SMD LED 15-21/S3C-AP1Q2/2T Datasheet - Red-Orange - 2.0V - 60mW - Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

Waraka huu unaelezea kwa kina vipimo vya kifaa cha LED cha aina ya SMD ambacho ni kompakt na cha utendaji wa juu. Kipengele hiki kimeundwa mahsusi kwa mchakato wa kisasa wa usanikishaji wa elektroniki, na kinatimiza usawa mzuri wa mwanga unaotolewa, uaminifu, na urahisi wa ujumuishaji katika matumizi yenye nafasi ndogo.

1.1 Core Advantages and Product Positioning

The primary advantage of this LED lies in its miniature package size, which significantly reduces Printed Circuit Board (PCB) dimensions and allows for higher component assembly density, thereby enabling more compact end-product designs. The component is lightweight, making it particularly suitable for portable and miniature electronic devices. It is supplied in 8mm carrier tape packaging, wound on 7-inch diameter reels, ensuring compatibility with standard automated pick-and-place equipment used in high-volume manufacturing.

1.2 Target Market and Applications

This LED has a wide range of uses and targets multiple key application areas. Its primary application is backlighting, specifically for instrument panels, switches, and symbols. It is also suitable for telecommunications equipment, serving as status indicator lights and backlights in devices such as telephones and fax machines. Furthermore, it can be used for flat backlighting of small LCD panels and for general indicator light applications requiring a red-orange signal.

2. Detailed Technical Parameters

Sehemu hii inachambua kwa kina na kwa uwazi vigezo muhimu vya umeme, mwanga na joto vya LED chini ya hali za kawaida za majaribio (Ta=25°C).

2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Viwango vya juu kabisa vinaeleza mipaka ya mkazo ambayo inaweza kusababisha uharibifu wa kudumu wa kifaa. Thamani hizi hazikusudiwi kwa hali ya kawaida ya uendeshaji.

• Voltage ya nyuma (V_R):5 V. Kuzidi voltage hii chini ya upendeleo wa nyuma kunaweza kusababisha kuvunjika kwa kiungo.
• Continuous forward current (I_F):25 mA. This is the maximum direct current that ensures long-term reliable operation.
• Peak forward current (I_FP):60 mA (duty cycle 1/10 @ 1kHz). This rating allows for short-duration high-current pulses, suitable for multiplexing or pulsed operation schemes.
• Power dissipation (P_d):60 mW. This is the maximum power the device can dissipate as heat without exceeding its thermal limits.
• Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Human Body Model (HBM):2000 V. Hii inaonyesha kuwa ina kiwango cha wastani cha uthabiti wa ESD; lakini bado inashauriwa kufuata taratibu sahihi za uendeshaji.
• Joto la uendeshaji (T_opr):-40°C hadi +85°C. Hii ndio anuwai ya joto la mazingira ambayo kifaa kimebainishwa kuweza kufanya kazi kwa kawaida.
• Storage Temperature (T_stg):-40°C to +90°C.
• Soldering Temperature:Kifaa kinaweza kukimudu joto la kilele cha 260°C kwa muda wa sekunde 10 kwa uchomaji wa reflow, au uchomaji wa mikono wa sekunde 3 kwa kila pini kwenye 350°C.

2.2 Photoelectric Properties

Vigezo hivi vinafafanua LED chini ya hali za kawaida za uendeshaji (I_FPerformance at =20mA, Ta=25°C.

• Luminous intensity (I_v):45.0 mcd (min), 112.0 mcd (max). Typical values fall within this wide range and are managed through a binning system (see Section 3). Viewing angle (2θ_1/2Kawaida ni digrii 130, hutoa muundo mpana na wa kutawanyika wa utoaji.
• Tabia za wigo:
  • Urefu wa wimbi la kilele (λ_p):Thamani ya kawaida 621 nm.
  • Wavelength kuu (λ_d):605.5 nm (kiwango cha chini), 625.5 nm (kiwango cha juu). Hii ndiyo urefu wa wimbi linalohisiwa na jicho la mwanadamu, na pia inahitaji kugawanywa katika viwango.
  • Upana wa wigo (Δλ):Thamani ya kawaida 18 nm, inafafanua usafi wa rangi.
• Electrical Characteristics:
  • Forward Voltage (V_F):at I_F=20mA, it is 1.70 V (min), 2.00 V (typ), 2.40 V (max). This relatively low voltage is characteristic of AlGaInP material technology.
  • Reverse current (I_R):At V_R=5V, maximum 10 μA. An important note indicates that this device is not designed for reverse bias operation; this test parameter is for leakage characterization only.

2.3 Thermal Considerations

Utendaji wa LED unategemea sana joto. Mkunjo wa kupunguza mkondo wa mbele ni muhimu sana kwa usanifu. Wakati joto la mazingira (T_a) linapoongezeka zaidi ya 25°C, ni lazima kupunguza kwa mstari mkondo wa juu unaoruhusiwa wa mbele unaoendelea, ili kuzuia joto kupita kiasi na kuongeza uzee. Mkunjo wa kupunguza hutoa uhusiano maalum, kuhakikisha joto la kiungo liko ndani ya mipaka salama.

3. Explanation of the Grading System

Ili kuhakikisha uthabiti katika uzalishaji mkubwa, LED hupangwa katika viwango kulingana na vigezo muhimu (kupanga viwango). Hii inawaruhusu wasanifu kuchagua vipengele vinavyokidhi mahitaji maalum ya matumizi kwa uangavu na rangi.

3.1 Luminous Intensity Grading

Pato la mwanga limegawanywa katika makundi manne (P1, P2, Q1, Q2), kila kundi linashughulikia anuwai maalum kutoka 45.0 mcd hadi 112.0 mcd. Kwa mfano, kundi la Q2 linajumuisha LED zenye nguvu ya mwanga kati ya 90.0 na 112.0 mcd. Kivumishi cha ±11% kinaruhusiwa ndani ya kila kundi.

3.2 Dominant Wavelength Binning

Color (Dominant Wavelength) is divided into five bins (E1 to E5), ranging from 605.5 nm to 625.5 nm, with a step size of approximately 4nm. For example, bin E4 covers 617.5 to 621.5 nm. A tighter tolerance of ±1nm is maintained within each wavelength bin.

3.3 Forward Voltage Binning

The datasheet specifies a forward voltage tolerance of ±0.1V, but the excerpt does not provide the specific V_Fbinning table. This strict tolerance aids in designing consistent current drive circuits.

4. Performance Curve Analysis

Data ya mchoro inatoa ufahamu wa kina zaidi kuhusu tabia ya LED chini ya hali mbalimbali.

4.1 Spectral Distribution

Mkunjo wa wigo unaonyesha kilele kimoja kilichofafanuliwa vizuri, kilicho katikati karibu 621 nm, kukithibitisha mwanga wa rangi nyekundu-machungwa unaotokana na chip ya nyenzo ya AlGaInP. Upana mwembamba unaonyesha usawa mzuri wa rangi.

4.2 Radiation Pattern

Mchoro wa kuratibu polar unaonyesha usambazaji wa anga wa mwanga. Unathibitisha pembe ya kuona ya kawaida ya digrii 130, ukiwaonyesha muundo wa utoaji unaokaribia Lambertian (kosine), ambapo nguvu ni ya juu zaidi kwa digrii 0 (perpendicular kwa chipi) na hupungua hatua kwa hatua kuelekea pande zote mbili.

4.3 Relationship Between Forward Current and Forward Voltage (I-V Curve)

This curve shows the typical exponential relationship of a diode. The voltage rises sharply at extremely low currents, then increases more linearly within the normal operating range (approximately 2.0V at 20mA).

4.4 Uhusiano wa Ukali wa Mwanga wa Jamaa na Mkondo wa Mbele

Mchoro huu unaonyesha kuwa, katika safu ya uendeshaji, pato la mwanga takribani linalingana sawia na mkondo wa mbele, ingawa kwa mikondo ya juu sana ufanisi unaweza kupungua kidogo kwa sababu ya ongezeko la joto.

4.5 Uhusiano wa Ukali wa Mwanga wa Jamaa na Joto la Mazingira

Hii ni mkunjo muhimu unaoonyesha kuzimishwa kwa joto. Kadiri halijoto ya mazingira inavyoongezeka, nguvu ya mwangaza hupungua. Wakati halijoto inakaribia kikomo cha juu cha uendeshaji, pato linaweza kupungua kwa kiasi kikubwa, na hii ni kipengele muhimu katika usanidi wa mazingira yenye joto kali.

5. Habari za Mitambo na Ufungaji

5.1 Vipimo vya Ufungaji

This LED conforms to the "15-21" SMD package outline. The detailed dimension drawing specifies length, width, height, and pin positions, with a standard tolerance of ±0.1mm unless otherwise noted. This information is crucial for PCB pad design and clearance checking.

5.2 Polarity Marking

Ufungaji una alama wazi ya kathodi, ambayo ni muhimu kwa mwelekeo sahihi wakati wa kukusanyika. Kusanikisha LED kinyume kutasababisha kutotoa mwanga, na kunaweza kusababisha mkazo wa voltage kinyume.

6. Mwongozo wa Uchomeaji na Usanikishaji

Uendeshaji sahihi ni muhimu kwa kuegemea.

6.1 Kikomo cha Umeme

An external current-limiting resistor must be used. The exponential I-V characteristic of an LED means that a small increase in voltage can cause a large, potentially destructive increase in current. The resistor sets the operating point.

6.2 Moisture Sensitivity and Storage

Vipengele vimepakwa kwenye mfuko wa kuzuia unyeti wenye dries. Mfuko haupaswi kufunguliwa kabla ya kujiandaa kutumia sehemu. Baada ya kufungua mfuko, LED zisizotumika lazima zihifadhiwe chini ya hali ya 30°C/60%RH au chini, na zitumike ndani ya masaa 168 (siku 7). Ikiwa kipindi hiki kimepita, inahitajika kukaanga kwa masaa 24 kwenye 60±5°C kabla ya reflow soldering, ili kuzuia uharibifu wa "popcorn" wakati wa upakiaji.

6.3 Reflow Soldering Temperature Profile

Provides a detailed lead-free reflow soldering temperature profile:

• Preheating:150-200°C, lasting 60-120 seconds.
• Time above liquidus (217°C):60-150 seconds.
• Peak temperature:Maximum 260°C, maintain for no more than 10 seconds.
• Heating/Cooling Rate:Maximum 6°C/sec and 3°C/sec respectively.

Reflow soldering should not exceed two times. Stress should be avoided on the LED body during the heating process.

6.4 Manual Soldering and Rework

如果必须进行手工焊接，烙铁头温度必须低于350°C，每个引脚施加时间不超过3秒，使用低功率烙铁（<25W）。引脚之间需要>2秒的冷却间隔。强烈不建议进行返修。如果不可避免，必须使用专用的双头烙铁同时加热两个引脚，以防止焊点承受机械应力。必须事先评估返修过程中可能造成的热损伤。

7. Ufungaji na Taarifa za Kuagiza

7.1 Vipimo vya Ufungaji

LEDs are supplied in embossed carrier tape, with specified dimensions for the tape pockets and sprocket holes. The tape is wound on standard 7-inch (178mm) diameter reels. Each reel contains 2000 pieces.

7.2 Reel and Label Details

Provides the dimensions of an empty reel. The reel label contains key information:

• Customer Part Number (CPN)
• Manufacturer Part Number (P/N): 15-21/S3C-AP1Q2/2T
• Package Quantity (QTY)
• Luminous Intensity Category (CAT)
• Chromaticity/Dominant Wavelength Grade (HUE)
• Forward Voltage Grade (REF)
• Nambari ya Kundi (LOT No.)

Uwezo huu wa kufuatilia ni muhimu sana kwa udhibiti wa ubora na kufananisha vipengele katika uzalishaji.

8. Application Notes and Design Considerations

8.1 Circuit Design

It is essential to use a series resistor to set the forward current. Use the formula R = (V_{Power Supply}- V_F) / I_F Calculate the resistance value, where V_Fshould be taken as the maximum value specified in the datasheet (2.4V) to ensure the current does not exceed the limit under worst-case conditions. Consider the rated power of the resistor (P = I_F²* R).

8.2 Thermal Management

Ingawa kifurushi ni kidogo, usambazaji bora wa joto kupitia PCB ni muhimu sana kudumisha mwangaza na maisha ya LED, hasa katika hali ya joto la juu la mazingira au wakati mkondo wa kuendesha unakaribia thamani ya juu kabisa. Tumia mkunjo wa kupunguza nguvu ili kubaini mkondo salama wa kufanya kazi kwa joto la juu la mazingira linalotarajiwa kwa matumizi yako. Hakikisha kuna eneo la kutosha la shaba karibu na pedi ya LED kwenye PCB ili kutumika kama kipenyo cha joto.

8.3 Optical Integration

The 130-degree wide viewing angle makes this LED suitable for applications requiring broad, uniform illumination without secondary optics. For more directional light, external lenses or light guides may be needed. The water-clear resin ensures minimal light absorption by the package itself.

9. Compliance and Material Information

Bidhaa hii inakidhi maagizo muhimu kadhaa ya mazingira na usalama, ambayo ni faida dhahiri katika utengenezaji wa kisasa wa elektroniki. Imethibitishwa kuwa haina risasi, na inakidhi agizo la vikwazo vya vitu hatari (RoHS). Pia inakidhi kanuni za REACH za Umoja wa Ulaya kuhusu kemikali. Zaidi ya hayo, inakidhi mahitaji ya kutokuwa na halojeni, na maudhui ya bromini (Br) na klorini (Cl) yote yakiwa chini ya 900 ppm, na jumla chini ya 1500 ppm, hivyo kupunguza athari za mazingira wakati wa utupaji.

10. Technical Comparison and Differentiation

Ikilinganishwa na LED za kawaida za mashimo-kupenya au SMD kubwa zaidi, uainishaji muhimu wa kifurushi hiki cha 15-21 ni ufinyu wake bora, unaowezesha muundo mpya wa kompakt. Matumizi ya nyenzo za semiconductor za AlGaInP hutoa mwanga wa rangi nyekundu-machungwa wenye ufanisi, na utulivu mzuri wa rangi wakati wa joto na maisha, kwa kawaida bora kuliko teknolojia za zamani kama GaAsP. Pembe pana ya mtazamo, utangamano thabiti wa SMT, na ushikamano kamili wa mazingira hujumuisha kuifanya kuwa chaguo la kisasa na la kuaminika katika matumizi ya wingi ambapo nafasi ya bodi ya mzunguko ni ya thamani na gharama-hisia.

11. Maswali Yanayoulizwa Mara kwa Mara (Kulingana na Vigezo vya Kiufundi)

11.1 What value of resistor should be selected when using a 5V power supply?

Tumia V ya juu zaidi_FThamani 2.4V na lengo I_FThamani 20mA: R = (5V - 2.4V) / 0.020A = 130 ohms. Thamani ya kawaida iliyo karibu zaidi ya 130Ω au 150Ω inafaa. Matumizi ya nguvu ya kipingamizi ni P = (0.020)²* 130 = 0.052W, kwa hivyo kipingamizi cha kawaida cha 1/8W (0.125W) kinatosha.

11.2 If my power supply voltage matches the VF, can I drive this LED without a current-limiting resistor?_F?

No.Inashauri kwa nguvu kufanya hivyo. Voltage ya mwelekeo mzuri ina uvumilivu (1.7V hadi 2.4V) na hubadilika kulingana na joto. Kufunga voltage ya usambazaji kwa mfano 2.0V, kunaweza kusababisha LED yenye V ya chini_Fya sasa kubwa mno, na kusababisha kushindwa haraka. Upinzani wa mfululizo ni muhimu kwa operesheni thabiti na salama.

11.3 Why is the storage time after opening the bag limited to 7 days?

Vifurushi vya SMD hunyonya unyevu kutoka kwenye hewa. Wakati wa mchakato wa kuunganishwa kwa joto la juu (reflow soldering), unyevu huu uliokamatwa huvukizwa haraka, na kusababisha shinikizo la ndani ambalo linaweza kusababisha kujitenga kwa vifurushi au kupasuka kwa chip ("popcorn" effect). Kizuizi cha siku 7 na utaratibu wa kukaanga ni hatua muhimu za udhibiti wa ubora wa kuzuia aina hii ya kushindwa.

11.4 How to interpret the binning codes (e.g., Q2, E4) on the label?

Bin code inaonyesha kikundi cha utendakazi cha LED kwenye reel hiyo. "Q2" inamaanisha LED yenye mwangaza wa juu (90-112 mcd). "E4" inamaanisha urefu wa wimbi kuu uko katika safu ya 617.5-621.5 nm. Kutumia vipengele vya bin moja kuhakikisha uthabiti wa mwangaza na rangi katika bidhaa yako.

12. Mifano halisi ya muundo na matumizi

12.1 Dashboard Switch Backlight

Katika dashibodi ya gari, swichi nyingi zinahitaji mwanga wa nyuma ulio sawa na unaotegemeka. LED kadhaa za aina hii zinaweza kuwekwa nyuma ya kofia ya swichi wazi. Pembe yake pana ya kuona inahakikisha mwanga sawa kwenye uso wa swichi. Voltage ya chini ya uendeshaji inawaruhusu kudhibitiwa moja kwa moja kutoka kwenye mfumo wa gari ulioimarishwa wa 5V au 3.3V kupitia mtandao rahisi wa upinzani. Anuwai ya juu ya joto la uendeshaji (-40°C hadi +85°C) inafaa kwa mazingira ya magari.

12.2 Network Device Status Indicator

Kwa taa ya "Kiungo Kinafanya Kazi" au "Nguvu" kwenye ruta au modem, LED moja inaweza kutoa ishara ya kuona wazi. Rangi ya nyekundu-machungwa ni ya kuvutia sana. Kipengele hiki kinaweza kuendeshwa na pini ya GPIO ya kidhibiti kidogo. Unganisha upinzani wa mfululizo kati ya GPIO na anodi ya LED, na katodi iunganishwe na ardhi. Programu thabiti ya kidhibiti kidogo inaweza kubadili pini ili kutoa muundo thabiti au wenye kuwaka na kuzima. Umbo la SMD linaruhusu PCB ya paneli ya mbele kutekeleza muundo mfupi sana.

13. Kanuni ya Ufanyaji Kazi

LED hii inategemea chipu ya semikondukta iliyotengenezwa kwa alumini-gali-gali-indiamu fosfidi (AlGaInP). Wakati voltage chanya inapotumiwa, elektroni na mashimo huingizwa kwenye eneo lenye ufanisi la makutano ya semikondukta. Wakati vibeba malipo hivi vinapojumlishwa tena, hutoa nishati kwa njia ya fotoni (mwanga). Muundo maalum wa AlGaInP alloy huamua nishati ya pengo la bendi, na kwa hivyo hufafanua urefu wa wimbi la mwanga unaotolewa (rangi) — katika mfano huu, ni wigo wa nyekundu-machungwa (605-625 nm). Mwanga unaozalishwa ndani ya chipu hutolewa kupitia uso wa juu na kuumbwa na lenzi ya epoksi ya kioo ya kufunga.

14. Mwelekeo wa Mienendo ya Kiufundi

Mwelekeo wa jumla wa teknolojia ya LED za kiashirio na mwanga wa nyuma unaendelea kuelekea ufanisi zaidi (utoaji zaidi wa mwanga kwa kila kitengo cha nguvu ya umeme), umiminiko zaidi unaozidi vifurushi kama vile 15-21, na anuwai ya rangi pana. Wakati huo huo, kuna umakini mkubwa katika kuimarisha uaminifu na maisha katika hali mbaya (kama vile joto na unyevu wa juu). Ujumuishaji wa moja kwa moja wa vifaa vya elektroniki vya udhibiti (kama vile kiendeshi cha mkondo wa mara kwa mara au kidhibiti cha urefu wa pigo (PWM)) kwenye kifurushi cha LED ni mwelekeo mwingine wa maendeleo, ambao hurahisisha muundo wa saketi kwa mtumiaji wa mwisho. Zaidi ya hayo, kutafuta uendelevu kunaendelea kusukuma maendeleo ya nyenzo ili kukidhi kanuni za mazingira kali zinazozidi RoHS na REACH.