LTH-301-07P5 Slot Type Photoelectric Switch Specification Sheet - Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

LTH-301-07P5 is a slot-type photoelectric switch, a type of optoelectronic component specifically designed for non-contact switching applications. It integrates an infrared light-emitting diode (LED) and a phototransistor within a compact slotted housing. Its fundamental operating principle is: an external object interrupts the infrared beam between the emitter and the detector, causing a corresponding change in the output signal of the phototransistor. This design provides a reliable and precise method for the non-contact detection of an object's presence, absence, or position.

The core advantage of this device lies in its non-contact nature, which eliminates mechanical wear, thereby achieving high reliability and long service life. It features fast switching speed, making it suitable for applications requiring rapid detection. The component is designed for direct printed circuit board (PCB) mounting or for use with dual in-line sockets, offering flexibility in system design and assembly.

Soko lengwa la kawaida na matumizi ni pamoja na, lakini siyo tu, vifaa vya otomatiki ya ofisi, kama vile mashine za faksi, nakala, printer na skana. Pia hutumiwa sana katika mifumo mbalimbali ya otomatiki ya viwanda, elektroniki za watumiaji na vyombo vya kupima vinavyohitaji kugundua sahihi vitu.

2. In-depth and Objective Interpretation of Technical Parameters

2.1 Viwango vya Juu Kabisa

Absolute Maximum Ratings define the stress limits that may cause permanent damage to the device. These ratings are specified at an ambient temperature (TA) of 25°C and should not be exceeded, even momentarily, under normal operating conditions.

Input LED:The continuous forward current is limited to 50 mA, with a permissible peak forward current of 1 A under pulse conditions (300 pulses per second, 10 μs pulse width). The maximum power dissipation of the LED is 80 mW. The reverse withstand voltage capability is 5 V, which is a key parameter for protecting the LED from accidental reverse bias.

Output Phototransistor:Collector-Emitter Voltage (V_CE) The rating is 30 V, while the emitter-collector voltage (V_EC) is 5 V. The maximum collector current is 20 mA, and the power dissipation limit is 100 mW. Adhering to these limits is crucial for ensuring the long life and stable operation of the phototransistor.

Environmental Limits:The operating temperature range of the device is rated from -25°C to +85°C. The storage temperature range is wider, from -40°C to +100°C. The pin soldering temperature is specified as 260°C for 5 seconds measured 1.6mm from the case, which is key information for the assembly process.

2.2 Tabia za Umeme na Mwanga

These characteristics define the expected performance of the device under normal operating conditions at 25°C. They provide key parameters for circuit design.

Input LED Characteristics:At a forward current (I_F) of 20 mA, the typical forward voltage (V_F) is 1.2 V, with a maximum of 1.6 V. This parameter is crucial for designing the current-limiting resistor in an LED drive circuit. At a reverse voltage (V_R) of 5 V, the maximum reverse current (I_R) is 100 μA, indicating the leakage current of the LED in the off state.

Sifa za Phototransistor ya Pato:Katika V_CEOWhen =10V, the collector-emitter dark current (I_CE) is a maximum of 100 nA, representing the output leakage current when the LED is off (no light). The breakdown voltage (BV_CEOand BV_ECO) Confirmed the maximum ratings.

Coupler (System) Characteristics:These parameters describe the combined performance of the LED and the phototransistor. When the LED is driven at I_{=20mA and V}=5V, ensuring the on-state collector current (I_F) is at least 0.6 mA. This is the key output signal level when the slot is not obstructed. Under the same conditions, when I_CE=0.2mA, the collector-emitter saturation voltage (V_{) is a maximum of 0.4 V, indicating its good "on" state characteristics. Response time, typical rise time (T}) of 3 μs and a fall time (T_C) of 4 μs (under specific test conditions), defines the device's switching speed capability._r3. Mechanical and Packaging Information_f3.1 Overall Dimensions

LTH-301-07P5 inatumia kifurushi cha kawaida cha kupenya shimo. Mchoro wa kina wa mitambo unapatikana katika maelezo ya vipimo. Vipimo vyote vimebainishwa kwa milimita. Uvumilivu wa kawaida wa vipimo visivyobainishwa ni ±0.25 mm. Vipimo muhimu vinajumuisha urefu, upana na urefu wa jumla wa kifurushi, upana na kina cha mfereji (ambayo hufafanua pengo la kukatiza kupita kwa kitu), na umbali na kipenyo cha pini. Kipengele hiki kimeundwa kwa ajili ya mchakato wa kuunganishwa kwa wimbi la muundo au kwa mkono.

Kutambua Ubaguzi wa Polarity:

Kifaa hiki kina mpangilio maalum wa pini. Kwa kawaida, pini ndefu zaidi au alama maalum kwenye kifurushi huonyesha anode ya LED. Ni lazima kurejelea mchoro wa vipimo ili kupata utambulisho sahihi wa pini (kwa mfano, pini 1 kwa kawaida ni anode ya LED, pini 2 ni cathode ya LED, pini 3 ni emitter ya phototransistor, pini 4 ni collector), ili kuhakikisha mwelekeo sahihi wakati wa usanikishaji wa PCB. Hitilafu ya polarity itasababisha kifaa kushindwa kufanya kazi.

4. Welding and Assembly GuideUsindikaji sahihi wakati wa uchomaji ni muhimu ili kuzuia uharibifu wa kifurushi cha plastiki na chipu ya ndani ya semiconductor.

Tahadhari za Jumla:

Kifuniko kisichomishwe ndani ya solder. Wakati wa mchakato wa kuunganisha, wakati bidhaa iko kwenye hali ya joto kali, usiweke mkazo wowote wa nje kwenye fremu ya pini, kwani hii inaweza kusababisha nyufa za ndani au kusogeza.

Kuunganisha kwa Mkono/Pini:Kwa uuzaji wa mikono, joto la juu la chuma cha kuchomezea linapendekezwa kuwa 350°C. Wakati wa uuzaji kwa kila pini haupaswi kuzidi sekunde 3, na kila pini inapaswa kuchomezwa mara moja tu. Umbali wa mwisho wa mshono kutoka kwa msingi wa kifurushi cha kipengele haupaswi kuwa chini ya mm 2, ili kuzuia uharibifu wa joto.

Uuzaji wa wimbi:Kwa uuzaji wa wimbi wa kiotomatiki, mkunjo maalum wa joto unapendekezwa. Joto la kujipasha haupaswi kuzidi 100°C, na muda wa juu wa kujipasha ni sekunde 60. Joto la juu la wimbi la solder ni 260°C, na muda wa mguso haupaswi kuzidi sekunde 5. Nafasi ya kuzama lazima iwe si chini ya mm 2 kutoka kwa msingi wa kifurushi. Kufuata mkunjo huu wa joto kunazuia mshtuko wa joto na kuhakikisha mwisho wa mshono unaotegemewa, huku ukilinda uadilifu wa kifurushi cha plastiki.

5. Masharti ya Uhifadhi na TahadhariIli kudumisha uwezo wa kuunganishwa kwa kulehemu na kuzuia kudhoofika kwa utendaji, ni lazima kuzingatia masharti maalum ya uhifadhi.

Mazingira bora ya uhifadhi ni joto chini ya 30°C na unyevunyevu wa jamaa chini ya 70%. Vipengele vinapaswa kukusanywa ndani ya miezi 3 tangu tarehe ya utoaji. Ikiwa vipande viko bado ndani ya kifurushi chao asili cha kuzuia unyevu, ili kupanua maisha ya uhifadhi, vinapaswa kuhifadhiwa kwenye chombo kilichotiwa muhuri chenye kivukizi kinachofaa au kwenye kikaushi kilichopulizwa nitrojeni. Hata hivyo, chini ya hali hizi zilizodhibitiwa, muda wa uhifadhi haupaswi kuzidi mwaka mmoja.

一旦打开原始密封包装，元件必须在3个月内使用，并应保存在<25°C且相对湿度<60%的受控环境中。必须避免环境温度的快速变化，尤其是在高湿度环境中，以防止冷凝，冷凝会导致元件引脚氧化。如果存储条件不符合规定标准，引脚的可焊性可能会受到影响。在这种情况下，在生产使用前必须进行可焊性评估和潜在的元件重新筛选。

6. Mapendekezo ya Matumizi

6.1 Mandhari ya Kawaida ya Utumiaji

LTH-301-07P5 inatumika kwa matumizi mengi, inaweza kutumika katika matumizi mengi:

Ugunduzi wa karatasi katika printa/kopi/skena:

Kugundua uwepo wa karatasi, karatasi iliyokwama, au mwisho wa mfuko wa karatasi.

• Kugundua nafasi:Kugundua nafasi ya asili au mipaka ya safari ya utaratibu wa kusonga (kama vile gari la herufi la kichapishi, mkono wa mitambo).
• Usimbuaji wa mzunguko:Used in conjunction with a slotted wheel to measure the speed or position of a rotating shaft.
• Object counting:Counting items on a conveyor belt as they pass through the slot.
• Mfumo wa Usalama:Inatumika kama sehemu ya sensor ya kukatiza mwanga, kwa ajili ya kugundua uvamizi.
• 6.2 Design ConsiderationsWakati wa kubuni saketi inayotumia swichi hii ya fotoelektriki ya aina ya groove, lazima uzingatie mambo kadhaa:

LED drive current:

The recommended operating current is 20 mA. It must be determined based on the power supply voltage (V

• ) and the LED forward voltage (V) Tumia sheria ya Ohm kuhesabu upinzani wa mfululizo: R = (V_CC- V_F) / I_CC. Kwa kutumia V ya kawaida_F=1.2V na usambazaji wa umeme wa 5V, upinzani ni takriban (5V - 1.2V) / 0.02A = 190 ohms. Upinzani wa kawaida wa 200 ohms unafaa._FUpendeleo wa Transistor ya Kielektroniki:_FPato la Transistor ya Kielektroniki linaweza kutumika katika usanidi wa emitter ya kawaida (emitter imewekwa ardhini, collector kupitia upinzani wa mzigo R
• Pull up to V) or used as a switch. R_CCvalue affects the output voltage swing and switching speed. A smaller R_Lprovides faster response but smaller output voltage change. The datasheet test condition uses R_L=100Ω._LSignal Conditioning:_LThe output is an analog current that varies with light intensity. For digital switching applications, it may be necessary to add a comparator or Schmitt trigger circuit after the load resistor to provide a clean digital signal, especially when the interrupting object does not completely block the light beam.
• Ambient Light Rejection:Kwa kuwa kifaa hiki hutumia mwanga wa infrared, kina uwezo wa kukabiliana na mwanga wa mazingira unaoonekana. Hata hivyo, vyanzo vikali vya mwanga wa infrared (kama vile jua, balbu za incandescent) vinaweza kuathiri utendaji. Kutumia ishara ya kuendesha LED iliyorekebishwa na kugundua kwa usawa kunaweza kuimarisha sana uwezo wa kukabiliana na usumbufu wa mwanga wa mazingira.
• Usanidi wa Mitambo:Kitu kinachokatiza lazima kupitie kwenye mfereji kwa uhakika na kukatiza kabisa mwamba wa mwanga, ili kuhakikisha uthabiti wa uendeshaji. Ukubwa wa mfereji pamoja na ukubwa na njia ya kitu lazima zizingatiwe kwa makini.
• 7. Technical Comparison and DifferentiationKama LTH-301-07P5, swichi za fotoelektriki za aina ya groove zinashindana na teknolojia nyingine za kuhisi, kama vile swichi za mitambo za micro-motion, sensorer za athari ya Hall, na sensorer za optiki za kutafakari.

Ikilinganishwa na swichi za mitambo:

Faida kuu ni kutokuwepo kabisa na mguso wa kimwili, na hivyo kutoa maisha ya karibu yasiyo na kikomo ya mitambo, kutokuwepo na kutetereka kwa kontakti, uendeshaji wa kimya, na uaminifu wa juu katika mazingira machafu au yenye vumbi. Hasara inaweza kuwa gharama kubwa kidogo, na hitaji la mzunguko wa elektroniki wa kuendesha.

Ikilinganisho na Sensor ya Optics ya Kutafakari:Kizima cha Photoelectric cha Groove kinatoa usahihi na uthabiti wa juu wa nafasi, kwani mtumaji na kigunduzi vimeelekezwa kwa usahihi katika muundo wa kijiometri uliowekwa. Haziathiriwi kwa urahisi na mabadiliko katika uwiano wa kutafakari wa kitu lengwa. Sensor za kutafakari zinafaa zaidi kwa kugundua vitu kwa umbali mrefu au katika hali ambapo haiwezekani kuweka groove ya kimwili.

Ikilinganisho na Sensor ya Athari ya Hall:Vichunguzi vya Hall hughundua uga wa sumaku, si kukatizwa kwa mwanga. Hutumiwa kugundua nafasi ya sumaku. Uchaguzi unategemea kabisa matumizi: kugundua kitu chochote kisicho na uwazi (kitufe cha mwanga cha aina ya groove) dhidi ya kugundua uga wa sumaku (vichunguzi vya Hall).

Tofauti maalum ya LTH-301-07P5 iko katika sifa zake za usawa za umeme (voltage ya mbele, mkondo wa pato, kasi), ufungaji wa mitambo imara unaofaa kwa kuuza kwa wimbi la juu, na mahitaji yake yaliyobainishwa wazi ya uhifadhi na usindikaji, na kufanya kuwa chaguo la kuaminika kwa utengenezaji wa wingi.8. Maswali Yanayoulizwa Mara kwa Mara (Kulingana na Vigezo vya Kiufundi)

Swali: Ukadiriaji wa "Peak Forward Current" wa LED unatumika kwa nini?

Jibu: Ukadiriaji huu (1A kwa 10μs, 300pps) huruhusu LED kuendeshwa kwa msukumo kwa sasa kubwa zaidi kuliko ukadiriaji wake endelevu (50mA) kwa muda mfupi. Hii inaweza kutumika kufikia mipigo ya mwangaza mkubwa zaidi, na hivyo kuboresha uwiano wa ishara-kwa-kelele au kuruhusu uwiano wa kazi ulio chini, na hivyo kupunguza matumizi ya wastani ya nguvu na joto.

Swali: I
Imefafanuliwa kuwa angalau 0.6mA. Hii inamaanisha nini kwa muundo wangu wa saketi?

Jibu: Hii ni kikomo cha chini kilichohakikishiwa. Chini ya hali ya kawaida ya majaribio (I_{=20mA, V}=5V), wakati pengo liko wazi, fototransista itachukua angalau 0.6mA ya mkondo. Mkondo halisi katika matumizi yako unaweza kuwa mkubwa zaidi. Lazima uunde upinzani wako wa mzigo (R
) na vifungu vya mantiki vyovyote vinavyofuata, ili kutambua kiwango cha voltage kinacholingana na mkondo huu mdogo zaidi. Kwa mfano, wakati R_F=1kΩ na mwale haujazuiwa, voltage ya pato itashuka hadi V_CE= 5V - (0.6mA * 1kΩ) = 4.4V.Swali: Kwa nini masharti ya uhifadhi ni magumu sana, hasa baada ya kufungua mfuko?A: Component pins exposed to humid air are prone to oxidation. Oxidized pins have poor solderability, which can lead to weak solder joints or failure to form a solder joint ("dewetting"). Moisture barrier packaging and strict storage rules are industry standard practices (in compliance with IPC/JEDEC standards), designed to ensure high assembly yield and long-term reliability._LQ: Can I use this sensor outdoors?_LA: Its operating temperature range is -25°C to +85°C, covering many outdoor conditions. However, direct exposure to sunlight (a strong source of infrared radiation) can saturate the phototransistor, causing false triggering. The device also lacks waterproof or dustproof sealing. For outdoor use, careful optical shielding to block ambient light and environmental protection are required, or a different sensor technology may be more appropriate._CE9. Utangulizi wa Kanuni ya Kazi

The slot-type photoelectric switch operates based on a simple photoelectric principle. It consists of two main components, mounted on opposite sides of a physical gap (the slot):
Infrared Emitter (LED):

This is a semiconductor diode that emits infrared light (invisible to the human eye) when forward-biased with an appropriate current (e.g., 20mA).
Phototransistor:

Hii ni transistor nyeti kwa mwanga. Wakati fotoni kutoka kwa kitoa infrared zinapogonga eneo lake la msingi, huunda jozi za elektroni-na-shimo, ambazo huchukua nafasi ya mkondo wa msingi. Mkondo huu wa msingi unaotokana na mwanga huongezwa kwa faida ya transistor, na kusababisha mkondo mkubwa zaidi wa kolekta kutoka kwa kolekta hadi kwa emeta.

Hali ya kufanya kazi:

1. Wazi (mwanga wa boriti upo):Infrared light from the emitter shines directly on the phototransistor. The phototransistor turns on, allowing significant collector current (I
2. ) to flow. In a common-emitter circuit with a pull-up resistor, the collector output voltage is pulled low (close to V).

Imekwama (mwanga umekatizwa):
- Kitu kisicho na uwazi kilichowekwa kwenye mfereji hukinga mwanga wa infrared. Hakuna mwanga unaofikia msingi wa fototransistor, kwa hivyo inazimika. Ni mkondo mdogo tu wa uvujaji (I, mkondo wa giza) unaotiririka. Voltage ya pato ya kolekta inapanda karibu na voltage ya usambazaji (V_).Mabadiliko haya kati ya pato la juu la voltage (mwangaza umekatizwa) na pato la chini la voltage (mwangaza unapita bila kizuizi), hutoa ishara safi ya dijiti kwa ajili ya kugundua mantiki._{10. Development Trends}Uwanja wa vichunguzi vya mwanga, ikiwa ni pamoja na swichi za mwanga za aina ya groove, unaendelea kukua. Mienendo inayoweza kutambuliwa katika tasnia ni pamoja na:
- Kupunguzwa kwa ukubwa:Kusukumwa kwa mara kwa mara kuelekea vipimo vidogo vya kifurushi (k.m., vifaa vya kuwekewa uso vilivyo na msingi mdogo na urefu wa chini), ili kufikia bidhaa za mwisho zenye ukubwa mdogo na usanikishaji wa PCB wenye msongamano mkubwa._CEOUboreshaji wa utendaji:_CCUboreshaji wa nyenzo za semiconductor na ufungaji unalenga kutoa unyeti wa juu zaidi (kuruhusu mkondo wa chini wa kuendesha LED ili kupunguza matumizi ya nishati), wakati wa kukabiliana wa haraka zaidi ili kufaa matumizi ya kasi ya juu, na utulivu bora wa joto wa vigezo.

Ujumuishaji na Ujasusi:

Baadhi ya swichi za kisasa za optoelektroniki za aina ya mfereji hujumuisha mzunguko wa kuendesha LED na usafishaji wa ishara (kikuza, kulinganisha, kichocheo cha Schmitt) kutoka kwa pato la transistor ya optoelektroniki kwenye ufungaji mmoja. Hii hurahisisha muundo wa mzunguko wa nje na inaweza kutoa pato la moja kwa moja la kiwango cha mantiki ya dijiti. Kujumuisha vipengele vingi vya kuhisi pia ni mwelekeo.

Makini kwa uaminifu na utengenezaji:

• Usanaji unapendelea zaidi uimara wa michakato ya kusanyiko ya otomatiki (kama vile kupachika na kuchomelea tena). Vifaa huchaguliwa ili kustahimili vizuri misukumo ya joto na mambo ya mazingira.Application-Specific Variants:
• Continuous development of sensors customized for specific market demands, such as ultra-thin sensors for paper handling in portable devices, or sensors with very narrow slots for high-precision edge detection.The LTH-301-07P5 represents a mature and reliable technology that meets the core needs of a large number of standard applications, while these broader trends shape the development direction of the next generation of devices.
• Integration and Smart Features:Baadhi ya vipitio picha vya kisasa vinajumuisha mzunguko wa kiendesha kwa LED na utayarishaji wa ishara (kikuza, kulinganisha, kichocheo cha Schmitt) kwa pato la fototransista ndani ya kifurushi kimoja. Hii hurahisisha muundo wa mzunguko wa nje na inaweza kutoa pato la moja kwa moja la kiwango cha mantiki ya dijiti. Ujumuishaji wa vipengele vingi vya kuhisi pia ni mwelekeo.
• Kulenga Uthabiti na Utengenezaji:Miundo inazidi kuweka kipaumbele uthabiti kwa michakato ya kusanyiko ya otomatiki kama vile kuchukua-na-kuweka na kuuza kwa kuyeyusha tena. Nyenzo huchaguliwa kwa upinzani bora wa mkazo wa joto na mambo ya kimazingira.
• Varianti Maalum kwa Matumizi:Uendelezaji unaendelea kwa sensorer zilizobinafsishwa kwa mahitaji maalum ya soko, kama vile sensorer nyembamba sana kwa usindikaji wa karatasi katika vifaa vinavyobebeka, au sensorer zenye nyufu nyembamba sana kwa kugundua makali kwa usahihi wa hali ya juu.

LTH-301-07P5 inawakilisha teknolojia iliyokomaa na ya kuaminika inayokidhi mahitaji ya msingi kwa anuwai pana ya matumizi ya kawaida, huku mwelekeo huu mpana zaidi ukichochea uendelezaji wa vifaa vya kizazi kijacho.