Oval LED Lamp Bead 3474DKRR/MS Datasheet - Dimensions 3.4x7.4mm - Voltage 1.6-2.6V - Power 120mW - Bright Red - Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

Waraka huu unatoa maelezo kamili ya kiufundi ya taa ya LED ya umbo la duaradufu ya 3474DKRR/MS. Kifaa hiki kimetengenezwa kwa teknolojia ya AlGaInP chip, hutoa mwanga mwekundu mkali, na kimefungwa ndani ya lenzi nyekundu ya kutawanyika. Madhumuni yake makuu ya muundo ni kutumika katika mifumo ya habari kwa abiria na matumizi mbalimbali ya alama, ambayo ni muhimu kwa mawasiliano ya kuona wazi na ya wazi.

此LED的核心优势包括其高发光强度输出、定义清晰的独特椭圆形空间辐射模式，以及X轴90°、Y轴45°的宽视角配置。这种非对称视角专为匹配标识中混色应用的需求而设计。封装采用抗紫外线环氧树脂制成，确保在户外环境下的长期可靠性。此外，该产品符合RoHS、欧盟REACH及无卤标准（Br <900 ppm， Cl <900 ppm， Br+Cl <1500 ppm），适用于具有严格环保法规的全球市场。

1.1 Target Applications

3474DKRR/MS inafaa kabisa kwa matumizi yanayohitaji kuonekana kwa juu na uthabiti wa rangi. Soko lake kuu lengwa linajumuisha:

• Alama za michoro zenye rangi:Inatumika katika usafiri wa umma, viwanja ndege na viwanja vya michezo.
• Bodi za matangazo ya habari:Used to display dynamic information in public spaces.
• Variable Message Sign (VMS):Crucial for traffic management and highway information systems.
• Commercial Outdoor Advertising:Providing bright and reliable illumination for advertising displays.

2. In-depth Technical Parameter Analysis

2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

These ratings define the limits beyond which permanent damage to the device may occur. Operation at or beyond these limits is not guaranteed.

• ):_R):5V. Exceeding this voltage under reverse bias may cause junction breakdown.
• Forward Current (I_F):50 mA (continuous).
• Peak Forward Current (I_FP):160 mA (duty cycle 1/10 @ 1kHz). This allows short pulses of higher current, suitable for multiplexing in display applications.
• Power dissipation (P_d):120 mW. This is the maximum power that can be dissipated by the package at Ta=25°C. Proper thermal management is required when operating near the maximum current.
• Operating temperature (T_opr):-40°C to +85°C. This wide range ensures normal operation in harsh outdoor environments.
• Storage temperature (T_stg):-40°C to +100°C.
• Welding temperature (T_sol):260°C kwa sekunde 5. Hii inatumika kwa mchakato wa kuuza kwa mawimbi au kuuza kwa kurudisha.

2.2 Electro-Optical Characteristics (Ta=25°C)

Vigezo hivi vinapimwa chini ya hali ya kawaida ya majaribio (I_F=20mA), na vinawakilisha utendaji wa kawaida wa kifaa.

• Mwangaza wa Mwanga (I_v):1976-4600 mcd (Thamani ya kawaida: 2800 mcd). Uzalishaji huu wa juu ndio sifa muhimu ya kufikia kuonekana chini ya mwanga wa jua.
• Pembe ya Mtazamo (2θ_1/2):X: 90°, Y: 45°. The elliptical spot is optimized for horizontal viewing of the mark.
• Peak Wavelength (λ_p):632 nm (Typical). The specific wavelength corresponding to the maximum spectral emission.
• Dominant Wavelength (λ_d):619-629 nm (Typical: 621 nm). This defines the perceived color (bright red).
• Spectral Bandwidth (Δλ):20 nm (typical). Indicates the spectral purity of the emitted light.
• Forward Voltage (V_F):1.6V - 2.6V (at I_F=20mA). This parameter must be considered when designing the drive circuit.
• Reverse current (I_R):Maximum 10 μA (at V_R=5V).

3. Mfumo wa Kugawanya Maelezo

Ili kuhakikisha uthabiti wa rangi na mwangaza katika uzalishaji, LED zinagawanywa katika vikundi tofauti vya kiwango. Hii inawawezesha wasanifu kuchagua vipengele vinavyokidhi mahitaji maalum ya matumizi.

3.1 Kugawanya Kwa Nguvu ya Mwanga

Ufafanuzi wa viwango una uvumilivu wa ±10%. Wabunifu wanaweza kuchagua viwango kulingana na kiwango cha mwangaza kinachohitajika, viwango vya juu zaidi (k.m. RE) hutoa nguvu ya juu zaidi.

• RA:1976 - 2370 mcd
• RB:2370 - 2840 mcd
• RC:2840 - 3400 mcd
• RD:3400 - 4080 mcd
• RE:4080 - 4600 mcd

3.2 Dominant Wavelength Binning

Wavelength binning ensures color uniformity across the entire display. The tolerance is ±1nm.

• R1:619 - 624 nm
• R2:624 - 629 nm

4. Performance Curve Analysis

The datasheet provides several characteristic curves, which are crucial for understanding the device's behavior under different operating conditions.

4.1 Spectral Distribution

Mkunjo wa nguvu ya jamaa dhidi ya urefu wa wigo unaonyesha usambazaji mwembamba wa Gauss unaozingatia 632 nm (kilele), na upana wa kawaida wa wigo wa 20 nm. Hii inathibitisha utoaji wa mwanga wa nyekundu safi.

4.2 Directivity Pattern

4.3 Electrical Characteristics

The forward current versus forward voltage (I-V) curve demonstrates the typical exponential relationship of a diode. At a test current of 20mA, the forward voltage typically ranges from 1.6V to 2.6V. The relative intensity versus forward current curve is nearly linear within the operating range, indicating that brightness can be effectively controlled by current.

4.4 Temperature Dependence

The relative intensity versus ambient temperature curve shows that light output decreases as temperature increases, which is a common characteristic of LEDs. The forward current versus ambient temperature curve (likely under constant voltage) illustrates how the device's operating point changes with temperature, which is crucial for thermal management in the final application.

5. Mechanical and Packaging Information

5.1 Package Dimensions

This LED is packaged in a standard oval lamp bead. Key dimensions include the overall body size and the lead pitch. The lead pitch is 2.54mm, which is compatible with standard PCB layouts. An important note is that the maximum protrusion of the resin below the flange is 1.5mm; this factor must be considered during mechanical mounting and PCB keep-out area design. All unspecified dimensional tolerances are ±0.25mm.

5.2 Polarity Identification

Cathode kawaida huonyeshwa kwa uso wa gorofa kwenye lenzi au pini fupi. Chati ya data ya kifurushi maalum (3474DKRR/MS) inapaswa kukaguliwa kwa alama kamili. Upekee sahihi wa miguu ni muhimu ili kuzuia uharibifu wa upendeleo wa nyuma.

6. Welding and Assembly Guide

Usindikaji sahihi ni muhimu kudumisha utendakazi na uaminifu wa LED.

6.1 Umbo la Pini

Bending must occur at least 3mm away from the bottom of the epoxy lamp bead to avoid stress on the internal chip connection points.

• Forming should always be performed
• Kabla ya kuchomeleaKutekelezwa. Mkazo uliozidi wakati wa umbizo unaweza kusababisha epoksi kupasuka au kuharibu muunganisho wa waya. soldering.
• Kata pini kwenye halijoto ya kawaida; kukata kwa joto la juu kunaweza kusababisha mshtuko wa joto.
• Mashimo ya PCB lazima yalingane kikamilifu na pinzi za LED ili kuepuka mkazo wa usakinishaji, ambao unaweza kusababisha kupungua kwa utendaji wa muhuri wa epoxy baada ya muda.
• 6.2 Masharti ya Uhifadhi

Masharti yanayopendekezwa ya uhifadhi: ≤30°C na unyevunyevu wa jamaa ≤70%.

• Urefu wa maisha baada ya usafirishaji: Chini ya hali hii ni miezi 3.
• Kwa uhifadhi wa muda mrefu zaidi (hadi mwaka 1), vifaa vinapaswa kuhifadhiwa kwenye chombo kilichotiwa muhuri chenye mazingira ya gesi ya nitrojeni na draya.
• Epuka mabadiliko ya ghafla ya joto katika mazingira yenye unyevunyevu, ili kuzuia umande kujikusanya kwenye vipengele.
• 6.3 Welding Process

Wakati wa kuunganisha kwa mkono au kwa wimbi la mafuta, alama ya kuunganishwa inapaswa kuwa umbali wa zaidi ya 3mm kutoka kwa taa ya mwanga ya epoxy.

• Inashauriwa kuunganisha tu hadi chini ya boriti ya fremu ya waya.
• Kiwango cha juu cha joto cha kulehemu ni 260°C kwa sekunde 5, ambacho kinaendana na mkunjo wa kawaida wa kulehemu bila risasi.
• 7. Ufungaji na Taarifa za Kuagiza

7.1 Ufungaji wa Kinga ya Unyevu

LED hutolewa kwenye ufungashaji wa kinga ya unyevu ili kuzuia uharibifu wakati wa uhifadhi na usafirishaji. Kwa kawaida huwekwa kwenye mkanda wa kubebea wenye mfumo wa mabomba.

7.2 Carrier Tape and Reel Specifications

Vipimo vya kina vya mkanda wa kubeba vinatolewa, ikiwa ni pamoja na nafasi ya mashimo ya usambazaji (P=12.70mm), nafasi ya vipengele (F=2.54mm) na vipimo vya mfuko. Hizi ni muhimu kwa kuweka vifaa vya kiotomatiki vya kupachika.

7.3 Package Quantity

Standard packaging: 2500 pieces per inner box.

• Shipping packaging: 10 inner boxes per master carton (25,000 pieces in total).
• 7.4 Label Description and Part Number Analysis

Lebo ya ufungaji inajumuisha maelezo muhimu ya kufuatilia na vipimo:

CPN:

• Customer Internal Part Number.P/N:
• Manufacturer Part Number (e.g., 3474DKRR/MS).QTY:
• Idadi ndani ya kifurushi.CAT:
• Msimbo wa kiwango cha nguvu ya mwanga (mfano, RA, RB, RC...).HUE:
• Msimamo wa urefu wa wimbi kuu (mfano, R1, R2).REF:
• Forward voltage binning code (if applicable).LOT No:
• Production lot number, used for quality traceability.Part Number Structure 3474 D K R R - □ □ □ □ allows specifying different grading and optional features.

8. Application Design Considerations

8.1 Drive Circuit Design

Kutokana na sifa za diode za kielelezo za I-V, inashauriwa sana kutumia udhibiti wa mkondo (badala ya udhibiti wa voltage) kudhibiti LED. Kwa matumizi ya msingi, unaweza kutumia upinzani wa mfululizo rahisi, lakini madereva ya mkondo wa mara kwa mara hutoa utulivu bora zaidi chini ya mabadiliko ya joto na voltage ya umeme. Mkondo wa juu unaoendelea ni 50mA; kwa operesheni ya msukumo, tafadhali rejelea I

8.2 Usimamizi wa Joto_FP rating.

Ingawa kifaa kina anuwai pana ya joto la uendeshaji, kudumisha joto la kiungo chini kunaweza kuongeza maisha ya kifaa na kudumisha pato la mwanga. Ikiwa unafanya kazi karibu na mkondo wa juu zaidi (I

=50mA) au kwa joto la juu la mazingira, hakikisha eneo la kutosha la shaba la PCB au hatua za kupoza joto._F8.3 Ujumuishaji wa Optics

Muundo wa mionzi usio na ulinganifu (mviringo) unafaa kabisa kwa kuangazia maeneo ya mstatili yanayojulikana kwenye alama. Wakati wa kubuni safu, angle ya mtazamo inapaswa kuzingatiwa ili kuhakikisha kuonekana sare kutoka kwa nafasi inayotarajiwa ya kutazama. Inapaswa kuepukana kuchanganya LED za viwango tofauti vya nguvu/wavelength kwenye onyesho moja, ili kuzuia kutofautiana kwa kuonekana.

9. Technical Comparison and Differentiation

The 3474DKRR/MS differentiates itself through its specific elliptical beam pattern, which is uncommon in standard circular LEDs. This provides a more efficient and tailored light distribution for horizontal signage without the need for secondary optics. Its high luminous intensity, based on the AlGaInP chip, offers superior brightness and color saturation compared to some alternative technologies for red emission. The combination of a wide operating temperature range, environmental compliance, and a well-defined binning structure makes it a robust and predictable choice for professional signage applications.

10. Maswali Yanayoulizwa Mara kwa Mara (FAQ)

10.1 Je, Peak Wavelength na Dominant Wavelength zinatofautianaje?

Peak Wavelength (λ

) is the wavelength at which the spectral power distribution reaches its maximum (typical value 632 nm). Dominant wavelength (λ_p) ni urefu wa mawimbi ya mwanga wa rangi moja unaolingana na rangi inayohisiwa na LED (thamani ya kawaida 621 nm). Kwa LED, urefu wa mawimbi kuu kwa kawaida unahusiana zaidi na vipimo vya rangi._d10.2 Can I drive this LED continuously at 160mA?

Hapana. Thamani ya 160mA inayokubalika inahusu

chini ya hali ya msukumokileleya mkondo wa mwelekeo sahihi (uwiano wa kazi 1/10 @ 1kHz). UpeoContinuousForward Current (I_F) is 50mA. Exceeding this value may lead to overheating, accelerated luminous flux decay, and catastrophic failure.

10.3 How to interpret the 90°/45° viewing angle?

This indicates the angular range where the luminous intensity is at least half of the maximum intensity (half-intensity points). The pattern is elliptical: 90° in the horizontal (X) plane and 45° in the vertical (Y) plane. This is ideal for applications requiring a wide horizontal viewing angle, such as roadside signage.

10.4 Why are storage conditions important for LEDs?

LED packaging absorbs moisture from the atmosphere. During high-temperature soldering, this trapped moisture rapidly expands, causing internal delamination or the "popcorn" effect, which damages the packaging and destroys the device. Specified storage conditions and shelf life can prevent excessive moisture absorption.

11. Mfano wa Utumizi Halisi

Scenario: Designing a single-line text display screen for a bus stop.

1. Requirements:Bright red text visible under direct sunlight, providing pedestrians with a wide horizontal viewing angle, for continuous operation.
2. Uchaguzi wa LED:Chagua 3474DKRR/MS, kwa sababu ya nguvu yake kubwa (chagua safu ya RD au RE ili kupata mwangaza wa juu zaidi) na pembe ya kuona ya usawa ya digrii 90.
3. Usanifu wa Sakiti:Design a constant current driver that provides 20mA for each LED. This delivers typical luminous intensity while ensuring long-term reliability and consistency. The series resistor is determined based on the driver's output voltage and the LED's V_F range.
4. Mechanical Layout:LEDs are placed on the PCB with hole positions matching a 2.54mm pin pitch. The orientation of the oval lens is adjusted to maximize 90° light diffusion along the text line. A diffuser panel can be placed in front to blend individual light spots into smooth characters.
5. Thermal Considerations:The PCB design must have sufficient copper area for heat dissipation, as the display may be enclosed and exposed to direct summer sunlight.

12. Kanuni ya Uendeshaji

3474DKRR/MS ni chanzo cha mwanga cha semiconductor. Kiini chake ni chipi iliyotengenezwa kwa nyenzo za alumini-gali-indi-fosforasi (AlGaInP). Wakati voltage chanya inatumika, elektroni na mashimo huingizwa kwenye eneo lenye uwezo la semiconductor na huchanganyika huko. Mchakato huu wa kuchanganyika hutoa nishati kwa njia ya fotoni (mwanga). Muundo maalum wa aloi ya AlGaInP huamua nishati ya pengo la bendi, ambayo inafafanua moja kwa moja urefu wa wimbi la mwanga unaotolewa (rangi) — katika mfano huu, uko katika safu ya wigo nyekundu (takriban 621-632 nm). Chipi imefungwa kwa lenzi nyekundu ya epoksi iliyotawanyika, inayotoa ulinzi wa mitambo, kuunda muundo wa mionzi kuwa duaradufu, na kutawanya mwanga ili kutoa muonekano sawa zaidi.

13. Mwelekeo wa Teknolojia

Katika nyanja za ishara na taa maalum, teknolojia ya LED inaendelea kuelekea ufanisi zaidi (lumeni zaidi kwa wati), ubora bora wa kuonyesha rangi, na udhibiti mkubwa wa optiki. Ingawa LED za kawaida za mwanga mweupe zinakua kwa kasi, kwa programu zinazohitaji rangi maalumu zilizojaa, uaminifu wa juu, na saketi rahisi za kuendesha, LED tofauti za rangi kama nyekundu ya msingi wa AlGaInP bado ni muhimu sana. Mienendo inajumuisha ushirikishaji wa saketi za udhibiti kwenye bodi (k.m., LED zinazoweza kushughulikiwa za RGB) na kupunguzwa zaidi kwa ukubwa. Hata hivyo, kwa matumizi ya rangi moja yenye nguvu na mwangaza mkubwa kama ishara za trafiki, vipengele tofauti (k.m., taa za duaradufu zinazozungumziwa hapa) zilizo na uaminifu uliothibitishwa na muundo maalum wa boriti ya mwanga bado zina jukumu muhimu katika usanifu.

Detailed Explanation of LED Specification Terminology

Complete Explanation of LED Technical Terminology

I. Core Indicators of Photoelectric Performance

Istilahi	Kipimo/Uwakilishi	Mafasiri ya Kawaida	Kwa Nini Ni Muhimu
Ufanisi wa Mwanga (Luminous Efficacy)	lm/W (lumen/watt)	Mwanga unaotolewa kwa kila kitengo cha umeme, ufanisi zaidi unapokuwa mkubwa.	Inaamua moja kwa moja kiwango cha ufanisi wa nishati na gharama ya umeme ya taa.
Mfumuko wa Mwanga (Luminous Flux)	lm (lumen)	Jumla ya mwanga unaotolewa na chanzo cha mwanga, unaojulikana kwa kawaida kama "mwangaza".	Huamua kama taa inatosha kuwa na mwangaza.
Pembe ya Kuona (Viewing Angle)	° (digrii), k.m. 120°	Pembe ambapo nguvu ya mwanga hupungua hadi nusu, inayoamua upana wa boriti ya mwanga.	Huathiri eneo la mwangaza na usawa wake.
Joto la rangi (CCT)	K (Kelvin), kama 2700K/6500K	Joto la rangi ya mwanga, thamani ya chini inaelekea manjano/joto, thamani ya juu inaelekea nyeupe/baridi.	Huamua mazingira ya taa na matumizi yanayofaa.
Kielelezo cha Uonyeshaji Rangi (CRI / Ra)	Hakuna kitengo, 0–100	Uwezo wa chanzo cha mwanga kurejesha rangi halisi ya kitu, Ra≥80 ni bora.	Inaathiri ukweli wa rangi, hutumiwa katika maeneo yenye mahitaji makubwa kama maduka makubwa, makumbusho ya sanaa, n.k.
Tofauti ya uvumilivu wa rangi (SDCM)	MacAdam Ellipse Steps, e.g., "5-step"	A quantitative metric for color consistency; a smaller step number indicates better color consistency.	Hakikisha rangi ya taa za kundi moja hazina tofauti.
Mdomo mkuu (Dominant Wavelength)	nm (nanomita), k.m. 620nm (nyekundu)	Thamani ya urefu wa wimbi inayolingana na rangi ya LED zenye rangi.	Huamua hue ya LED za rangi moja kama nyekundu, manjano, kijani, n.k.
Usambazaji wa Wigo (Spectral Distribution)	Mkunjo wa Urefu wa Mawimbi dhidi ya Ukubwa	Inaonyesha usambazaji wa ukubwa wa mwanga unaotolewa na LED katika urefu wa mawimbi tofauti.	Inaathiri ubora wa kuonyesha rangi na ubora wa rangi.

II. Vigezo vya Umeme

Istilahi	Ishara	Mafasiri ya Kawaida	Vidokezo vya Ubunifu
Forward Voltage	Vf	Voltage ya chini inayohitajika kuwasha LED, kama "kizingiti cha kuanzisha".	Voltage ya chanjo ya umeme lazima iwe ≥ Vf, voltage inaongezeka wakati LED nyingi zimeunganishwa mfululizo.
Forward Current	If	The current value that makes the LED emit light normally.	Constant current drive is often used, as current determines brightness and lifespan.
Maksimum ya mkondo wa msukumo (Pulse Current)	Ifp	Kilele cha mkondo kinachoweza kustahimili kwa muda mfupi, kinachotumiwa kwa kudimisha au kumulika.	Pulse width and duty cycle must be strictly controlled to prevent overheating and damage.
Reverse Voltage	Vr	The maximum reverse voltage that an LED can withstand; exceeding this may cause breakdown.	The circuit must be protected against reverse connection or voltage surges.
Upinzani wa joto (Thermal Resistance)	Rth (°C/W)	Upinzani wa joto kutoka kwenye chip hadi kwenye sehemu ya kuunganishia, thamani ya chini inaonyesha usambazaji bora wa joto.	Upinzani wa joto wa juu unahitaji muundo wa nguvu zaidi wa usambazaji wa joto, vinginevyo joto la kiungo litaongezeka.
ESD Immunity	V (HBM), k.m. 1000V	Uwezo wa kukabiliana na mshtuko wa umeme tuli, thamani ya juu zaidi inamaanisha uwezo mkubwa wa kuepusha uharibifu.	Antistatic measures must be implemented during production, especially for high-sensitivity LEDs.

III. Thermal Management and Reliability

Istilahi	Key Indicators	Mafasiri ya Kawaida	Athari
Junction Temperature	Tj (°C)	The actual operating temperature inside the LED chip.	For every 10°C reduction, the lifespan may double; excessively high temperatures cause lumen depreciation and color shift.
Kupungua kwa Mwanga (Lumen Depreciation)	L70 / L80 (saa)	Muda unaohitajika ili mwangaza upunguke hadi 70% au 80% ya thamani ya awali.	Kufafanua moja kwa moja "maisha ya huduma" ya LED.
Lumen Maintenance	% (e.g., 70%)	The percentage of remaining luminous flux after a period of use.	Inaonyesha uwezo wa kudumisha mwangaza baada ya matumizi ya muda mrefu.
Mabadiliko ya Rangi (Color Shift)	Δu′v′ au MacAdam Ellipse	Kiwango cha mabadiliko ya rangi wakati wa matumizi.	Inaathiri uthabiti wa rangi wa eneo la taa.
Uchakavu wa Joto (Thermal Aging)	Kupungua kwa Utendaji wa Nyenzo	Uharibifu wa nyenzo za ufungaji kutokana na joto la juu kwa muda mrefu.	Inaweza kusababisha kupungua kwa mwangaza, mabadiliko ya rangi, au kushindwa kwa mzunguko wazi.

Nne. Ufungaji na Nyenzo

Istilahi	Aina za Kawaida	Mafasiri ya Kawaida	Sifa na Matumizi
Aina za Ufungaji	EMC, PPA, Ceramic	The housing material that protects the chip and provides optical and thermal interfaces.	EMC ina mzuri kwa joto la juu, gharama nafuu; kauri ina utoaji bora wa joto, maisha marefu.
Muundo wa Chip	Usakinishaji wa Kawaida, Usakinishaji wa Kichwa-chini (Flip Chip)	Chip electrode arrangement method.	Flip-chip offers better heat dissipation and higher luminous efficacy, suitable for high-power applications.
Phosphor coating	YAG, silicate, nitride	Coated on the blue LED chip, partially converted to yellow/red light, mixed to form white light.	Fosfori tofauti huathiri ufanisi wa mwanga, halijoto ya rangi na ubora wa kuonyesha rangi.
Lenzi/Usanifu wa Optics	Planar, microlens, total internal reflection	The optical structure on the package surface controls light distribution.	Determines the emission angle and light distribution curve.

V. Quality Control and Binning

Istilahi	Binning Content	Mafasiri ya Kawaida	Kusudi
Mgawanyiko wa Flux ya Mwanga	Misimbo kama vile 2G, 2H	Group by brightness level, each group has a minimum/maximum lumen value.	Ensure consistent brightness for products within the same batch.
Voltage binning	Codes such as 6W, 6X	Grouped according to forward voltage range.	Facilitates driver power matching and improves system efficiency.
Color binning	5-step MacAdam ellipse	Group by color coordinates to ensure colors fall within an extremely small range.	Ensure color consistency to avoid color unevenness within the same luminaire.
Color temperature binning	2700K, 3000K, etc.	Group by color temperature, each group has a corresponding coordinate range.	Meet the color temperature requirements of different scenarios.

VI. Testing and Certification

Istilahi	Kigezo/Uchunguzi	Mafasiri ya Kawaida	Maana
LM-80	Lumen Maintenance Test	Long-term operation under constant temperature conditions, recording data on brightness attenuation.	Inatumika kukadiria maisha ya LED (kwa kuchanganya TM-21).
TM-21	Standard ya Uchanganuzi wa Maisha	Kukadiria maisha chini ya hali halisi za matumizi kulingana na data ya LM-80.	Kutoa utabiri wa kisayansi wa maisha.
IESNA Standard	Illuminating Engineering Society Standard	Inajumu mbinu za kupima mwanga, umeme na joto.	Msingi unaokubalika na tasnia ya kupima.
RoHS / REACH	Eco-certification	Ensure the product does not contain hazardous substances (e.g., lead, mercury).	Masharti ya kuingia katika soko la kimataifa.
ENERGY STAR / DLC	Uthibitisho wa ufanisi wa nishati.	Uthibitishaji wa Ufanisi na Utendaji kwa Bidhaa za Taa.	Hutumiwa kwa mradi wa ununuzi wa serikali, ruzuku, na kuimarisha ushindani wa soko.