 kwa kila ukanda.
  • (TB): TB-type tape and reel, 2000 pieces per reel.
• -V:Optional suffix, indicating the device has passed VDE standard certification. If omitted, the device has standard certification (UL, cUL, etc.).

Mfano:

• EL050L:Vifaa vya kawaida vilivyowekwa kwenye mabomba.
• EL050L-V:VDE-certified components in tube packaging.
• EL050L(TA)-V:VDE-certified components in TA-type tape and reel packaging.

7. Technical Comparison and Frequently Asked Questions

7.1 Comparison with Other Isolator Types

• Comparison with Traditional Phototransistor Couplers:EL050L速度显著更快（1Mbit/s对比通常<100kbit/s），这得益于其集成的逻辑门输出级，该输出级主动驱动输出，而非依赖被动的光电晶体管。
• Ikilinganishwa na kizima nambari (kimeanzishwa kwenye CMOS):Vizinga nambari hutumia mawasiliano ya redio au uwezo, yanaweza kufikia kasi ya juu zaidi (mfano, 100Mbit/s+) na matumizi ya nguvu ya chini. Hata hivyo, vihusishi vya kielektroniki kama EL050L kwa sababu ya sifa zao za kutengwa kwa nuru (zisizoathiriwa na uga wa sumaku), kwa kawaida hutoa voltage ya juu zaidi ya kutengwa asili na uaminifu wa muda mrefu.
• Ikilinganishwa na transfoma ya msukumo:EL050L hutoa ubadilishaji wa kiwango cha DC tuli, wakati transfoma hupitisha tu ishara ya AC. Pia ni ndogo zaidi, na haihitaji sakiti ngumu ya kuendesha kwa ajili ya kurekebisha umbo la ishara.

7.2 Frequently Asked Questions (Parameter-Based)

Swali: Je, naweza kudhibiti moja kwa moja taa ya LED ya ingizo kwa kutumia pini ya udhibiti wa 5V?
Jibu: Hapana. Ni lazima utumie resistor ya kuzuia mkondo. Kwa pini ya MCU ya 5V, V_drive=5V. Kwa kudhani V_F≈1.5V, I inayotarajiwa_F=10mA, basi R_limit= (5V - 1.5V) / 0.01A = 350Ω. Upinzani wa 330Ω au 360Ω unafaa.

Swali: Upinzani wa kuvuta juu (R) wa thamani gani ninapaswa kutumia kwenye pato?_L)?
A: Inategemea mahitaji yako ya kasi na matumizi ya nguvu. Ili kupata kasi ya juu zaidi, tumia 1.9kΩ (ikiwa V_CC=3.3V, basi I_OL≈1.7mA). Kwa matumizi ya nguvu ya chini na kasi ya wastani, kawaida hutumia 4.7kΩ au 10kΩ. Thibitisha kuwa kwenye I uliyochagua_ILUnder, is your load input logic low-level threshold (V_OL) safely above the optocoupler's V_OL.

Q: The CTR range is very wide (7% to 50%). How does this affect my design?
A: You must design based on the worst-case minimum CTR (5% under specific datasheet conditions) to ensure the output can always sink sufficient current to achieve a valid logic-low voltage. If your design margin is insufficient at the minimum CTR, you may need to increase the input LED current (I_F).

Q: Is a 3750Vrms isolation rating sufficient for my industrial application?
A: 3750Vrms is a standard rating for functional isolation in many industrial control systems. For reinforced isolation or applications with higher mains voltages (e.g., 480VAC three-phase), you must check the specific safety standards (IEC/UL 60747-5-5) to ensure the device's ratings meet the required working voltage, pollution degree, and material group criteria.

8. Kanuni ya Uendeshaji na Mwelekeo wa Teknolojia

8.1 Kanuni ya Uendeshaji

EL050L inafanya kazi kulingana na kanuni ya msingi ya ubadilishaji wa mwanga kwa umeme. Wakati mkondo wa mbele unatumika kwa LED ya infrared upande wa pembejeo (pini 2-3), hutoa fotoni. Fotoni hizi hupita kwenye kizuizi cha kutengwa kilicho wazi (kwa kawaida silikoni iliyotengenezwa au mchanganyiko wa plastiki) na kufikia eneo lenye usikivu wa mwanga la kigunduzi kilicho upande wa pato. Mzunguko wa kigunduzi (ukijumuisha photodiode na kiwango cha kuongeza, ambacho kinaweza kuwa kikuza cha upinzani na kulinganisha/mlango wa mantiki) hubadilisha ishara ya mwanga kurudi kuwa ishara ya umeme. Utendaji wa "kuchaguliwa" kwenye pini 7 unaonyesha kuwa kiwango cha pato kina pembejeo ya ziada ya udhibiti, ambayo inaweza kutumika kudhibiti pato ili kupunguza matumizi ya nguvu au kufanikisha ushiriki wa basi. Faida kuu ni kutokuwepo kabisa kwa muunganisho wa mkondo (umeme) kati ya pande mbili, na hivyo kutoa kutengwa kwa juu kwa voltage na upinzani kwa kelele.

8.2 Mwelekeo wa Sekta

Mwelekeo katika kutengwa kwa ishara unaelekea kwenye ushirikiano wa juu zaidi, kasi ya juu zaidi, na ufanisi wa juu wa nishati. Ingawa viunganishi vya mwanga vya jadi bado vinashika nafasi katika matumizi yanayohitaji voltage ya juu sana ya kutengwa na uaminifu wa muda mrefu uliothibitishwa, visambazaji nambari kulingana na teknolojia ya CMOS vinachukua sehemu ya soko katika mawasiliano ya nambari ya kasi ya juu (USB, Ethernet) na katika maeneo ambapo nguvu ya chini na ukubwa mdogo ni muhimu sana. Vifaa vilivyochanganywa vinavyochanganya faida za teknolojia zote mbili (kwa mfano, muunganisho wa mwanga kwa kasi ya juu na kiendeshi cha CMOS kilichojumuishwa) pia vinazidi kuibuka. Zaidi ya hayo, kukabiliana na kasi ya haraka zaidi ya kubadili ya semiconductor za nguvu za kisasa za silicon carbide (SiC) na gallium nitride (GaN) katika viendeshi vya mota ya hali ya juu na vyanzo vya umeme, sekta inaendelea kusukuma maendeleo ya usugu wa juu zaidi wa msukumo wa kawaida (CMTI).