Sky Blue PLCC-2 LED Datasheet - 3.1x2.8x1.9mm - 3.1V - 0.031W - Simplified Chinese Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

This document provides the complete technical specifications for a high-brightness sky blue LED in a PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) surface-mount package. The component is designed for reliability and performance in demanding applications, with a typical luminous intensity of 300 millicandelas (mcd) at a forward current of 10mA. Its primary design targets include automotive interior environments and other applications requiring consistent color and stable output.

Upeo mkuu wa LED hii ni mchanganyiko wa pembe ya kuona ya upana wa digrii 120 (inayofaa kwa taa za eneo) na kufuata kiwango cha AEC-Q101 (muhimu kwa vipengele vya kiwango cha gari). Pia inakidhi maagizo ya mazingira ya RoHS na REACH. Kifaa hutoa maelezo ya kina ya ngazi ya mwanga na uainishaji wa kuratibu za rangi, kurahisisha uteuzi sahihi katika miundo yenye mahitaji madhubuti ya rangi.

1.1 Soko Lengwa na Matumizi

Soko kuu lengwa la LED hii ni sekta ya elektroniki ya magari, hasa matumizi ya taa za ndani. Vipimo vyake vya uaminishi hufanya iweze kutumika katika mifumo ya magari ambayo lazima ifanye kazi katika anuwai pana ya joto na kustahimili matumizi ya muda mrefu.

• Taa za Ndani za Magari:Inafaa kwa taa za nyuma ya dashibodi, taa za mazingira, na taa za kiashiria ndani ya kabati.
• Swichi:Inaweza kutumika kwa taa za swichi za mitambo au za kugusa zinazotegemea umeme.
• Dashibodi:Inafaa kwa taa za nyuma za dashibodi na skrini zinazohitaji mwanga wa bluu thabiti.

2. Uchambuzi wa kina wa Vigezo vya Kiufundi

Sehemu ifuatayo inatoa ufafanuzi wa kina na usio na upendeleo wa vigezo muhimu vya umeme, vya macho na vya joto vilivyofafanuliwa katika hati ya maelezo. Kuelewa maadili haya ni muhimu kwa usanidi sahihi wa saketi na usimamizi wa joto.

2.1 Photometry na Tabia za Optical

Utendaji wa macho unafafanuliwa chini ya hali ya kawaida ya majaribio ya sasa ya mbele ya 10mA (I_F) na joto la pedi la 25°C.

• Kawaida ya nguvu ya mwanga (I_V):300 mcd. Hii ndio thamani ya katikati, dhamana ya chini ya kiwango cha bidhaa ni 112 mcd, na ya juu ni 450 mcd.
• Pembe ya mtazamo (2θ_½):Digrii 120. Hii ndio pembe kamili wakati nguvu ya mwanga inapungua hadi nusu ya kilele chake. Tolewa linalokubalika ni ± digrii 5.
• Kuratibu za kawaida za rangi (CIE x, y):(0.16, 0.08). Kuratibu hizi zinafafanua tone maalum la rangi ya samawati kwenye chati ya rangi ya CIE 1931. Tolewa la kuratibu hizi ni ±0.005.

2.2 Tabia za Umeme

• Voltage ya mbele (V_F):Wakati I_F=10mA, thamani ya kawaida ni 3.1V, anuwai kutoka 2.75V (chini) hadi 3.75V (juu). Tolewa la kipimo la kigezo hiki ni ±0.05V. V_FSafu inawakilisha 99% ya uzalishaji bora.
• Mkondo wa mwelekeo mzuri (I_F):Mkondo unaopendekezwa wa kufanya kazi endelevu ni 10mA (kiwango cha kawaida). Kikomo cha juu kabisa ni 20mA. Mkondo wa chini unaohitajika kwa kufanya kazi ni 2mA.
• Uwezo wa kuhisi umeme tuli (ESD):Kipimo ni 8 kV (mfano wa mwili wa binadamu, HBM). Hii inaonyesha kuwa ina uimara wa kiwango cha kati cha ESD, lakini bado inahitaji hatua za kawaida za ulinzi dhidi ya ESD wakati wa usanikishaji.

2.3 Thermal Characteristics

• Upinzani wa joto (R_thJS):Thamani mbili zimetolewa. Upinzani halisi wa joto (kiungo hadi pedi) ni hadi 120 K/W, wakati thamani inayotokana na mbinu ya umeme ni hadi 95 K/W. Wabunifu wanapaswa kutumia thamani ya 120 K/W iliyohifadhi zaidi kwa mahesabu ya joto yanayoweza kutegemewa.
• Junction Temperature (T_J):The maximum allowable junction temperature for the LED chip is 125°C.
• Operating Temperature Range (T_opr):-40°C to +110°C. This wide range is crucial for automotive applications.

3. Absolute Maximum Ratings

Exceeding these limits may cause permanent damage to the device. They are not operating conditions.

• Power Dissipation (P_d):75 mW
• Mkondo wa mwelekeo mzuri (I_F):20 mA (DC)
• Surge Current (I_FM):Up to 300 mA for pulses with a pulse width ≤10μs and a duty cycle (D) of 0.005 (at 25°C).
• Reverse Voltage (V_R):This device is not designed for reverse operation. Applying reverse voltage may cause immediate failure.
• Storage Temperature (T_stg):-40°C to +110°C.
• Reflow Soldering Temperature:Can withstand 260°C for 30 seconds, which is compatible with standard lead-free reflow soldering profiles.

4. Binning System Description

To ensure color and brightness consistency in production, LEDs are sorted into different bins. This device uses two primary binning structures.

4.1 Luminous Intensity Binning

The light output is grouped by alphanumeric codes (e.g., L1, R2, T1). Each bin defines the minimum and maximum luminous intensity in millicandelas (mcd). The bins follow a logarithmic progression, typically where the maximum value of a bin is approximately 1.26 times its minimum value (the fifth root of 10). For this specific model, the prominent possible output bins are concentrated in the T1/T2 range (280-450 mcd), aligning with a typical value of 300 mcd. The tolerance for luminous flux measurement is ±8%.

4.2 Chromaticity Coordinate Binning (Sky Blue)

Rangi inafafanuliwa kwenye chati ya rangi ya CIE 1931 (x, y). Uhakiki unaonyesha muundo wa kina wa kugawanya rangi ya cyan. Viwango vina lebo (k.m. JA1, JA2, JA11), kila kiwango kinafafanuliwa na pointi nne za kuratibu kwenye chati ya rangi zinazounda pembe nne. Kuratibu ya kawaida (0.16, 0.08) iko ndani ya muundo huu. Uvumilivu mkali wa ±0.005 unahakikisha tofauti ndogo ya rangi ya kuona kati ya vitengo ndani ya kiwango kimoja.

5. Performance Curve Analysis

Chati iliyotolewa inaelezea jinsi vigezo muhimu vinavyobadilika kulingana na hali ya kufanya kazi, jambo muhimu kwa uchambuzi wa muundo wa nguvu.

5.1 Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage (I-V Curve)

Grafu hii inaonyesha uhusiano wa kielelezo wa kawaida wa diode. Katika 25°C, voltage huongezeka kutoka takriban 2.9V kwa 5mA hadi takriban 3.3V kwa 25mA. Curve hii ni muhimu kwa kuhesabu thamani ya upinzani wa kudhibiti sasa na matumizi ya nguvu ya LED.

5.2 Relative Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current

Mwanga hutolewa kwa njia ya mkondo wa umeme unaozidi kiwango cha kawaida. Katika 10mA, nguvu ya jamaa inafafanuliwa kama 1.0. Katika 25mA, huongezeka hadi takriban 2.2. Hii inaonyesha kuwa kuendesha LED kwa mkondo wa juu kuliko 10mA ya kawaida hutoa mwanga zaidi, lakini pia huongeza joto na kupunguza ufanisi (lumeni kwa kila watt).

5.3 Temperature Dependence

• Nguvu ya Mwanga ya Jamaa dhidi ya Joto la Kiungo:Mwanga hutolewa hupungua kadiri joto linavyoongezeka. Katika joto la juu la kiungo la 125°C, pato ni takriban 40% ya thamani yake kwenye 25°C. Katika miundo ambapo LED inaweza kufanya kazi katika hali ya joto ya juu ya mazingira, upungufu huu mkubwa lazima uzingatiwe.
• Voltage ya Mbele ya Jamaa dhidi ya Joto la Kiungo:Voltage ya mbele ina mgawo hasi wa joto, ikipungua kwa takriban 2mV/°C. Hii inaweza kutumika katika baadhi ya saketi za kuhisi joto, lakini kwa kawaida ni athari ya pili.
• Mabadiliko ya Rangi dhidi ya Joto/Mkondo:Grafu inaonyesha mabadiliko madogo ya viwianishi vya rangi (x na y) kutokana na joto la kiungo na mkondo wa uendeshaji. Mabadiliko haya kwa kawaida ni ndani ya elfu kadhaa za vitengo vya CIE, na kwa kawaida hayawezi kutambuliwa na jicho la binadamu, lakini yanaweza kuwa muhimu katika matumizi ya usahihi wa uwekaji rangi.

5.4 Spectral Distribution and Radiation Pattern

Grafu ya usambazaji wa wigo wa jamaa inaonyesha urefu wa wimbi la kilele cha LED ya bluu iliyopakwa fosforasi ili kutoa rangi ya bluu ya anga, na kusababisha wigo wa utoaji mpana kuliko chipu safi ya bluu. Grafu ya mfumo wa mionzi inathibitisha muundo wa utoaji wa aina ya Lambert wenye pembe ya maono ya digrii 120.

5.5 Forward Current Derating and Pulse Handling Capability

Mkunjo wa kupunguzwa unabainisha kuwa mkondo wa juu unaoruhusiwa wa mbele unaoendelea lazima upunguzwe kadiri joto la pad la kuuza linavyoongezeka. Katika joto la juu la kufanya kazi la pad la kuuza la 110°C, mkondo haupaswi kuzidi 20mA. Grafu ya uwezo wa kushughulikia pampu inaonyesha kuwa kwa uwiano mdogo sana wa wajibu, LED inaweza kustahimili mkondo wa kilele (I_FP).

6. Mechanical and Packaging Information

6.1 Vipimo vya Mitambo

The PLCC-2 package measures approximately 3.1mm (length) x 2.8mm (width) x 1.9mm (height). Detailed drawings are provided showing overall dimensions with tolerances, lead pitch, and cavity details.

6.2 Mpango wa Pini Uliopendekezwa

A pad pattern design is recommended for PCB layout to ensure reliable soldering and proper alignment. Pad dimensions are typically slightly larger than the device leads to facilitate good fillet formation.

6.3 Utambulisho wa Uingizaji Sahihi

The PLCC-2 package incorporates a built-in polarity indicator. One corner of the device is chamfered or notched. The cathode (-) is typically located at this marked corner. The datasheet drawing clearly marks the anode and cathode.

7. Mwongozo wa Kuunganisha na Kukusanya

7.1 Mkunjo wa Uchomeaji wa Reflow

A recommended reflow soldering profile is provided, compliant with standard lead-free processes. The key parameter is a peak temperature of 260°C, which the device can withstand for up to 30 seconds. Preheating, soaking, reflow, and cooling rates are specified to minimize thermal stress on the component.

7.2 Tahadhari za Matumizi

• ESD Protection:Despite an 8kV HBM rating, standard ESD control measures must be used during handling and assembly.
• Current Limitation:Always use a series resistor or constant current driver to limit the forward current to the desired value. Do not connect directly to a voltage source.
• Reverse Voltage Protection:Avoid applying any reverse bias voltage. In circuits where reverse voltage may occur, a protection diode should be connected in series or in parallel (with current limiting).
• Thermal Management:Ensure sufficient PCB copper area or other heat dissipation measures to keep the pad temperature within limits, especially when driving at higher currents or in high ambient temperatures.
• Cleaning:If cleaning is required after soldering, use a compatible solvent that does not damage the plastic lens.

7.3 Kipimo cha Unyeti wa Unyevu (MSL)

The moisture sensitivity level of this device is MSL 2. This means it can be exposed to factory floor conditions (≤30°C / 60% RH) for up to one year. If the sealed dry pack bag is opened, the component must be soldered within one week; otherwise, it requires baking before reflow to prevent "popcorn" effect damage.

8. Taarifa za Ufungaji na Uagizaji

8.1 Taarifa za Ufungaji

LEDs are supplied in embossed carrier tape and reel format, suitable for automatic SMT assembly. The datasheet specifies the tape width, pocket size, reel diameter, and the number of components per reel.

8.2 Aina na Taarifa za Kuagiza

Mfumo wa nambari ya modeli haujaelezewa kikamilifu katika dondoo, lakini kwa kawaida huficha sifa muhimu kama aina ya kifuniko, rangi, kiwango cha mwangaza, na pengine kiwango cha rangi. Ili kuagiza, ni lazima kuchagua kiwango cha mwangaza na rangi kinachohitajika kutoka kwa chaguo zinazopatikana.

9. Mazingatio ya Ubunifu wa Matumizi

9.1 Ubunifu wa Saketi

Kwa uendeshaji wa msingi unaotumia chanzo cha voltage thabiti (V_CC), tumia fomula ifuatayo kuhesabu upinzani wa mfululizo (R_S): R_S= (V_CC- V_F) / I_F. Tumia V ya juu zaidi kwenye maelezo ya vipimo._FValue, to ensure that the minimum current can be met under all conditions. For example, using a 5V power supply and the desired I_FFor 10mA: R_S= (5V - 3.75V) / 0.01A = 125Ω. Tumia thamani ya kawaida inayofuata, 130Ω. Nguvu ya kipimo cha upinzani inapaswa kuwa angalau I_F²* R_S= 0.013W, so a 1/8W or 1/10W resistor is sufficient.

9.2 Thermal Design in Automotive Applications

Katika mazingira ya ndani ya gari, joto la mazingira linaweza kufikia kwa urahisi 85°C. Ikiwa LED imewekwa kwenye bodi ndogo ya mzunguko (PCB) yenye eneo la shaba uliopungukiwa, joto la pedi ya kuuzia (T_S) inaweza kuwa karibu na joto la mazingira. Kutoka kwenye mkunjo wa kupunguza uwezo, kwenye T_SAt 85°C, the maximum allowable I_Fstill exceeds 20mA, so a 10mA drive is safe. However, if the LED is placed near other heat-generating components, the local temperature may be higher, necessitating thermal analysis.

9.3 Optical Integration

The 120-degree viewing angle provides broad, uniform illumination. For applications requiring a more focused beam, external secondary optics (lenses) are needed. Plastic lens materials may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to strong UV light, which is typically not an issue in interior applications.

10. Technical Comparison and Differentiation

Compared to generic non-automotive-grade PLCC-2 LEDs, the key differentiators of this device are its AEC-Q101 certification and detailed, guaranteed binning structure. Many standard LEDs have looser tolerances for luminous intensity and color, which can lead to visible inconsistencies in the final product. The 8kV ESD rating is also higher than that of many basic commercial-grade LEDs. The wide operating temperature range (-40 to +110°C) is specifically targeted for automotive requirements, whereas consumer-grade LEDs typically have a narrower range, such as -20 to +85°C.

11. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)

Swali: Naweza kudhibiti LED hii kwa 20mA kwa mfululizo?
Jibu: Ndiyo, lakini tu ikiwa joto la pedi (T_S) ni sawa au chini ya 25°C. Kadiri T_Sinavyoongezeka, kulingana na mkunjo wa kupunguza mzigo, mkondo wa juu unaoruhusiwa hupungua. Katika hali ya joto ya kawaida ya juu, mkondo wa chini (kama 10-15mA) ni salama zaidi kwa uimara wa muda mrefu.

Swali: V ya kawaida_Fni 3.1V, lakini mzunguko wangu unapima 3.0V. Je, hii ni shida?
Jibu: Hapana. V_Fina safu (2.75V hadi 3.75V) na usambazaji wa uzalishaji. Thamani iliyopimwa ya 3.0V iko kabisa ndani ya safu maalum ya thamani ya chini na ya kawaida. Ukubwa wa mwako halisi wako unaweza kuwa tofauti kidogo na uliotabiriwa na mkunjo wa kawaida, lakini bado utakuwa ndani ya mipaka ya kiwango.

Swali: Kwa nini ukubwa wa mwako umebainishwa kwa 10mA na sio kwa kiwango cha juu cha 20mA?
Jibu: 10mA ni hali ya kawaida ya majaribio inayohakikisha uthabiti wa vipimo na kulinganisha kati ya LED tofauti na wazalishaji. Inawakilisha sehemu ya kawaida ya kufanya kazi inayolingana mwangaza, ufanisi na maisha ya kifaa.

Swali: Je, ninawezaje kuchagua kiwango sahihi cha mwanga kwa programu yangu?
Jibu: Kwa programu zinazotumia LED nyingi zilizo sawa (k.m. ukanda wa taa), chagua viwango vikali vya nguvu ya mwanga (k.m. T1 pekee) na msimbo mmoja wa kiwango cha rangi, ili kuhakikisha usawa wa mwangaza na rangi. Kwa programu ya LED moja, viwango vya upana (kama T1/T2) vinaweza kukubalika, na vinaweza kuwa na gharama nafuu zaidi.

12. Uchambuzi wa Kesi za Ubunifu

Tukio:Kubuni mwanga wa nyuma wa paneli ya swichi ya kituo cha kudhibiti cha gari. Inahitaji LED nne zinazofanana za rangi ya samawati ili kuangaza kwa usawa vitufe vinne.

Hatua za Ubunifu:
1. Ubunifu wa Umeme:Vehicle power supply is nominally 12V. Use a linear voltage regulator to provide a stable 5V supply for the LEDs. For each LED: R_S= (5V - 3.75V) / 0.01A = 125Ω. Use a 130Ω, 1/10W resistor. Total current consumption: 4 * 10mA = 40mA.
2. Optics and Binning Selection:To ensure the four buttons appear uniform, order all LEDs with the same luminous intensity bin (e.g., T1: 280-355 mcd) and the same chromaticity bin (e.g., JA1). This minimizes unit-to-unit variation.
3. Thermal and Layout:The interior temperature of the center console may reach 80°C. The LEDs will be mounted on a small PCB. To keep T_Slow, use a PCB with at least 1oz copper and connect the LED's thermal pad to a small copper pour area. The derating curve shows that operation at 10mA is still safe at this temperature.
4. Uthibitishaji:Tenga kiolezo na pima mwazao wa mwanga na rangi baada ya kuzamishwa kwa joto la kawaida na 80°C. Thibitisha ikiwa kupungua kwa nguvu kwa joto la juu kunakubalika kwa matumizi.

13. Muhtasari wa Kanuni za Kiufundi

LED hii inategemea kanuni ya umeme-luminisheni ya semikondukta. Voltage chanya inayotumika kwenye mpaka p-n husababisha elektroni na mashimo kuchanganyika na kutolea nishati kwa njia ya fotoni. Nyenzo ya msingi ya semikondukta (kwa kawaida InGaN) hutoa mwanga wa bluu. Ili kufikia rangi ya samawati, sehemu ya mwanga wa bluu kutoka kwa chip hubadilishwa na mipako ya fosforasi (kwa kawaida inayotegemea YAG iliyochanganywa na seriamu au nyenzo zinazofanana). Mchanganyiko wa mionzi ya moja kwa moja ya bluu na mwanga wa wigo mpana uliobadilishwa chini hutoa hatua ya mwisho ya rangi ya samawati inayofafanuliwa na kuratibu za CIE. Kifurushi cha PLCC-2 hutoa lenzi iliyotengenezwa kwa plastiki iliyotengenezwa, ambayo huunda pato la mwanga kuwa muundo unaohitajika wa mionzi ya digrii 120, na kulinda chip ya semikondukta na waya za uunganisho.

14. Mielekeo ya Sekta

Soko la LED za sehemu ndogo kwa ajili ya mambo ya ndani ya magari linaendelea kukua, linalosukumwa na uenezi wa taa za mazingira na dashibodi kamili za dijiti. Mienendo ni pamoja na:
Ufanisi wa Juu Zaidi:Maendeleo Endelevu yanalenga kutoa ukubwa wa mwanga (mcd) wa juu zaidi chini ya mkondo wa kuendesha ule ule au wa chini zaidi, na hivyo kupunguza matumizi ya nguvu na mzigo wa joto.
Usawazishaji na Uthabiti wa Rangi:Mahitaji yanayoongezeka ya rangi sahihi na thabiti kati ya LED nyingi na katika maisha yote ya bidhaa yamesababisha viwango madhubuti vya kugawanya na kuibuka kwa madereva wa LED yanayoweza kupangwa kwenye njia nyingi.
Ujumuishaji:Mwelekeo ni kujumuisha chipi nyingi za LED (k.m. RGB) kwenye kifurushi kimoja, au kuunganisha LED na IC ya kuendesha ili kurahisisha muundo.
Mwelekeo wa Kuaminika:Kadiri LED zinavyokuwa muhimu zaidi katika matumizi yanayohusiana na usalama (k.m. viashiria vya onyo), viwango vya uthibitisho kama vile AEC-Q102 (kiwango kinachofuata AEC-Q101 kwa vifaa tofauti vya optoelektroniki) vinakuwa madhubuti zaidi, na kuwataka wauzaji kutoa data kamili zaidi za majaribio ya maisha na mkazo.