SMD LED ya Kijani Manjano Yenye Pembe ya Kutazama ya Digrii 120 - Vipimo vya Kifurushi - Voltage ya Mbele 2.0V Kawaida - Kupoteza Nguvu 72mW - Waraka wa Kiufundi wa Kiswahili

1. Muhtasari wa Bidhaa Hati hii inaelezea kwa kina vipimo vya Kifaa cha Kufungia Juu ya Uso (SMD) cha Taa ya Kutoa Mwanga (LED) kinachotumia lenzi iliyotawanyika na nyenzo ya semiconductor ya AlInGaP (Aluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide) ili kutoa mwanga wa kijani manjano. Kifaa hiki kimeundwa kwa michakato ya usanikishaji wa bodi ya mzunguko wa kuchapishwa (PCB) ya kiotomatiki, na hivyo kufaa kwa uzalishaji wa wingi. Ukubwa wake mdogo na uwezo wa kufaa na vifaa vya kawaida vya kuweka SMD hufaa kwa matumizi yenye nafasi ndogo katika sekta mbalimbali za elektroniki.

1.1 Vipengele na Faida Muhimu Uzingatiaji: Bidhaa hii inazingatia kanuni za mazingira (k.m., RoHS). Ufungaji: Inasambazwa kwenye tepi ya kawaida ya 8mm kwenye reeli yenye kipenyo cha inchi 7, na hurahisisha shughuli za kiotomatiki za kuchukua na kuweka. Uwezo wa Kufaa na Michakato: Inafaa kabisa na vifaa vya kiotomatiki vya kuweka na michakato ya ununuzi wa IR reflow inayotumika kwa kawaida katika laini za usanikishaji wa teknolojia ya kufungia juu ya uso (SMT). Mwingiliano wa Umeme: Inafaa na I.C. (Mzunguko Uliounganishwa), na huruhusu kuendeshwa moja kwa moja kutoka kwa matokeo ya kiwango cha mantiki na kizuizi cha sasa kinachofaa. Uaminifu: Imepitishwa kwenye majaribio ya utayarishaji yaliyoharakishwa hadi viwango vya JEDEC Level 3 ili kuhakikisha uthabiti dhidi ya msongo unaosababishwa na unyevu wakati wa ununuzi.

1.2 Soko Lengwa na Matumizi LED hii imeundwa kwa aina mbalimbali za vifaa vya elektroniki ambavyo vinahitaji kiashiria cha hali au mwanga thabiti na mkomavu. Maeneo makuu ya matumizi ni pamoja na: Vifaa vya Mawasiliano: Viashiria vya hali kwenye ruta, modem, na simu za mkononi. Otomatiki ya Ofisi: Viashiria vya paneli kwenye printer, nakala, na skana. Elektroniki za Matumizi ya Kaya na Vifaa vya Nyumbani: Viashiria vya nguvu, hali, au kazi. Vifaa vya Viwanda: Ishara za hali ya mashine, hitilafu, au hali ya uendeshaji. Kiashiria cha Jumla: Mwanga wa nyuma wa paneli ya mbele kwa alama, picha, au taa za hali za jumla.

• 2. Uchambuzi wa kina wa Vigezo vya Kiufundi Sehemu ifuatayo inatoa tafsiri ya kina na ya kitu cha vigezo muhimu vya umeme, mwanga, na joto ambavyo vinafafanua mipaka ya utendaji wa kifaa hiki.2.1 Viwango vya Juu Kabisa Viwango hivi vinafafanua mipaka ya msongo ambayo kuzidi kunaweza kusababisha uharibifu wa kudumu kwa kifaa. Uendeshaji karibu na mipaka hii haipendekezwi kwa utendaji thabiti.
• Kupoteza Nguvu (Pd): 72 mW. Hii ndiyo nguvu ya juu kabisa ambayo kifurushi cha LED kinaweza kupoteza kama joto kwenye joto la mazingira (Ta) la 25°C. Kuzidi kikomo hiki kunaweza kusababisha joto la kupita kiasi kwenye makutano ya semiconductor, na kusababisha uharibifu wa haraka au kushindwa.Sasa ya Mbele ya DC (IF): 30 mA. Hii ndiyo sasa ya mbele ya juu kabisa ambayo inaweza kutumiwa kwa LED kwa muda mrefu.
• Sasa ya Kilele ya Mbele: 80 mA (chini ya hali ya mipigo: mzunguko wa kazi 1/10, upana wa mipigo 0.1ms). Kiwango hiki kinahusiana na mipigo mifupi ya sasa kubwa lakini haipaswi kutumiwa kwa uendeshaji wa muda mrefu.Safu ya Joto la Uendeshaji: -40°C hadi +85°C. Hii ndiyo safu ya joto la mazingira ambayo kifaa kinaweza kufanya kazi vizuri.
• Safu ya Joto la Uhifadhi: -40°C hadi +100°C. Hii ndiyo safu ya joto salama la kuhifadhi wakati kifaa hakijaunganishwa.2.2 Tabia za Umeme na Mwanga Vigezo hivi hupimwa chini ya hali za kawaida za majaribio (Ta=25°C, IF=20mA) na huwakilisha utendaji wa kawaida wa kifaa.
• Ukubwa wa Mwanga (Iv): Huanzia kiwango cha chini cha 56.0 mcd hadi kiwango cha juu cha 180.0 mcd, na thamani ya kawaida inamaanishwa ndani ya safu hii ya kugawa. Ukubwa hupimwa kwa kutumia sensor iliyochujwa ili kufanana na mkunjo wa majibu ya jicho la binadamu (kiwango cha CIE).Pembe ya Kutazama (2θ1/2): Digrii 120 (kawaida). Hii ndiyo pembe kamili ambayo ukubwa wa mwanga hupungua hadi nusu ya thamani yake iliyopimwa kwenye mhimili. Pembe ya digrii 120 inaonyesha muundo wa utoaji wa mwanga mpana na uliotawanyika unaofaa kwa mwanga wa eneo pana au kutazamwa kutoka pembe pana.

Wavelength ya Kilele ya Utoaji (λP): Takriban 575 nm. Hii ndiyo wavelength kwenye sehemu ya juu kabisa ya wigo wa utoaji wa mwanga.

Wavelength Kuu (λd): Takriban 571 nm (kawaida). Hii ndiyo wavelength moja inayoonwa na jicho la binadamu ambayo inafafanua rangi ya LED, inayotokana na viwianishi vya rangi vya CIE. Hii ndiyo kigezo muhimu cha kubainisha rangi.

• Nusu-Upana wa Mstari wa Spectral (Δλ): Takriban 15 nm (kawaida). Hii inaonyesha usafi wa spectral; thamani ya 15nm ni tabia ya LED za kijani manjano zenye msingi wa AlInGaP.Voltage ya Mbele (VF): 2.0V (kawaida), na kiwango cha juu cha 2.4V kwa 20mA. Hii ndiyo kushuka kwa voltage kwenye LED wakati inafanya kazi kwa sasa maalum. Hii ni muhimu sana kwa kubuni mzunguko wa kizuizi cha sasa.
• Sasa ya Nyuma (IR): Kiwango cha juu cha 10 μA kwenye Voltage ya Nyuma (VR) ya 5V. Kigezo hiki ni kwa madhumuni ya majaribio tu; kifaa hakijabuniwa kufanya kazi chini ya upendeleo wa nyuma.3. Maelezo ya Mfumo wa Kugawa Ili kuhakikisha uthabiti katika uzalishaji wa wingi, LED zinasambazwa katika safu za utendaji. Hii huruhusu wabunifu kuchagua sehemu zinazokidhi vigezo maalum vya chini kwa matumizi yao.
• 3.1 Kugawa kwa Voltage ya Mbele (Vf) LED zimegawanywa kulingana na kushuka kwa voltage ya mbele kwa 20mA. Hii husaidia katika kubuni vifaa vya umeme na kuhakikisha mwangaza sawa wakati LED nyingi zimeunganishwa sambamba.Safu D2: Vf = 1.8V hadi 2.0V
• Safu D3: Vf = 2.0V hadi 2.2VSafu D4: Vf = 2.2V hadi 2.4V
• Toleo ndani ya kila safu ni ±0.1V.3.2 Kugawa kwa Ukubwa wa Mwanga (Iv) Hii ndiyo kugawa kuu kwa mwangaza. Sehemu zinasambazwa katika vikundi vilivyo na viwango vya chini na vya juu vya ukubwa wa mwanga.

Safu P2: 56.0 – 71.0 mcd

Safu Q1: 71.0 – 90.0 mcd

Safu Q2: 90.0 – 112.0 mcd

Safu R1: 112.0 – 140.0 mcd

• Safu R2: 140.0 – 180.0 mcdToleo kwenye kila safu ya ukubwa ni ±11%.
• 3.3 Kugawa kwa Wavelength Kuu (Wd) Kugawa hii huhakikisha uthabiti wa rangi. LED zimegawanywa kulingana na wavelength kuu zao, ambayo inahusiana moja kwa moja na rangi inayoonwa.Safu B: λd = 564.5 – 567.5 nm
• Safu C: λd = 567.5 – 570.5 nmSafu D: λd = 570.5 – 573.5 nm
• Safu E: λd = 573.5 – 576.5 nmToleo kwa kila safu ya wavelength ni ±1 nm.
• 4. Uchambuzi wa Mviringo wa Utendaji Ingawa grafu maalum zimetajwa kwenye waraka wa data, maana zake ni muhimu kwa ubunifu.4.1 Tabia ya Sasa dhidi ya Voltage (I-V) Mviringo wa I-V kwa LED ni wa kielelezo. Voltage ya mbele ya kawaida (2.0V) imebainishwa kwa 20mA. Wabunifu lazima watumie kizuizi cha sasa au kiendeshi cha sasa thabiti ili kuhakikisha sehemu ya uendeshaji inabaki thabiti, kwani mabadiliko madogo katika voltage yanaweza kusababisha mabadiliko makubwa katika sasa, na kuzidi viwango vya juu kabisa.

4.2 Ukubwa wa Mwanga dhidi ya Sasa ya Mbele Ukubwa wa mwanga ni takriban sawia na sasa ya mbele ndani ya safu ya uendeshaji. Kufanya kazi juu ya sasa ya DC inayopendekezwa (20mA) kunaweza kuongeza mwangaza lakini pia itaongeza joto la makutano, na kwa uwezekano kupunguza maisha ya huduma na kusababisha mabadiliko ya rangi.

4.3 Utegemezi wa Joto Utendaji wa LED unategemea joto. Kwa kawaida, voltage ya mbele hupungua kwa kuongezeka kwa joto, wakati ukubwa wa mwanga pia hupungua. Kufanya kazi kwenye kikomo cha juu cha safu ya joto (85°C) kutasababisha utoaji wa mwanga mdogo ikilinganishwa na uendeshaji kwa 25°C.

• 5. Taarifa za Mitambo na Ufungaji 5.1 Vipimo vya Kifaa na Ubaguzi Kifurushi cha LED kina vipimo maalum vya kimwili muhimu kwa ubunifu wa alama ya PCB. Waraka wa data unajumuisha mchoro wa kina wa vipimo. Ubaguzi unaonyeshwa na alama ya cathode (kwa kawaida ni mfuo, nukta ya kijani, au alama nyingine kwenye kifurushi). Mwelekeo sahihi ni muhimu sana kwa uendeshaji wa mzunguko.5.2 Muundo Unapendekezwa wa Pad ya PCB Muundo wa ardhi (alama) umetolewa kwa PCB. Kufuata muundo huu wa pad unaopendekezwa ni muhimu sana kwa kufikia viunganisho vya ununuzi thabiti wakati wa ununuzi wa reflow, na kuhakikisha ushikamano wa mitambo na upotezaji wa joto unaofaa.
• 5.3 Vipimo vya Ufungaji wa Tape na Reel Kifaa kinasambazwa kwenye tepi ya kubeba iliyochongwa na tepi ya kifuniko cha kinga, iliyoviringishwa kwenye reeli yenye kipenyo cha inchi 7 (178mm). Vipimo muhimu ni pamoja na: Pitch ya Mfuko: Imeainishwa kwenye vipimo vya tepi. Vipengele kwa Reel: Vipande 2000. Vipengele Vilivyokosekana: Kiwango cha juu cha mifuko miwili mfululizo iliyowazi huruhusiwa kwa kila kigezo. Ufungaji huu unafuata viwango vya ANSI/EIA-481 vya ufungaji wa vipengele.6. Mwongozo wa Ununuzi na Usanikishaji 6.1 Profaili ya Ununuzi wa IR Reflow (Bila Risasi) Profaili ya joto inayopendekezwa inayolingana na J-STD-020B imetolewa kwa michakato ya ununuzi isiyo na risasi. Vigezo muhimu ni pamoja na: Joto la Awali: Mwinuko wa polepole ili kuamilisha flux na kupunguza mshtuko wa joto. Eneo la Kunyonya: Uwanda wa kusubiria ili kuruhusu usanikishaji mzima kufikia joto sawa. Reflow (Liquidus): Joto la kilele halipaswi kuzidi 260°C, na wakati juu ya 217°C (joto la liquidus kwa ununuzi wa kawaida usio na risasi) unapaswa kudhibitiwa (k.m., sekunde 10 za juu). Kupoa: Kiwango cha kupoa kilichodhibitiwa. Kumbuka: Profaili halisi lazima ibainishwe kwa usanikishaji maalum wa PCB, kwa kuzingatia unene wa bodi, msongamano wa vipengele, na unga wa ununuzi uliotumika.
• 6.2 Ununuzi wa Mkono Ikiwa ununuzi wa mkono ni muhimu, tahadhari kubwa lazima ichukuliwe: Joto la Chuma: Kiwango cha juu cha 300°C. Muda wa Ununuzi: Kiwango cha juu cha sekunde 3 kwa kila pad. Kikomo: Ununuzi unapaswa kufanywa mara moja tu ili kuepuka uharibifu wa joto kwa kifurushi cha plastiki na viunganisho vya waya ndani.6.3 Kusafisha Ikiwa usafishaji baada ya ununuzi unahitajika, vimumunyisho vilivyobainishwa tu vinapaswa kutumiwa ili kuepuka kuharibu lenzi ya plastiki ya LED na kifurushi. Vitu vinavyopendekezwa ni pamoja na pombe ya ethyl au isopropyl. LED inapaswa kuzamishwa kwenye joto la kawaida kwa chini ya dakika moja.
• 7. Tahadhari za Uhifadhi na Ushughulikiaji 7.1 Ustahimilivu wa Unyevu Kifurushi cha LED kinaathiriwa na unyevu. Mfiduo wa muda mrefu kwa unyevu wa mazingira unaweza kusababisha ufa wa popcorn wakati wa ununuzi wa reflow. Kifurushi Kilichofungwa: Hifadhi kwa ≤30°C na ≤70% RH. Tumia ndani ya mwaka mmoja kutoka tarehe ya kufunga. Kifurushi Kilichofunguliwa: Kwa vipengele vilivyotolewa kwenye mfuko wa kizuizi cha unyevu, mazingira yanayopendekezwa ya uhifadhi ni ≤30°C na ≤60% RH. Maisha ya Sakafu: Inapendekezwa kukamilisha ununuzi wa IR reflow ndani ya saa 168 (siku 7) baada ya kufungua ufungaji wa asili. Uhifadhi wa Muda Mrefu/Kuoka: Vipengele vilivyofichuliwa kwa zaidi ya saa 168 vinapaswa kuokwa kwa takriban 60°C kwa angalau saa 48 kabla ya ununuzi ili kuondoa unyevu uliokamatiwa.7.2 Njia ya Kuendesha LED ni vifaa vinavyotumia sasa. Ili kuhakikisha mwangaza sawa wakati wa kuunganisha LED nyingi, zinapaswa kuendeshwa na chanzo cha sasa thabiti. Kuunganisha LED moja kwa moja sambamba na chanzo kimoja cha voltage na kizuizi hakipendekezwi kwa sababu ya tofauti katika voltage ya mbele (Vf) kati ya vifaa binafsi, ambayo inaweza kusababisha tofauti kubwa katika sasa, na hivyo mwangaza. Muunganisho wa mfululizo na kizuizi cha sasa kinachofaa au matumizi ya vizuizi vya sasa kwa kila LED sambamba vinapendekezwa.
• 8. Vidokezo vya Matumizi na Mazingatio ya Muundo 8.1 Kizuizi cha Sasa Daima tumia kizuizi cha mfululizo au kiendeshi cha sasa thabiti ili kuweka sasa ya mbele kwa thamani inayotaka (k.m., 20mA). Thamani ya kizuizi inaweza kuhesabiwa kwa kutumia Sheria ya Ohm: R = (Vsupply - Vf_LED) / I_desired. Tumia Vf ya juu kabisa kutoka kwenye waraka wa data (2.4V) kwa ubunifu wa kihafidhina ili kuhakikisha sasa haizidi mipaka hata kwa LED yenye Vf ya chini.8.2 Usimamizi wa Joto Ingawa kupoteza nguvu ni ndogo (72mW), usimamizi bora wa joto kwenye PCB unaweza kusaidia kudumisha utendaji na maisha ya huduma, hasa katika mazingira ya joto la juu au wakati wa kuendesha kwa sasa kubwa. Kuhakikisha muunganisho mzuri wa joto kutoka kwa pad za LED hadi shaba ya PCB kunaweza kusaidia kupoteza joto.
• 8.3 Muundo wa Mwanga Pembe ya kutazama ya digrii 120 na lenzi iliyotawanyika hutoa utoaji wa mwanga mpana na laini. Hii hufanya LED ifae kwa matumizi yanayohitaji mwanga sawa juu ya eneo au ambapo kiashiria kinahitaji kuonekana kutoka pembe nyingi, bila haja ya optiki ya sekondari kama mabomba ya mwanga katika hali nyingi.9. Maswali Yanayoulizwa Mara kwa Mara (Kulingana na Vigezo vya Kiufundi) 9.1 Kuna tofauti gani kati ya Wavelength ya Kilele na Wavelength Kuu? Wavelength ya Kilele (λP) ni wavelength ya kimwili kwenye sehemu ya juu kabisa ya ukubwa katika wigo wa utoaji wa LED. Wavelength Kuu (λd) ni thamani iliyohesabiwa kulingana na mtazamo wa rangi wa binadamu (viwianishi vya CIE) ambayo inawakilisha wavelength moja ya rangi inayoonwa. Kwa madhumuni ya ubunifu, hasa kuhusu kufanana kwa rangi, Wavelength Kuu na kugawa yake ni muhimu zaidi.
• 9.2 Je, naweza kuendesha LED hii kwa 30mA kila wakati? Ingawa Kiwango cha Juu Kabisa cha Sasa ya Mbele ya DC ni 30mA, Tabia za Umeme na Mwanga zimebainishwa kwa 20mA. Kufanya kazi kwa 30mA kila wakati kutaunda joto zaidi, na kwa uwezekano kupunguza ufanisi wa mwanga na maisha ya huduma. Kwa uendeshaji thabiti wa muda mrefu, inashauriwa kubuni kwa sasa kwa au chini ya hali ya kawaida ya majaribio ya 20mA.9.3 Ninawezaje kufasiri misimbo ya kugawa wakati wa kuagiza? Lazima ubainishe misimbo ya safu inayotaka kwa Vf, Iv, na Wd kulingana na mahitaji ya programu yako kwa uthabiti wa voltage, kiwango cha mwangaza, na sehemu ya rangi. Kwa mfano, agizo linaweza kubainisha safu D3 (Vf), R1 (Iv), na D (Wd) ili kupata sehemu zenye voltage ya kati, mwangaza wa juu, na rangi maalum ya kijani manjano.

10. Kanuni za Uendeshaji na Mazingira ya Teknolojia 10.1 Teknolojia ya Semiconductor ya AlInGaP LED hii inatumia nyenzo ya semiconductor ya Aluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP). Mfumo huu wa nyenzo ni wenye ufanisi sana katika kutoa mwanga katika maeneo ya amber, manjano, na kijani ya wigo unaoonekana. Ikilinganishwa na teknolojia za zamani, LED za AlInGaP hutoa mwangaza wa juu, ufanisi bora, na uthabiti bora wa joto.

10.2 Kazi ya Lenzi Iliyotawanyika Lenzi iliyotawanyika (isiyo wazi) ina chembe zinazotawanyisha zinazochanganya mwanga unaotolewa kutoka kwa chip ndogo ya semiconductor. Mchakato huu hupanua pembe ya kutazama (hadi digrii 120) na huunda muonekano wa laini na sawa zaidi kwa kuondoa "sehemu ya moto" ya mwangaza inayoonwa kwa kawaida katika LED zenye lenzi wazi. Hii ni bora kwa matumizi ambapo LED inatazamwa moja kwa moja.

.1 Forward Voltage (Vf) Binning

LEDs are categorized based on their forward voltage drop at 20mA. This helps in designing power supplies and ensuring uniform brightness when multiple LEDs are connected in parallel.

• Bin D2:Vf = 1.8V to 2.0V
• Bin D3:Vf = 2.0V to 2.2V
• Bin D4:Vf = 2.2V to 2.4V

Tolerance within each bin is ±0.1V.

.2 Luminous Intensity (Iv) Binning

This is the primary binning for brightness. Parts are sorted into groups with defined minimum and maximum luminous intensity values.

• Bin P2:.0 – 71.0 mcd
• Bin Q1:.0 – 90.0 mcd
• Bin Q2:.0 – 112.0 mcd
• Bin R1:.0 – 140.0 mcd
• Bin R2:.0 – 180.0 mcd

Tolerance on each intensity bin is ±11%.

.3 Dominant Wavelength (Wd) Binning

This binning ensures color consistency. LEDs are grouped by their dominant wavelength, which directly correlates to the perceived hue.

• Bin B:λd = 564.5 – 567.5 nm
• Bin C:λd = 567.5 – 570.5 nm
• Bin D:λd = 570.5 – 573.5 nm
• Bin E:λd = 573.5 – 576.5 nm

Tolerance for each wavelength bin is ±1 nm.

. Performance Curve Analysis

While specific graphs are referenced in the datasheet, their implications are critical for design.

.1 Current vs. Voltage (I-V) Characteristic

The I-V curve for an LED is exponential. The typical forward voltage (2.0V) is specified at 20mA. Designers must use a current-limiting resistor or constant-current driver to ensure the operating point remains stable, as a small change in voltage can cause a large change in current, potentially exceeding maximum ratings.

.2 Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current

Luminous intensity is approximately proportional to forward current within the operating range. Operating above the recommended DC current (20mA) may increase brightness but will also increase junction temperature, potentially reducing lifespan and causing color shift.

.3 Temperature Dependence

LED performance is temperature-sensitive. Typically, forward voltage decreases with increasing temperature, while luminous intensity also decreases. Operating at the upper limit of the temperature range (85°C) will result in lower light output compared to operation at 25°C.

. Mechanical and Packaging Information

.1 Device Dimensions and Polarity

The LED package has specific physical dimensions critical for PCB footprint design. The datasheet includes a detailed dimensional drawing. Polarity is indicated by a cathode mark (typically a notch, green dot, or other marking on the package). Correct orientation is essential for circuit operation.

.2 Recommended PCB Pad Design

A land pattern (footprint) is provided for the PCB. Adhering to this recommended pad layout is crucial for achieving reliable solder joints during reflow soldering, ensuring proper mechanical attachment and thermal dissipation.

.3 Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications

The device is supplied in embossed carrier tape with a protective cover tape, wound onto 7-inch (178mm) diameter reels. Key specifications include:

• Pocket Pitch:Defined in the tape dimensions.
• Components per Reel: pieces.
• Missing Components:A maximum of two consecutive empty pockets is allowed per specification.
• The packaging conforms to ANSI/EIA-481 standards for component packaging.

. Soldering and Assembly Guidelines

.1 IR Reflow Soldering Profile (Pb-Free)

A suggested temperature profile compliant with J-STD-020B is provided for lead-free solder processes. Key parameters include:

• Preheat:A gradual ramp to activate flux and minimize thermal shock.
• Soak Zone:A plateau to allow the entire assembly to reach a uniform temperature.
• Reflow (Liquidus):Peak temperature must not exceed 260°C, and the time above 217°C (liquidus temperature for typical Pb-free solder) should be controlled (e.g., 10 seconds max).
• Cooling:A controlled cool-down rate.

Note:The exact profile must be characterized for the specific PCB assembly, considering board thickness, component density, and solder paste used.

.2 Hand Soldering

If hand soldering is necessary, extreme care must be taken:

• Iron Temperature:Maximum 300°C.
• Soldering Time:Maximum 3 seconds per pad.
• Limit:Soldering should be performed only once to avoid thermal damage to the plastic package and internal wire bonds.

.3 Cleaning

If post-solder cleaning is required, only specified solvents should be used to avoid damaging the LED's plastic lens and package. Recommended agents include ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol. The LED should be immersed at normal temperature for less than one minute.

. Storage and Handling Cautions

.1 Moisture Sensitivity

The LED package is moisture-sensitive. Prolonged exposure to ambient humidity can lead to popcorn cracking during reflow soldering.

• Sealed Package:Store at ≤30°C and ≤70% RH. Use within one year of the pack date.
• Opened Package:For components removed from the moisture-barrier bag, the recommended storage ambient is ≤30°C and ≤60% RH.
• Floor Life:It is recommended to complete IR reflow soldering within 168 hours (7 days) after opening the original packaging.
• Extended Storage/Baking:Components exposed for more than 168 hours should be baked at approximately 60°C for at least 48 hours prior to soldering to remove absorbed moisture.

.2 Drive Method

LEDs are current-operated devices. To ensure uniform brightness when connecting multiple LEDs, they should be driven with a constant current source. Connecting LEDs directly in parallel with a single voltage source and resistor is not recommended due to variations in forward voltage (Vf) between individual devices, which can lead to significant differences in current and, consequently, brightness. A series connection with an appropriate current-limiting resistor or the use of individual resistors for each parallel LED is preferred.

. Application Notes and Design Considerations

.1 Current Limiting

Always use a series resistor or constant-current driver to set the forward current to the desired value (e.g., 20mA). The resistor value can be calculated using Ohm's Law: R = (Vsupply - Vf_LED) / I_desired. Use the maximum Vf from the datasheet (2.4V) for a conservative design to ensure the current does not exceed limits even with a low-Vf LED.

.2 Thermal Management

While the power dissipation is low (72mW), effective thermal management on the PCB can help maintain performance and longevity, especially in high ambient temperature environments or when driving at higher currents. Ensuring a good thermal connection from the LED pads to the PCB copper can help dissipate heat.

.3 Optical Design

The 120-degree viewing angle and diffused lens provide a wide, soft light emission. This makes the LED suitable for applications requiring even illumination over an area or where the indicator needs to be visible from a wide range of angles, without the need for secondary optics like light pipes in many cases.

. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)

.1 What is the difference between Peak Wavelength and Dominant Wavelength?

Peak Wavelength (λP) is the physical wavelength at the highest intensity point in the LED's emission spectrum. Dominant Wavelength (λd) is a calculated value based on human color perception (CIE coordinates) that represents the single wavelength of the perceived color. For design purposes, especially regarding color matching, the Dominant Wavelength and its binning are more relevant.

.2 Can I drive this LED at 30mA continuously?

While the Absolute Maximum Rating for DC Forward Current is 30mA, the Electro-Optical Characteristics are specified at 20mA. Operating at 30mA continuously will generate more heat, potentially reducing luminous efficiency and lifespan. For reliable long-term operation, it is advisable to design for a current at or below the typical test condition of 20mA.

.3 How do I interpret the binning codes when ordering?

You must specify the desired bin codes for Vf, Iv, and Wd based on your application's requirements for voltage consistency, brightness level, and color point. For example, an order might specify bins D3 (Vf), R1 (Iv), and D (Wd) to get parts with medium voltage, high brightness, and a specific yellow-green hue.

. Operational Principles and Technology Context

.1 AlInGaP Semiconductor Technology

This LED uses an Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) semiconductor material. This material system is highly efficient for producing light in the amber, yellow, and green regions of the visible spectrum. Compared to older technologies, AlInGaP LEDs offer higher brightness, better efficiency, and improved temperature stability.

.2 Diffused Lens Function

The diffused (non-clear) lens contains scattering particles that mix the light emitted from the small semiconductor chip. This process broadens the viewing angle (to 120 degrees) and creates a more uniform, softer appearance by eliminating the bright "hot spot" typically seen in LEDs with clear lenses. This is ideal for applications where the LED is viewed directly.