LTP-181FFM LED Dot Matrix Display Datasheet - 1.86 Inch (47.4mm) Height - Green & Super Bright Red - 16x16 Dot Matrix - Simplified Chinese Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

LTP-181FFM ni moduli ya wastani ya ukubwa ya kuonyesha matrix yenye rangi mbili, iliyoundwa kwa matumizi yanayohitaji kuonyesha kwa uwazi taarifa za herufi-nambari au alama. Kazi yake kuu ni kutoa kiolesura cha pato la kuona linaloundwa na diodes zinazong'aa (LED) zinazoweza kushughulikiwa kwa pekee zilizopangwa kwenye gridi.

1.1 Core Advantages and Target Market

Kifaa hiki kimeundwa na faida muhimu kadhaa, na kukifanya kifae kwa matumizi ya viwanda, biashara na vyombo vya kupima. Kinaurefu wa herufi wa inchi 1.86 (milimita 47.4), inahakikisha usomaji bora katika umbali mrefu. Onyesho linatoaMwangaza wa juu na tofauti ya juu, hata katika mazingira yenye mwanga mkubwa inahakikisha kuonekana. YakePembe ya mtazamo panaInaruhusu kutazama taarifa kwa uwazi kutoka sehemu tofauti za uso wa skrini.

Kutokana na mtazamo wa kuegemea, ina sifa ya asili ya teknolojia ya LEDUthabiti wa hali ngumu, inamaanisha hakuna sehemu zinazosonga na maisha marefu ya huduma. YakeMahitaji ya nguvu ya chini, ni ya kuokoa nishati sana. Sifa muhimu ya kiufundi ni kwamba moduli inawezaKusonganisha wima na mlalo, enabling the creation of larger display panels or multi-row displays without complex interfaces. The LEDs also undergoLuminous intensity binning, ensuring brightness consistency between different units and within the dot matrix, which is crucial for uniform appearance.

Soko lengwa linajumuisha skrini za taarifa za umma, paneli za udhibiti wa viwanda, vifaa vya kupima na kupimia, alama za trafiki, na mfumo wowote unaohitaji kuonyesha hali au data kwa uimara, uaminifu, na uwazi.

2. Maelezo ya Vipimo vya Kiufundi

LTP-181FFM ni skrini ya matrix ya nukta yenye safu 16 kwa safu 16. Inatumia teknolojia mbili tofauti za semiconductor za LED ili kufikia uwezo wa kuonyesha rangi mbili.

2.1 Maelezo ya Kifaa na Teknolojia

Chipi ya LED ya kijani kibichi hutumiaNyenzo za GaP kwenye GaP substrateThese ratings define the limits beyond which permanent damage to the device may occur. They are specified at an ambient temperature (TAluminum indium gallium phosphide (AlInGaP)technology, specifically labeled as "super bright red," indicating high efficiency and purity in the red spectrum. These red chips are grown onSubstrate ya GaAs isiyo na uwaziJuu. Onyesho linaPaneli nyeusiIt enhances contrast by absorbing ambient light and adds aDiffusion film, blending individual light points into a more uniform character appearance, reducing the "dot-like" visual effect.

2.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Viwango hivi vinabainisha mipaka ambayo kifaa kinaweza kuharibika kwa kudumu. Vimebainishwa kwa joto la mazingira (T_A) lililowekwa kuwa 25°C.

• Matumizi ya wastani ya nguvu kwa kila nukta:Kijani: 36 mW, Nyekundu ya kung'aa sana: 40 mW.
• Kilele cha sasa cha mbele kwa kila nukta:Kijani: 100 mA, Nyekundu ya kung'aa sana: 90 mA.
• Wastani wa sasa cha mbele kwa kila nukta:Green: 13 mA, super bright red: 15 mA. This rating must be linearly derated above 25°C, with a derating rate of 0.17 mA/°C for green and 0.2 mA/°C for red.
• Reverse voltage per point:Both colors are 5 V.
• Operating and Storage Temperature Range:-35°C to +85°C.
• Soldering Temperature:Kipimo kifanyike kwa sekunde 3 kwenye joto la 260°C, mahali pa kipimo pakuwe chini ya 1/16 inchi (≈1.59 mm) kutoka kwenye ndege ya usakinishaji wa kifuniko.

2.3 Electrical and Optical Characteristics

Hizi ni vigezo vya utendaji vinavyohakikishwa chini ya hali maalum za majaribio zilizobainishwa kwenye T_A= 25°C.

2.3.1 Green LED Characteristics

• Nguvu ya wastani ya mwanga (I_V):Thamani ya kawaida 1400 µcd, thamani ya chini 500 µcd. Masharti ya majaribio: Upeo wa sasa (I_p) = 35 mA, duty cycle 1/16.
• Peak emission wavelength (λ_p):565 nm (typical). Test conditions: Forward current (I_F) = 20 mA.
• Spectral line half-width (Δλ):30 nm (typical value). I_F= 20 mA.
• Dominant wavelength (λ_d):569 nm (typical value). I_F= 20 mA.
• Forward voltage per point (V_F):At I_F=80mA, typical value 2.6 V (maximum 3.7 V); at I_F=20mA, typical value 2.1 V.
• Reverse current per point (I_R):Katika V_R= 5V, thamani ya juu ni 100 µA.
• Uwiano wa usawa wa nguvu ya mwanga (I_V-m):Upeo wa uwiano kati ya pointi zozote mbili ni 1.6:1. Masharti ya kipimo: I_p= 35 mA, uwiano wa wakati wa kazi 1/16.

2.3.2 Sifa za AlInGaP Super Bright Red LED

• Nguvu ya wastani ya mwanga (I_V):Thamani ya kawaida 1500 µcd, thamani ya chini 500 µcd. Masharti ya kipimo: I_p= 15 mA, duty cycle 1/16.
• Peak emission wavelength (λ_p):650 nm (typical). I_F= 20 mA.
• Spectral line half-width (Δλ):35 nm (typical). I_F= 20 mA.
• Dominant wavelength (λ_d):639 nm (typical). I_F= 20 mA.
• Forward voltage per point (V_F):At I_F=80mA, typical value 2.8 V (implied maximum 3.7 V); at I_FTypical value is 2.6 V at =20mA.
• Reverse current per point (I_R):Katika V_R= 5V, thamani ya juu ni 100 µA.
• Uwiano wa usawa wa nguvu ya mwanga (I_V-m):Maximum 1.6:1. Test condition: I_p= 15 mA, duty cycle 1/16.

Note: Luminous intensity is measured using a sensor and filter approximating the CIE photopic response curve.

3. Maelezo ya Mfumo wa Kugawanya Daraja

Spec inasema LED imepitiaLuminous intensity binning. Huu ni mchakato muhimu wa kugawa daraja.

• Kugawa daraja kwa nguvu ya mwanga:Uwiano wa juu unaokubalika wa 1.6:1 unahakikisha kuwa ndani ya moduli moja ya kuonyesha, chini ya hali sawa za kuendesha, hakuna doa la LED linalong'aa zaidi ya 60% kuliko doa lenye mwanga mdogo zaidi. Hii ni muhimu kwa kufikia usawa wa mwangaza wa herufi na eneo lote la kuonyesha, na kuzuia kuonekana kwa "sehemu zenye joto kali" au sehemu zenye mwanga dhaifu.
• Urefu wa wimbi:Ingawa maadili ya kawaida ya urefu wa wimbi wa kilele (565nm, 650nm) na urefu wa wimbi kuu (569nm, 639nm) yametolewa, tofauti za uzalishaji zimedhibitiwa ili kuhakikisha rangi ya kijani na nyekundu ziko ndani ya masafa ya kuona yanayokubalika. Data ya upana wa nusu ya wigo (30nm, 35nm) inaonyesha usafi wa rangi.
• Forward Voltage:The specified range (e.g., 2.1V to 3.7V for green at high current) accounts for natural variations in semiconductor manufacturing. The drive circuit must be designed to accommodate this range to ensure uniform brightness.

4. Uchambuzi wa Mkunjo wa Utendaji

The datasheet referencesTypical Electrical/Optical Characteristic Curves. Although the provided text does not detail specific charts, the standard curves for such devices typically include:

• I-V (Current-Voltage) Curve:It shows the relationship between forward current and forward voltage for a single LED point. It is nonlinear, with a turn-on/threshold voltage (approximately 1.8-2.0V for these colors), after which the current increases rapidly with a small increase in voltage. This curve is crucial for designing current-limiting circuits.
• Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current (I_F):It shows how light output increases with current. It is typically linear over a wide range but saturates at very high currents due to thermal effects.
• Luminous Intensity vs. Ambient Temperature:Inaonyesha jinsi pato la mwanga linavyopungua kadiri joto la kiungo cha LED linavyopanda. Kupunguzwa huku kunahusiana moja kwa moja na kupunguzwa kwa mkondo wa wastani uliobainishwa katika viwango vya juu kabisa.
• Usambazaji wa Wigo:Grafu ya nguvu ya jamaa dhidi ya urefu wa wimbi, inayoonyesha urefu wa wimbi wa kilele na urefu wa wimbi mkuu pamoja na upana wa nusu ya wigo, kuthibitisha sifa za rangi.

5. Mechanical and Packaging Information

5.1 Package Dimensions

The datasheet contains detailed mechanical drawings (not shown here). Key notes in the drawings indicateAll dimensions are in millimeters (mm)., andThe default tolerance is ±0.25 mm (0.01 in).Isipokuwa sifa maalum zimebainishwa vinginevyo. Mchoro huu unafafanua vipimo vya jumla vya umbo, nafasi za mashimo ya usakinishaji, eneo linaloonekana la safu ya LED, na nafasi kamili na umbali wa pini 48.

5.2 Pin Connections and Circuit Diagram

Kifaa hiki kinatumia ufungaji wa safu mbili za pini 48. Kutokana na matumizi ya safu ya 16x16 yenye matumizi mengi, ufafanuzi wa pini ni ngumu zaidi. Pini zimepewa majina kamaSafu ya anodi ya pamoja或Column Cathode, and has dedicated pins for green and red LEDs. For example, Pin 3 is the Column Cathode for Green Column 1, while Pin 11 is the Column Cathode for Red Column 1. This arrangement allows the controller to select a row (by applying a positive voltage to its common anode) and then sink current through the corresponding column cathode pin to illuminate a specific green or red dot in that row.

The datasheet references an internal schematic, which typically shows the interconnection of all 256 LEDs (16x16), clarifying which anode row and cathode column control each specific LED dot for each color.

6. Soldering and Assembly Guide

Mwongozo mkuu unaotolewa niMkunjo wa Joto la Uchomeaji: 260°C kwa sekunde 3, sehemu ya kipimo iko chini ya mwili wa kifuniko inchi 1/16 (1.59 mm). Hii ni sehemu ya kumbukumbu ya kawaida ya kulehemu kwa mawimbi au kwa mkono, ili kuzuia uharibifu wa joto kupita kiasi kwa LED ya ndani au kifuniko cha plastiki. Kwa kulehemu kwa kuyeyusha tena, profaili ya kawaida isiyo na risasi yenye kilele cha joto cha takriban 260°C inafaa, lakini wakati juu ya mstari wa kioevu (TAL) unapaswa kudhibitiwa ili kukidhi kanuni ya mwongozo ya sekunde 3 katika kiwango cha pini.

Uendeshaji unapaswa kufuata tahadhari za kawaida za ESD (utokaji umeme tuli) kwa vifaa vya semiconductor. Uhifadhi unapaswa kuwa katika anuwai maalum ya joto ya -35°C hadi 85°C, na katika mazingira ya unyevunyevu mdogo.

7. Mapendekezo ya Matumizi

7.1 Typical Application Scenarios

• Industrial Control Panel:Onyesha hali ya mashine, hesabu ya uzalishaji, msimbo wa makosa au thamani iliyowekwa.
• Vifaa vya kupima majaribio:Onyesha usomaji wa nambari, vitengo na viashiria vya hali.
• Kiolezo cha habari:Used in public places to display simple messages, queue numbers, or transportation schedules.
• Stacked Display System:Multiple modules can be combined to display longer text information, larger fonts, or multiple lines of data.

7.2 Design Considerations

• Drive Circuit:A microcontroller with sufficient I/O pins or a dedicated LED display driver IC (such as MAX7219 or similar multiplexing drivers) is required to manage the 16:1 multiplexing (16 rows). The driver must provide the peak current required by the selected point (e.g., 80mA per point, divided by the duty cycle).
• Current Limiting:An external current-limiting resistor or constant-current driver must be used for each cathode column (or its grouping) to prevent exceeding the absolute maximum current and to set the desired brightness. Calculations must use the maximum V_Fto ensure safe current under all conditions.
• Thermal Management:Inapaswa kuzingatia kanuni za kupunguza mkazo wa sasa ya wastani kulingana na joto. Katika hali ya joto ya juu ya mazingira, inaweza kuhitajika kupunguza uwiano wa wakati wa matumizi ya kawaida au sasa ya kilele, ili kudumisha joto la kiungo ndani ya mipaka salama na kudumisha uthabiti wa mwangaza.
• Pembe ya Mtazamo:Pembe pana ya mtazamo ni ya manufaa, lakini inapaswa kuzingatiwa wakati wa kubuni kifuniko cha mitambo, ili kusawazisha na nafasi inayotarajiwa ya mwangalizi.

8. Technical Comparison and Differentiation

Ikilinganishwa na skrini za kawaida za monokromu au za matriki ndogo zaidi, LTP-181FFM ina faida dhahiri:

• Uwezo wa Rangi Mbili:Kutumia LED maalum ya kijani kibichi na nyekundu ya juu ya ufanisi ya AlInGaP, inaruhusu maelezo ya rangi mbili kuwasilishwa (kwa mfano, kijani kibichi kinamaanisha hali ya kawaida, nyekundu inamaanisha tahadhari/onyo), ikiongeza msongamano na uwazi wa maelezo.
• Urefu Mkubwa wa Herufi (Inchi 1.86):Ikilinganishwa na gridi ndogo ya 5x7 au 8x8, inatoa usomaji bora wa mbali, ikijaza pengo kati ya viashiria vidogo na alama kubwa.
• Intensity Grading:The guaranteed 1.6:1 intensity matching ratio is a mark of quality, ensuring professional-grade display uniformity, which inexpensive, ungraded displays may lack.
• Stackable Design:Mechanical design facilitates easy assembly of multi-module displays, a feature not commonly found in displays designed for standalone use.

9. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)

Q1: What is the difference between "peak" wavelength and "dominant" wavelength?
A: Peak wavelength (λ_p) is the wavelength at which the emitted light intensity reaches its maximum. Dominant wavelength (λ_d) is the wavelength of monochromatic light that matches the perceived color of the LED. For LEDs, λ_dis typically more relevant to human color perception.

Q2: Why are the test currents for luminous intensity different for green (35mA) and red (15mA)?
A: Hii inaonyesha ufanisi tofauti wa teknolojia mbili za semiconductor. LED nyekundu ya AlInGaP yenye mwangaza mkubwa ina ufanisi wa juu zaidi, inazalisha nguva yake ya kawaida ya mwanga (1500 µcd) chini ya hali ya mkondo wa kuendesha ulio chini kuliko ile inayohitajika na LED ya kijani ya GaP kufikia nguva yake ya kawaida (1400 µcd).

Q3: Je, upinzani wa mfululizo unaohitajika kwa safu unahesabiwaje?
A: Tumia sheria ya Ohm: R = (V_{Power supply}- V_F- V_{Drive transistor voltage drop}) / I_F. Tumia V ya juu kwenye maelezo ya kiufundi_F(kwa mfano, kijani kibichi ni 3.7V kwa 80mA), ili kuhakikisha hata kwa LED zenye V ya chini_F, mkondo hauzidi kikomo kamwe. Fikiria upungufu wa shinikizo (V_{Drive transistor voltage drop}) kwenye transistor/MOSFET inayoendesha safu. Mkondo I_FNi kilele cha mkondo kinachohitajika kwa kila nukta (mfano, 80mA), lakini kumbuka kuwa katika muundo wa kuzidisha, mkondo huu unashirikiwa na nukta zote katika safu zilizoamilishwa ndani ya kipande cha wakati cha safu moja.

Q4: "1/16 DUTY" katika masharti ya majaribio inamaanisha nini?
A: Inaashiria kuwa skrini inaendeshwa katika hali ya kuzidisha ya 1/16 ya wajibu. Hii ni ya kawaida kwa gridi ya safu 16. Kila safu inawashwa tu kwa 1/16 ya muda wa jumla wa mzunguko wa kusasisha. Ukubwa wa mwanga hupimwa chini ya hali hii, ambayo pia ndivyo skrini inavyotumika kwa matumizi halisi. Kilele cha mkondo wakati wa "kufunguliwa" ni juu kuliko mkondo wa wastani, ili kulipa fidia kwa wajibu mdogo na kufikia mwangaza wa wastani unaohitajika.

10. Uchambuzi wa Kesi za Matumizi ya Ubunifu

Scenario: Design a multi-line production counter display.
An engineer needs to design a display for the factory floor to show the machine's current production count and target value. They choose to vertically stack two LTP-181FFM modules.

Implementation Plan:A single microcontroller drives two display modules. The firmware manages a 16-line multiplexing routine, refreshing each line sequentially. The top module displays "COUNT: [number]" in green. The bottom module displays "TARGET: [number]" in green. If the machine stops due to an error, the relevant line or a separate "ERROR" message can flash in red on the corresponding module. The stackable design simplifies mechanical installation. High brightness and wide viewing angles ensure operators can see the information from various positions in the workshop. Intensity grading ensures a consistent, uniform appearance when two modules are placed side-by-side.

11. Introduction to Working Principles

LTP-181FFM is based onLED Dot Matrix MultiplexingPrinciple of Operation. It is impractical to equip a 16x16 monochrome or bicolor dot matrix with 256 or more independent leads. Instead, the LEDs are arranged in a grid where the anodes of all LEDs in a single row are connected together (row common anode), and the cathodes of all LEDs of a specific color in a single column are connected together (column cathode).

To illuminate a specific point (e.g., the green point at row 5, column 3), the controller performs the following steps in rapid succession within a refresh cycle: 1) Set the common anode of row 5 to a positive voltage (e.g., +5V). 2) Connect the cathode of column 3 (green) to ground (0V), completing the circuit and allowing current to flow through that specific green LED. All other rows are turned off, and all other column lines are held high (open circuit). By scanning through all 16 rows very quickly (e.g., 100Hz or higher), the persistence of vision creates the illusion that all desired points in the 16x16 dot matrix are lit simultaneously. The bicolor capability simply adds an independent set of cathode pins for the red LEDs, which are controlled independently.

12. Technology Trends

Although the LTP-181FFM utilizes mature GaP (green) and AlInGaP (red) technologies, the broader LED display field is evolving. Trends include:

• More efficient materials:Kugeukia kutoka kwa AlInGaP kwenye GaAs hadi miundo yenye ufanisi zaidi, au kutumia nyenzo za msingi wa InGaN kutengeneza LED nyekundu (ingawa ni changamoto), ili kuboresha ufanisi na anuwai ya rangi.
• Viongozi vilivyojumuishwa:Moduli mpya za onyesho kwa kawaida hujumuisha IC ya kuendesha ya kuzidisha, na wakati mwingine hata kiolesura cha kidhibiti kidogo (kama vile I2C au SPI) moja kwa moja kwenye PCB ya moduli, ikilinganishwa na safu wazi ya LED kama LTP-181FFM, hurahisisha kwa kiasi kikubwa muundo wa mzunguko wa nje.
• Surface Mount Technology (SMT):Many modern LED dot matrix displays use SMT LEDs and packages, allowing for thinner profiles, automated assembly, and potentially higher resolution. The through-hole design of the LTP-181FFM is robust and suitable for applications where manual soldering or repair may occur.
• Full-color RGB dot matrix:For more advanced graphics or multi-color text applications, dot matrix displays integrating red, green, and blue (RGB) LEDs per pixel are becoming increasingly common, although they require more complex driving electronics.

The LTP-181FFM represents a reliable, high-performance solution in its category, striking a balance between size, brightness, dual-color capability, and design flexibility, making it suitable for a wide range of embedded display applications.