ITR1502SR40A/TR8 Reflective Photointerrupter Datasheet - Dimensions 4.0x3.0x2.0mm - Forward Voltage 1.2V - Power Dissipation 75mW - Black Transparent Lens - Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

ITR1502SR40A/TR8 ni kipasusi cha kioo cha kutafakari kilichojumuishwa sana na kusakinishwa kwenye uso, kilichoundwa kwa matumizi ya hisia zisizo ya kugusa. Huchanganya kiinua chake cha infrared na kigunduzi cha transistor ya kioo cha silicon ndani ya kifuniko cha lenzi nyepesi nyeusi. Kifaa hiki kimeundwa kwa utambuzi thabiti wa uwepo au mwendo wa kitu, na umbali bora wa kawaida wa kuhisi wa milimita 4. Kifuniko chake kisicho na waya kimeundwa kwa ushirikiano na mchakato wa kisasa wa kuunganishwa kwa kuyeyusha, unaofaa kwa usanikishaji wa otomatiki wa wingi.

1.1 Core Features and Advantages

• Uthibitishaji wa Juu:Transista ya fotoelektriki ya silikoni inazalisha mwitikio wa umeme mkubwa kwa mwanga wa infrared unaojitokeza, na hivyo kufanya ugunduzi kuwa wa kuaminika.
• Visible Light Cutoff:Black transparent lens material can effectively block ambient visible light, minimizing the possibility of false triggers caused by ambient light sources.
• Compact Form Factor:With dimensions of 4.0 mm x 3.0 mm x 2.0 mm, it is ideal for space-constrained PCB designs.
• Reflow solderable:The leadless (tape and reel) package supports standard SMT assembly and can withstand peak soldering temperatures up to 260°C for 5 seconds.
• Environmental compliance:该器件符合无卤标准（Br < 900ppm，Cl < 900ppm，Br+Cl < 1500ppm）、欧盟 REACH 法规，并且符合 RoHS 标准。
• Focal Length Ndefu:Ndani ya mfululizo wake wa ufungashaji, hutoa umbali bora wa kuhisi wa milimita 4 ambao ni mrefu kiasi.

1.2 Soko Lengwa na Matumizi

This component is designed for engineers in consumer electronics, office automation, and industrial control systems who require reliable, low-cost object sensing. Its primary function is to detect the presence, absence, or passage of an object without physical contact.

• Printers and Copiers:Kugundua kukwama kwa karatasi, hali ya tray ya karatasi, au uwepo wa vyombo vya habari.
• Kifaa cha kuhifadhia kwa mwanga (k.m. CD/DVD):Kugundua nafasi ya tray ya diski au kugundua uwepo wa diski.
• Projector na skrini:Kufuatilia hali ya kichujio cha mwanga, nafasi ya kifuniko, au utaratibu mwingine wa ndani.
• Mashine za kuuza na vituo vya habari:Kugundua usambazaji wa bidhaa au mwingiliano wa watumiaji.
• Vifaa vya nyumbani:Kuhisi eneo katika kufuli mwenye akili, mashine ya kahawa au vifaa vingine vinavyofanya kazi peke yake.

2. Uchambuzi wa kina wa Vigezo vya Kiufundi

Utendaji wa ITR1502SR40A/TR8 umefafanuliwa na seti kamili ya vigezo vya umeme na vya macho. Kuelewa vigezo hivi ni muhimu kwa usanifu sahihi wa saketi na uendeshaji thabiti wa mfumo.

2.1 Viwango vya juu kabisa

Hizo viwango vinaelezea mipaka ya mkazo inayoweza kusababisha uharibifu wa kudumu wa kifaa. Hakuna uhakikisho wa uendeshaji chini ya hali hizi.

• Nguvu ya pembejeo (Pd):Ni 75 mW kwa joto la hewa huria ≤25°C.
• Forward current (IF):50 mA (continuous).
• Peak forward current (IFP):At a duty cycle of 1%, a pulse ≤100μs can reach 1 A.
• Reverse Voltage (VR):5 V.
• Collector Power Dissipation (PC):75 mW.
• Collector Current (IC):25 mA.
• Collector-Emitter Voltage (V_CEO):30 V.
• Emitter-Collector Voltage (V_ECO):5 V.
• Operating Temperature (T_opr):-25°C to +85°C.
• Storage temperature (T_stg):-40°C to +100°C.
• Pin soldering temperature:260°C for 5 seconds at 1/16 inch from the body.

2.2 Tabia za Kielektroniki na Mwanga (Ta=25°C)

Hizi ni vigezo vya utendaji vinavyohakikishiwa chini ya masharti maalum ya majaribio.

Ingizo (Kitoa Mionzi ya Infrared - IR GaAs Chip):

• Forward Voltage (V_F):Typical 1.2V, Maximum 1.4V at I_F= 20 mA. This defines the voltage drop across the LED when driven.
• Reverse Current (I_R):At V_R= 6V, maximum 10 μA.
• Peak wavelength (λ_P):At I_F= 10 mA, it is 940 nm (nominal). This falls within the near-infrared spectrum and is invisible to the human eye.

Output (Phototransistor - Silicon Chip):

• Dark Current (I_CEO):Typical Value 1 nA, at V_CE= 100 nA maximum at 20V. This is the leakage current when no light is incident on the detector.
• Transfer Characteristic - Collector Current (I_C(ON)):Under test conditions: V_CE=2V, I_F=4mA, with a reflective target distance d=4mm, minimum 60 μA, typical, maximum 450 μA. This is a key parameter indicating sensitivity.
• Transfer Characteristic - Off-state Current (I_C(OFF)):Under the same test conditions but without a reflection (or absorption target), the maximum is 600 nA.
• Response time (t_r, t_f):Rise and fall time typical values are both 20 μs, maximum 100 μs. Test conditions: V_CE=2V, I_C=100μA, R_L=1kΩ, d=4mm. This defines the switching speed.

Note: Operating dark current may be affected by the surrounding environment (e.g., ambient infrared light sources).

2.3 Masafa ya Kugawanya Mkondo wa Collector

Kifaa kinagawanywa kulingana na mkondo wa kolekta (I_C(ON)) are graded. This allows designers to select components with consistent sensitivity for their applications.

• Grade A:60 μA ≤ I_C(ON)< 120 μA
• B grade:100 μA ≤ I_C(ON)< 220 μA
• C Grade:180 μA ≤ I_C(ON)< 350 μA
• D Grade:310 μA ≤ I_C(ON)≤ 450 μA

3. Uchambuzi wa Curve ya Utendaji

Mvuto uliotolewa wa sifa hutoa ufahamu muhimu wa tabia ya kifaa chini ya hali tofauti, jambo muhimu kwa muundo thabiti wa mfumo.

3.1 Tabia za Umeme

Mkondo wa Mbele vs. Voltage ya Mbele:This curve shows the typical IV characteristics of an infrared emitter LED. It is nonlinear, similar to a standard diode. At 20mA, the typical forward voltage is approximately 1.2V.

Forward Current vs. Collector Current:This is the transfer curve, showing the output current (I_C) How the input LED drive current (I_F) increases. Within the operating region, the relationship is approximately linear, demonstrating the gain of the device.

Collector current vs. Collector-emitter voltage:This set of curves shows the characteristics at different I_CAt various levels (e.g., 5mA, 10mA, 20mA, 50mA), I_Fvaries with V_CE. It illustrates that the phototransistor acts as a current source; beyond a certain V_CE(saturation voltage, typically low), I_CInakotokana hasa na mwanga unaoingia (na hivyo I_F) inaamua.

3.2 Temperature Characteristics

Voltage ya mbele dhidi ya joto la mazingira:The forward voltage of an LED has a negative temperature coefficient, decreasing slightly as temperature increases (from approximately 1.21V at -20°C to 1.16V at 80°C).

Relative Collector Current vs. Ambient Temperature:This is a key curve. The collector current (sensitivity) decreases significantly as temperature increases. At 80°C, the relative output is only about 80% of its value at 25°C. This must be considered in designs operating at high temperatures to ensure sufficient signal margin.

Collector Dark Current vs. Ambient Temperature:Dark current increases exponentially with temperature (from approximately 0.1nA at -40°C to nearly 1000nA at 100°C). In high-temperature applications, this increased leakage current can become a significant component of the signal, potentially degrading the signal-to-noise ratio.

Power Consumption vs. Ambient Temperature:Mkunjo huu wa kupunguza nguvu unaonyesha kuwa joto la mazingira linapozidi 25°C, nguvu ya juu inayoruhusiwa ya kifaa hupungua kwa mstari, na kufikia 0 mW kwenye 100°C.

3.3 Optical and Spatial Characteristics

Wigo wa urefu wa wimbi:Mkunjo wa nguvu ya mionzi ya jamaa unaonyesha pato la kituo cha kizindua kwenye 940 nm, na upana wa wigo wa kawaida. Lenzi nyeusi ya uwazi inapitisha kwa ufanisi mwanga huu wa infrared, huku ikizuia urefu wa mawimbi ya mwanga unaoonekana mfupi zaidi.

Mkunjo wa sasa ya kolekta ya jamaa dhidi ya umbali wa kusogea kwenye mhimili wa Z (kioo):Mkunjo huu unafafanua umbo la kugundua. Lengo la kutafakari likiwa kwenye umbali bora (4mm), sasa ya pato ni ya juu zaidi. Lengo likikaribia au kuondoka, ishara hupungua, na hivyo kufafanua dirisha halisi la kugundua. Umbo la mkunjo takriban ni usambazaji wa Gauss.

Muda wa kubadili hali dhidi ya upinzani wa mzigo:Rise time (t_r) and fall time (t_f) both increase with the increase of load resistance (R_L). To achieve the fastest switching speed, a lower R_LHata hii pia inasababisha kupungua kwa mzunguko wa voltage ya pato. Wabunifu lazima wapate usawa kati ya kasi na viwango vya ishara.

4. Mechanical and Packaging Information

4.1 Package Dimensions

Kifaa hiki kinatumia ufungaji usio na waya wa kompakt unaowekwa kwenye uso, na ukubwa wa urefu wa milimita 4.0, upana wa milimita 3.0, na urefu wa milimita 2.0. Maelezo muhimu ya vipimo yanajumuisha:

• Vipimo vyote vinaonyeshwa kwa milimita.
• Isipokuwa imeelezwa vinginevyo, uvumilivu ni ±0.1mm.
• Umbali wa pini hupimwa mahali pini zinazotoka kwenye kifurushi.
• Uzito wa bidhaa ni takriban gramu 0.025.

4.2 Recommended PCB Land Pattern

Recommended land patterns are provided to ensure reliable soldering and mechanical stability. A key design rule is emphasized: the amount of solder must be carefully controlled to prevent solder wicking or seepage into the gap between the PCB and the package body. Excessive solder in this area can create stress, impair functionality, or reduce long-term reliability. The land pattern design typically includes thermal connections and sufficient copper area for a robust bond.

4.3 Polarity and Orientation

The device has a marked orientation (usually a dot or notch on the top surface) indicating pin 1. The pinout for such devices is standard: the infrared emitter anode and cathode form one pair, and the phototransistor collector and emitter form the other pair. The datasheet diagram must be consulted for the exact pin assignment. Incorrect orientation will prevent the device from functioning.

5. Mwongozo wa Uchomeaji, Usanikishaji na Uhifadhi

5.1 Masharti ya Uchomeaji wa Reflow

The ITR1502SR40A/TR8 is rated for lead-free solder reflow processes. A recommended temperature profile is provided, which typically includes:

• Preheat/Ramp-up:Controlled heating to activate the flux.
• Soak Zone:Maintain at a temperature below the liquidus for a period to ensure uniform heating.
• Reflow zone:Peak temperature should not exceed 260°C, and the time above 240°C should be limited (e.g., 30-60 seconds).
• Cooling:Kipindi cha kupumzisha kilichodhibitiwa.

Ujumbe Muhimu:Kifaa kimoja hakipaswi kuchomwa kwa mkondo wa joto zaidi ya mara mbili, ili kuepuka uharibifu wa mkazo wa joto kwa vipengele vya ndani na misombo ya umbo.

5.2 Moisture Sensitivity and Storage (MSL 3)

This package is moisture sensitive. The following procedures must be followed to prevent "popcorn" phenomenon (package cracking due to vapor pressure during reflow).

• Storage in unopened package:Hifadhi chini ya ≤30°C na ≤90% RH. Tumia ndani ya mwaka mmoja tangu tarehe ya usafirishaji.
• Baada ya kufungua:Hifadhi chini ya ≤30°C na ≤70% RH.
• Urefu wa maisha katika kiwanda:Devices must be soldered within 168 hours (7 days) after opening the moisture barrier bag.
• Baking:If the shelf life is exceeded or the Humidity Indicator Card (desiccant) shows saturation, the devices should be baked at 60°C ±5°C for 24 hours to remove absorbed moisture before use.

6. Packaging and Ordering Information

6.1 Tape and Reel Specifications

This device is supplied in tape and reel packaging compliant with the EIA-481 standard, suitable for automated surface-mount assembly.

• Idadi ya ufungaji:Vipande 800 kwa kila mfuko.
• Idadi ya mifuko kwa kila sanduku:38 rolls per master carton.
• Master carton dimensions:409 mm (A) x 245 mm (B) x 360 mm (C).

Reel ina lebo maalum ya mwelekeo inayoonyesha mwelekeo wa mbele. Inatoa vipimo vya kina vya reel (kama kipenyo cha shina, upana wa reel, n.k.) ili kuhakikisha utangamano na vifaa vya kukabidhi.

6.2 Wrapping Program

Reel hufungwa kwenye mfuko wa alumini uliofungwa kwa hermeti kwa kinga ya unyevu. Kila mfuko una mfuko wa draya na kadi ya kiashiria cha unyevu kwa ajili ya kufuatilia kiwango cha unyevu. Mifuko mingi kisha huwekwa kwenye sanduku kuu la usafirishaji.

7. Application Design Considerations

7.1 Typical Application Circuit

The basic application circuit involves two main parts:

1. Transmitter drive:A current-limiting resistor in series with the infrared LED. The resistor value is calculated as R_kikomo= (V_CC- V_F) / I_FKwa mfano, kwa kutumia chanzo cha 5V na kutarajia I_Fkuwa 20mA: R_kikomo= (5V - 1.2V) / 0.02A = 190Ω (tumia upinzani wa kawaida wa 200Ω). LED inaweza kuendeshwa kwa mfululizo au kwa mipigo ili kupunguza matumizi ya nguvu.
2. Detector Interface:Phototransistors are typically connected from the collector to V_Lthrough a pull-up resistor (R_CC. The emitter is grounded. When there is no reflected light, the transistor is off, and the output voltage at the collector is high (V_CC). When light is detected, the transistor turns on, pulling the output voltage low to ground level. R_LThe value of R affects both the output voltage swing and the response speed (see performance curves). Typical values range from 1kΩ to 10kΩ.

7.2 Design Factors for Reliable Sensing

• Target Reflectance:Signal strength is proportional to the reflectivity of the target surface. White, reflective surfaces will produce the strongest signal; black, matte surfaces will produce the weakest signal. The system must be designed to operate under the worst-case target conditions.
• Target Distance and Alignment:The sensor has a specific "sweet spot" at 4mm. Variations in assembly tolerances or target position can affect the signal level. Design mechanical fixtures to maintain consistent collimation.
• Uwezo wa kukabiliana na mwanga wa mazingira:Ingawa lenzi nyeusi huzuia mwanga mwingi unaoonekana, vyanzo vikali vya mwanga wa infrared (jua, balbu za incandescent) bado vinaweza kusumbua. Kutumia ishara ya kuendesha LED iliyobadilishwa (pulse) na utambuzi wa usawa katika mzunguko wa mpokeaji kunaweza kuongeza sana uwezo wa kukabiliana na mwanga wa mazingira.
• Ufutaji wa joto:Kama mkunjo unavyoonyesha, unyeti hupungua kwa kushuka kwa joto. Kwa matumizi yanayofanya kazi katika anuwai pana ya joto, mzunguko unapaswa kujumuisha ukingo au fidia ya kazi (mfano, kurekebisha I kulingana na joto_F), ili kuhakikisha ugunduzi thabiti hata katika hali ya joto la juu.
• Kelele ya Umeme:Weka nyaya za sensor fupi na mbali na nyaya zenye kelele za dijiti au usambazaji wa nguvu. Karibu na kifaa, V_CCUse bypass capacitors on the LED power supply (if using pulse drive).

8. Technology Comparison and Differentiation

ITR1502SR40A/TR8 stands out in the reflective sensor market through several key attributes:

• Ikilinganisha na vikunja vya mashimo makubwa:Faida yake kuu ni ukubwa mdogo wa kifurushi cha SMD cha 4.0x3.0mm, unaowezesha kupunguzwa kwa ukubwa na usakinishaji wa kiotomatiki, ambayo vifaa vya mashimo makubwa haviwezi kufananishwa nayo.
• Ikilinganisha na sensorer zingine za SMD za kutafakari:Ndani ya kifurushi hiki cha ukubwa mdogo, kimeunganishwa umbali bora wa 4mm na lenzi nyeusi ya uwazi inayozuia mwanga unaoonekana, hii ni sehemu maalum ya muundo. Baadhi ya washindani wanaweza kutoa umbali mfupi wa kuhisi au nyenzo tofauti za lenzi.
• Ikilinganishwa na pato la analogi dhidi ya sensorer ya dijiti:Kifaa hiki kinatoa pato la analogi la fototransistor, kuwapa wabunifu udhibiti kamili wa kizingiti, na kuruhusu vipimo vya umbali/utafakari wa analogi. Ikilinganishwa na sensorer za mantiki ya dijiti zilizojengwa ndani zinazotoa ishara ya kubadili pekee, hii inatoa kubadilika zaidi.
• Ikilinganishwa na jozi tofauti ya emita/detekta:Ufungaji uliojumuishwa unahakikisha uelekezaji sahihi na thabiti kati ya mtumaji na mtambuzi, jambo ambalo ni gumu na ghali kufikia kwa vipengele viwili huru. Pia hurahisisha mpangilio wa PCB na usanikishaji.

9. Maswali Yanayoulizwa Mara kwa Mara (Kulingana na Vigezo vya Kiufundi)

Q1: Kuna tofauti gani kati ya viwango (A, B, C, D)? Ninawezaje kuchagua?
A: Viwango vinawakilisha anuwai tofauti za usikivu (I_C(ON)). Chagua kiwango kulingana na ukingo wa ishara unayohitaji. Kwa matumizi yenye lengo la kutafakari kwa kiwango cha juu au umbali mfupi, kiwango cha chini (A au B) kinaweza kutosha. Kwa lengo la kutafakari kwa kiwango cha chini, umbali mrefu, au uendeshaji wa joto la juu unaopunguza usikivu, kiwango cha juu (C au D) hutoa ukingo mkubwa zaidi. Uthabiti ndani ya kiwango kimoja pia ni muhimu kwa uzalishaji.

Q2: Je, naweza kutumia LED ya infrared moja kwa moja na voltage bila kupinga ya kudhibiti mkondo?
A: Hapana. Voltage ya mbele ya LED sio thamani isiyobadilika, inabadilika kulingana na joto na kifaa. Kuendesha kwa kutumia chanzo cha voltage moja kwa moja kutasababisha mkondo usiodhibitiwa, na kwa uwezekano mkubwa kuzidi kiwango cha juu kabisa cha kukubalika na kuharibu kiendeshi. Hakikisha unatumia upinzani wa kuzuia mkondo mfululizo.

Q3: Kichungi changu hakifanyi kazi vizuri. Kinaweza kuwa na sababu gani?
A: Matatizo ya kawaida ni pamoja na: 1)Ukingo wa ishara hautoshi:Check the I under your specific target_C(ON), and ensure it is well above the detection threshold of your circuit, while considering temperature derating. 2)Ambient light interference:Shinda sensor kutokana na mwanga mkali wa moja kwa moja, au tumia modulation. 3)Tatizo la alama za kuunganisha:Thibitisha kama muundo uliopendekezwa wa pedi umetumika, na ukagua kama kuna daraja au upungufu wa solder. 4)Mkondo mkubwa wa giza:Katika halijoto ya juu sana, mwendo wa giza unaweza kuwa mkubwa; hakikisha mzunguko wako unaweza kuutofautisha na ishara halisi.

Q4: Je, unawezaje kuhesabu matumizi ya nguvu ya kifaa?
A: Jumla ya matumizi ya nguvu ni jumla ya matumizi ya nguvu ya pembejeo (LED) na pato (phototransistor). P_D(jumla)≈ (V_F* I_F) + (V_CE(sat)* I_C). Under typical conditions (I_F=20mA, V_F=1.2V, I_C=5mA, V_CE=0.2V), P_D≈ 24mW + 1mW = 25mW, which is far below the 75mW rating at 25°C. Remember to derate this value if operating at temperatures above 25°C.

10. Kanuni ya Uendeshaji

ITR1502SR40A/TR8 inafanya kazi kulingana na kanuni ya mwanga unaojitokeza kwa kurekebishwa. Diodi inayotoa mwanga wa infrared (IR LED) ya ndani hutoa mwanga wenye urefu wa wimbi la kilele cha 940 nm. Mwanga huu hutolewa nje ya kifuniko kupitia lenzi, ukang'aa kwenye kitu lengwa mbele ya sensor, na sehemu yake hurudi kwa kutafakari. Fototransista ya silikoni iliyojumuishwa ambayo ni nyeti kwa mwanga wa infrared hugundua mwanga huu unaotafakari. Wakati fotoni zinapogonga eneo la msingi la fototransista, jozi za elektroni-na-shimo huzalishwa, na hizi huchukua nafasi ya mkondo wa msingi. Kisha, mkondo huu wa msingi unaozalishwa na mwanga huongezwa kwa faida ya transista, na kusababisha mkondo mkubwa wa kolekta (I_C). Mkondo huu wa kolekta ndio ishara ya pato la umeme, ambayo ni sawia na nguvu ya mwanga unaotafakari. Nyenzo za lenzi nyeusi zenye uwazi zina uwazi kwa mwanga wa infrared wa 940 nm, lakini hazipiti mwanga unaoonekana mwingi, na hivyo kutoa uwezo wa kukabiliana na vyanzo vya mwanga unaoonekana katika mazingira. Kitoa na kigunduzi vimewekwa kwa usawa na kusawazishwa kwa usawa ndani ya kifuniko kilichotengenezwa, na kuunda njia sahihi ya mwanga, iliyoboreshwa kwa uwezo wa kugundua vitu kwa umbali maalum (4mm) mbele ya sensor.