Karatasi ya Data ya SMD PLCC-2 LED Nyekundu G67-21S/R3C - 3.0x2.8x1.9mm - 1.8-2.9V - 150mA - 435mW - Hati ya Kiufundi ya Kiswahili

1. Muhtasari wa Bidhaa Hati hii inaelezea kwa kina vipimo vya kiufundi vya kifaa cha LED cha kati cha nguvu kinachotumika kwenye kifurushi cha PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier). Kifaa hiki kimetengenezwa kwa chip ya semiconductor ya AlGaInP ili kutoa mwanga mwekundu, na kimefunikwa kwa hariri ya epoksi isiyo na rangi. Kina sifa ya ukubwa mdogo, ufanisi wa juu unaofaa kwa daraja lake la nguvu, na pembe pana ya kuona, na kukifanya kiwe sehemu muhimu kwa matumizi mbalimbali ya mwanga. Bidhaa hii inafuata viwango vikali via mazingira, kwa kuwa haina risasi, inafuata kanuni ya REACH ya Umoja wa Ulaya, na imekuwa ya kikundi cha halojeni isiyo na bromini na klorini chini ya viwango vilivyowekwa.

2. Uchunguzi wa kina wa Vigezo vya Kiufundi 2.1 Viwango vya Juu Kabisa Mipaka ya uendeshaji ya kifaa hiki imewekwa chini ya joto la msingi la kuuza la 25°C. Mkondo wa juu unaoruhusiwa unaoendelea (I_F) ni 150 mA, na mkondo wa kilele wa mbele (I_FP) wa 300 mA unaruhusiwa chini ya hali ya mipigo (mzunguko wa kazi 1/10, upana wa mipigo 10ms). Nguvu ya juu inayoweza kutolewa (P_D) ni 435 mW. Upinzani wa joto kutoka kiungo hadi sehemu ya kuuza (R_th J-S) ni 50 °C/W, ambayo ni muhimu sana kwa muundo wa usimamizi wa joto. Joto la juu kabisa linaloruhusiwa la kiungo (T_J) ni 115°C. Anuwai ya joto la uendeshaji ni kutoka -40°C hadi +85°C, na anuwai ya joto la kuhifadhi ni kutoka -40°C hadi +100°C. Kifaa hiki kina uwezo wa kustahimili kutokwa kwa umeme tuli (ESD) wa 2000V (Mfumo wa Mwili wa Mwanadamu), ingawa usimamizi na tahadhari za ESD ni lazima. Vigezo vya kuuza vimewekwa kwa michakato ya reflow (260°C kwa sekunde 10) na kuuza kwa mkono (350°C kwa sekunde 3).

2.2 Tabia za Umeme na Mwanga Vipimo vilichukuliwa kwenye T_soldering = 25°C na I_F = 150 mA, vigezo muhimu vya utendaji vimewekwa. Mkondo wa nuru (Φ_v) una anuwai ya kawaida ya 15.0 hadi 24.0 lumens, na uvumilivu uliowekwa wa ±11%. Voltage ya mbele (V_F) ni kutoka 1.8V hadi 2.9V, na uvumilivu wa uzalishaji wa ±0.1V. Kifaa hiki kina pembe pana ya kuona (2θ_1/2) ya digrii 120. Mkondo wa juu wa nyuma (I_R) ni 50 µA wakati voltage ya nyuma (V_R) ya 5V inatumika.

3. Maelezo ya Mfumo wa Kugawa Daraja Bidhaa hii imegawanywa katika daraja ili kuhakikisha uthabiti katika vigezo muhimu, na kukuruhusu kubuni na kufananisha rangi kwa usahihi.

3.1 Daraja za Nguvu ya Mionzi (Mkondo wa Nuru) Pato la mkondo wa nuru limepangwa katika daraja zilizotajwa na misimbo kama vile L6, L7, L8, L9, M3, na M4. Kila daraja linafafanua thamani ya chini na ya juu ya mkondo wa nuru kwenye I_F=150mA, kwa mfano, daraja L6 linashughulikia 15-16 lm, wakati daraja M4 linashughulikia 21-24 lm. Uvumilivu wa ±11% unatumika ndani ya kila daraja._F3.2 Daraja za Voltage ya Mbele Voltage ya mbele imegawanywa katika daraja kwa kutumia misimbo ya tarakimu mbili kutoka 25 hadi 35. Kila msimbo unawakilisha hatua ya 0.1V, kwa mfano, daraja 25 linashughulikia 1.8-1.9V, daraja 26 linashughulikia 1.9-2.0V, na kadhalika hadi daraja 35 linaloshughulikia 2.8-2.9V. Uvumilivu wa uzalishaji ni ±0.1V kwa kila daraja._FP3.3 Daraja za Wimbi Kuu la Mwanga Sehemu ya rangi inadhibitiwa kupitia daraja za wimbi kuu la mwanga. Daraja zinazopatikana ni O54 (615-620 nm), R51 (620-625 nm), na R52 (625-630 nm), zikifafanua kivuli maalum cha nyekundu kinachotolewa. Uvumilivu wa kipimo kwa wimbi kuu/la kilele ni ±1 nm._d4. Uchambuzi wa Mikunjo ya Utendaji Karatasi ya data hutoa mikunjo kadhaa ya tabia inayoonyesha tabia ya kifaa chini ya hali mbalimbali._{4.1 Usambazaji wa Wigo Grafu inaonyesha nguvu ya mwanga ya jamaa dhidi ya urefu wa wimbi, kwa kawaida kwa LED nyekundu ya AlGaInP, na kilele katika anuwai ya 620-660 nm na upana maalum wa wigo.}4.2 Voltage ya Mbele dhidi ya Joto la Kiungo Takwimu 1 inaonyesha mabadiliko ya voltage ya mbele dhidi ya joto la kiungo. Mkunjo kwa kawaida unaonyesha mgawo hasi, maana yake V_F hupungua kadri T_J inavyoongezeka, ambayo ni sababu muhimu kwa muundo wa kiendeshi cha mkondo wa mara kwa mara._j4.3 Nguvu ya Mionzi ya Jamaa dhidi ya Mkondo wa Mbele Takwimu 2 inaonyesha uhusiano usio wa mstari kati ya pato la mwanga (nguvu ya mionzi ya jamaa) na mkondo wa mbele. Pato linaongezeka kwa mkondo lakini kwa mapato yanayopungua kwenye mikondo ya juu kutokana na kupungua kwa ufanisi na athari za joto.

4.4 Mkondo wa Nuru wa Jamaa dhidi ya Joto la Kiungo Takwimu 3 inaonyesha jinsi pato la mwanga linavyopungua kadri joto la kiungo linavyopanda. Kupunguzwa huku kwa joto ni muhimu kwa kutabiri utendaji katika matumizi halisi ambapo usimamizi wa joto unaweza kuwa mdogo.

4.5 Mkondo wa Mbele dhidi ya Voltage ya Mbele na Kupunguzwa kwa Joto Takwimu 4 inaonyesha mkunjo wa kawaida wa I-V. Takwimu 5 ni muhimu kwa kuegemea, inayoonyesha mkondo wa juu unaoruhusiwa wa kuendesha mbele kama utendakazi wa joto la kuuza, na kuhakikisha kifaa hakistahimili shida wakati wa uendeshaji baada ya usanikishaji._{4.6 Muundo wa Mionzi Takwimu 6 inaonyesha mchoro wa polar wa mionzi, na kuthibitisha pembe ya kuona ya 120° (ambapo nguvu hupungua hadi 50% ya thamani ya axial) na muundo wa utoaji wa mwanga unaofanana na Lambertian kwa kawaida wa vifurushi vya PLCC vya mtazamo wa juu.}5. Taarifa za Mitambo na Kifurushi 5.1 Vipimo vya Kifurushi Kifurushi cha PLCC-2 kina vipimo vya kawaida vya urefu wa 3.0 mm, upana wa 2.8 mm, na urefu wa 1.9 mm. Mchoro wa kina wa vipimo unaonyesha maeneo ya pedi, uvumilivu wa jumla (±0.1 mm isipokuwa imeelezwa), na muundo wa lenzi. Muundo wa mtazamo wa juu unaonyesha mwanga unatolewa perpendicular kwa ndege ya kufungia._F5.2 Utambulisho wa Ubaguzi wa Umeme Kathodi kwa kawaida hutambuliwa na alama ya kuonekana kwenye kifurushi, kama vile mwanya, nukta, au kona iliyokatwa kwenye lenzi au mwili, kama ilivyoonyeshwa kwenye mchoro wa vipimo. Mwelekeo sahihi wa ubaguzi wa umeme ni muhimu wakati wa usanikishaji._v6. Miongozo ya Kuuza na Usanikishaji 6.1 Vigezo vya Kuuza kwa Mbinu ya Reflow Profa iliyopendekezwa ya kuuza kwa mbinu ya reflow ina kilele cha 260°C kwa muda wa sekunde 10. Hii ni mahitaji ya kawaida ya mchakato usio na risasi (SnAgCu). Kuuza kwa mkono, ikiwa ni lazima, kinapaswa kuwa na kikomo cha 350°C kwa si zaidi ya sekunde 3 kwa kila pini, kwa kutumia chuma kilichowekwa ardhini._F6.2 Hali ya Hifadhi Vipengele vimefungwa kwenye mifuko ya kuzuia unyevu yenye unyevunyevu. Kabla ya mfuko kufunguliwa, LED lazima zihifadhiwe kwenye 30°C au chini na unyevunyevu wa jamaa wa 90% au chini. Mara tu mfuko unapofunguliwa, vipengele vinapaswa kutumiwa ndani ya muda maalum au kupikwa kulingana na taratibu za MSL (Kiwango cha Ustahimilivu wa Unyevu) ili kuzuia "popcorning" wakati wa reflow._{6.3 Tahadhari za Matumizi Kinga dhidi ya Mkondo Mwingi: LED ni vifaa vinavyoendeshwa na mkondo. Upinzani wa kikomo wa nje wa mkondo au kiendeshi cha mkondo wa mara kwa mara ni lazima. Ongezeko dogo la voltage ya mbele linaweza kusababisha ongezeko kubwa, linaloweza kuharibu, la mkondo kutokana na tabia ya kielelezo ya I-V ya diode. Tahadhari za ESD: Kifaa hiki kinaweza kuharibika kwa kutokwa kwa umeme tuli. Tumia vituo vya kazi salama vya ESD, mikanda ya mkono, na ufungaji salama wakati wa usimamizi na usanikishaji.}7. Taarifa za Ufungaji na Kuagiza 7.1 Vipimo vya Ukanda na Reel LED hutolewa kwenye ukanda wa kubeba uliochorwa kwa usanikishaji wa kuchukua-na-kuweka kiotomatiki. Upana wa ukanda, vipimo vya mfuko, na umbali wa mashimo ya sprocket vimewekwa. Kila reel ina vipande 4000. Vipimo vya reel (kipenyo, upana, ukubwa wa kitovu) vinatolewa kwa ushirikiano na vifaa vya kiotomatiki._R7.2 Ufungaji unaostahimili Unyevu Mchakato kamili wa kufunga unajumuisha kuweka vipengele vilivyowekwa kwenye reel ndani ya mfuko wa laminate wa alumini unaozuia unyevu pamoja na unyevunyevu na kadi ya kiashiria cha unyevunyevu. Mfuko huo kisha hufungwa._R7.3 Maelezo ya Lebo Lebo za reel zinajumuisha misimbo kadhaa: Nambari ya Bidhaa (P/N), Idadi ya Ufungaji (QTY), Daraja la Nguvu ya Mwanga (CAT), Daraja la Wimbi Kuu la Mwanga (HUE), Daraja la Voltage ya Mbele (REF), na Nambari ya Kundi (LOT No).

8. Mapendekezo ya Matumizi 8.1 Mazingira ya Kawaida ya Matumizi Mchanganyiko wa nguvu ya kati, ufanisi mzuri, pembe pana, na ukubwa mdogo hufanya LED hii ifae kwa: Taa za Mapambo na Burudani: Taa za kukazia usanifu, ishara, athari za taa za jukwaa ambapo rangi nyekundu inahitajika. Taa za Kilimo: Taa za ziada katika kilimo cha bustani, zinazoweza kuathiri ukuaji wa mimea kwenye wigo nyekundu. Taa za Jumla: Taa za kiashirio, taa za hali, taa za nyuma kwa paneli au swichi, na matumizi mengine yanayohitaji kiashirio cha nyekundu kinachoweza kutegemewa.

8.2 Mambo ya Kuzingatia katika Ubunifu Usimamizi wa Joto: Kwa R_th J-S ya 50 °C/W, muundo bora wa njia ya joto kwenye Bodi ya Mzunguko wa Kuchapishwa (kwa kutumia mashimo ya joto, sehemu za shaba) ni muhimu ili kudumisha joto la chini la kiungo, na kuhakikisha kuegemea kwa muda mrefu na pato la mwanga thabiti. Kuendesha Mkondo: Daima tumia chanzo cha mkondo wa mara kwa mara au chanzo cha voltage na upinzani wa mfululizo uliohesabiwa kulingana na V_F ya juu kutoka kwenye jedwali la daraja na mkondo wa uendeshaji unaolengwa. Ubunifu wa Mwanga: Pembe ya kuona ya 120° na muundo wa Lambertian hurahisisha ubunifu wa optiki ya sekondari kwa kuunda boriti ikiwa inahitajika.

9. Kuegemea na Udhibiti wa Ubora Seti kamili ya majaribio ya kuegemea inafanywa kwa kiwango cha ujasiri wa 90% na LTPD (Asilimia ya Kasoro ya Uvumilivu wa Kundi) ya 10%. Matriki ya majaribio inajumuisha: • Ustahimilivu wa Kuuza kwa Mbinu ya Reflow • Mshtuko wa Joto (-10°C hadi +100°C) • Mzunguko wa Joto (-40°C hadi +100°C) • Hifadhi ya Joto/Unyevunyevu wa Juu (85°C/85% RH) • Majaribio ya Uendeshaji/Uhai wa Hifadhi ya Joto la Juu/Chini katika hali na mikondo mbalimbali (k.m., 90mA, 180mA). Kila jaribio linatumia ukubwa wa sampuli ya vipande 22 na kigezo cha kukubali/kukataa cha 0/1, ikionyesha viwango vya juu vya kuegemea.

10. Ulinganisho wa Kiufundi na Nafasi LED hii ya kati ya nguvu ya PLCC-2 inachukua nafasi maalum. Ikilinganishwa na LED za SMD za nguvu ya chini (k.m., 0603, 0805), inatoa mkondo wa nuru mkubwa zaidi, na kuifanya ifae kwa mwanga badala ya kiashirio tu. Ikilinganishwa na LED za nguvu ya juu, inahitaji usimamizi mdogo wa joto na mzunguko wa kuendesha huku ikitoa pato la mwanga muhimu kwa matumizi mengi. Teknolojia ya AlGaInP inatoa ufanisi wa juu katika wigo nyekundu/ya machungwa/ya manjano ikilinganishwa na LED nyeupe zilizobadilishwa na fosforasi za ukubwa sawa. Pembe pana ya kuona ya 120° ni tofauti kuu kutoka kwa LED zenye boriti nyembamba zaidi na zilizolengwa zaidi._F11. Maswali Yanayoulizwa Mara kwa Mara (Kulingana na Vigezo vya Kiufundi) Swali: Ni mkondo gani wa kiendeshi ninapaswa kutumia? Jibu: Mkondo wa juu kabisa unaoendelea ni 150 mA. Kwa usawa bora wa ufanisi, maisha, na pato la mwanga, uendeshaji kati ya 60-120 mA ni wa kawaida, lakini daima rejea mikunjo ya kupunguzwa (Takwimu 5) kulingana na utendaji wa joto wa bodi yako. Swali: Ninawezaje kufasiri misimbo ya daraja katika agizo langu? Jibu: Misimbo ya lebo CAT, HUE, na REF inalingana moja kwa moja na jedwali la Mkondo wa Nuru, Wimbi Kuu la Mwanga, na Voltage ya Mbele katika sehemu 3.1, 3.2, na 3.3. Hii inakuruhusu kujua anuwai sahihi ya utendaji wa LED ulizopokea. Swali: Je, naweza kuendesha LED hii moja kwa moja kutoka kwa usambazaji wa mantiki ya 3.3V au 5V? Jibu: Hapana. Lazima utumie upinzani wa mfululizo wa kikomo cha mkondo. Hesabu thamani ya upinzani kama R = (V_supply - V_F) / I_F. Tumia V_F ya juu kutoka kwenye daraja lako la voltage ili kuhakikisha kushuka kwa voltage kutosha kwenye upinzani wakati wote. Swali: Ni athari gani ya joto la kiungo kwenye utendaji? Jibu: Kama inavyoonyeshwa kwenye Takwimu 3, pato la mwanga hupungua kadri T_J inavyoongezeka. Zaidi ya hayo, joto la juu linaongeza kasi ya kupungua kwa lumen na kunaweza kupunguza maisha ya kifaa. Kudumisha T_J ya chini kupitia usimamizi mzuri wa joto ni muhimu kwa utendaji thabiti wa muda mrefu.

12. Mfano wa Kesi ya Ubunifu Mazingira: Kubuni kioo cha usalama cha nyekundu kinachotumia betri na bei nafuu. Mahitaji: Inaonekana kutoka pembe zote, matumizi ya nguvu ya chini, mzunguko rahisi wa kuendesha, na ukubwa mdogo. Chaguo za Ubunifu: Uchaguzi wa LED: LED hii nyekundu ya PLCC-2 imechaguliwa kwa pembe yake ya kuona ya 120° (utofauti mzuri wa pande zote), nguvu ya kati (mwangaza mzuri dhidi ya maisha ya betri), na kifurushi cha SMD (kidogo, usanikishaji rahisi). Mzunguko wa Kuendesha: Mzunguko rahisi kwa kutumia betri ya sarafu ya 3V, MOSFET kwa kubadili, na upinzani wa mfululizo. Thamani ya upinzani imehesabiwa kwa I_F = 100 mA kwa kutumia R = (3.0V - 2.5V_typ) / 0.1A = 5Ω. Upinzani wa 5.1Ω, 1/4W umechaguliwa. Ubunifu wa Joto na Bodi ya Mzunguko wa Kuchapishwa: Kioo kinafanya kazi kwa mipigo mifupi (mzunguko wa kazi 10%), na kupunguza nguvu ya wastani na mzigo wa joto. Bodi ya Mzunguko wa Kuchapishwa inatumia muundo rahisi wa tabaka mbili na pedi ya LED iliyounganishwa na sehemu ndogo ya shaba kwenye tabaka la chini kwa usimamizi mdogo wa joto. Matokeo: Kioo kinachofanya kazi, kinachoweza kutegemewa kinakidhi ukubwa, gharama, na malengo ya utendaji, kwa kutumia sifa maalum za LED.

13. Kanuni ya Uendeshaji Hiki ni kifaa cha fotoni cha semiconductor kinachotegemea muundo wa heterostructure ya AlGaInP (Alumini Galiamu Indiamu Fosfidi). Wakati voltage ya mbele inazidi voltage ya kuwasha ya diode inatumika, elektroni na mashimo huingizwa kwenye eneo la shughuli kutoka kwa tabaka za aina-n na aina-p, mtawaliwa. Wabebaji hawa wa malipo hujumuishwa tena kwa mionzi ndani ya visima vya quantum vya eneo la shughuli, na kutolewa nishati kwa namna ya fotoni. Muundo maalum wa aloi ya AlGaInP huamua nishati ya pengo la bendi, ambayo inafafanua moja kwa moja urefu wa wimbi (rangi) ya mwanga unaotolewa—katika kesi hii, kwenye wigo nyekundu (615-630 nm). Hariri ya epoksi isiyo na rangi inalinda chip ya semiconductor, inatoa uthabiti wa mitambo, na huunda boriti ya pato la mwanga.

14. Mienendo ya Teknolojia LED za SMD za nguvu ya kati kama aina hii ya PLCC-2 zinaendelea kubadilika. Mienendo ya jumla ya tasnia inajumuisha: Ufanisi Ulioongezeka: Uboreshaji unaoendelea wa ufanisi wa quantum wa ndani, uchimbaji wa mwanga, na ubunifu wa kifurushi husababisha lumens zaidi kwa watt (lm/W), na kupunguza matumizi ya nishati kwa pato sawa la mwanga. Ufanisi wa Rangi Ulioimarishwa: Uvumilivu mkali wa daraja kwa urefu wa wimbi na mkondo wa nuru, unaowezeshwa na udhibiti wa juu wa mchakato wa uzalishaji, huruhusu kufananisha rangi bora katika safu za LED nyingi bila kuchagua kwa mkono. Kuegemea Kulioimarishwa: Maendeleo ya nyenzo za kifurushi zenye nguvu zaidi (mchanganyiko wa kuunda, fremu za kuongoza) na kuegemea kilichoboreshwa kwa kiwango cha chip husababisha maisha marefu ya uendeshaji (vipimo vya L70, L90) chini ya mikondo ya juu ya kuendesha na joto. Kupunguzwa kwa Ukubwa na Utendaji: Hamkosi ya safu ndogo zaidi, zenye msongamano wa LED, inasukuma ukubwa wa kifurushi chini huku ukidumisha au kuongeza pato la mwanga, ingawa hii inazidisha changamoto za usimamizi wa joto. Suluhisho Smart & Zilizounganishwa: Soko pana linaona ukuaji katika LED zilizo na viendeshi vilivyounganishwa, vidhibiti, au sensorer, ingawa hii inajulikana zaidi katika sehemu za nguvu ya juu au maalum.

The color point is controlled through dominant wavelength bins. The available bins are O54 (615-620 nm), R51 (620-625 nm), and R52 (625-630 nm), defining the specific shade of red emitted. The measurement tolerance for dominant/peak wavelength is ±1 nm.

. Performance Curve Analysis

The datasheet provides several characteristic curves that illustrate device behavior under varying conditions.

.1 Spectral Distribution

A graph shows the relative luminous intensity versus wavelength, typical for a red AlGaInP LED, with a peak in the 620-660 nm range and a defined spectral width.

.2 Forward Voltage vs. Junction Temperature

Figure 1 plots the shift in forward voltage against junction temperature. The curve typically shows a negative coefficient, meaning V_Fdecreases as T_jincreases, which is a critical factor for constant-current driver design.

.3 Relative Radiometric Power vs. Forward Current

Figure 2 demonstrates the sub-linear relationship between light output (relative radiometric power) and forward current. The output increases with current but with diminishing returns at higher currents due to efficiency droop and thermal effects.

.4 Relative Luminous Flux vs. Junction Temperature

Figure 3 shows how light output decreases as the junction temperature rises. This thermal derating is essential for predicting performance in real-world applications where heatsinking may be limited.

.5 Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage & Thermal Derating

Figure 4 depicts the standard I-V curve. Figure 5 is crucial for reliability, showing the maximum allowable driving forward current as a function of the soldering temperature, ensuring the device is not overstressed during operation after assembly.

.6 Radiation Pattern

Figure 6 presents a polar radiation diagram, confirming the 120° viewing angle (where intensity drops to 50% of the axial value) and the symmetrical Lambertian-like emission pattern typical of top-view PLCC packages.

. Mechanical & Package Information

.1 Package Dimensions

The PLCC-2 package has nominal dimensions of 3.0 mm in length, 2.8 mm in width, and a height of 1.9 mm. A detailed dimensioned drawing specifies pad locations, overall tolerances (±0.1 mm unless noted), and the lens structure. The top-view design indicates the light is emitted perpendicular to the mounting plane.

.2 Polarity Identification

The cathode is typically identified by a visual marker on the package, such as a notch, a dot, or a cut corner on the lens or body, as indicated in the dimension drawing. Correct polarity orientation is essential during assembly.

. Soldering & Assembly Guidelines

.1 Reflow Soldering Parameters

The recommended reflow soldering profile peaks at 260°C for a duration of 10 seconds. This is a standard lead-free (SnAgCu) process requirement. Hand soldering, if necessary, should be limited to 350°C for no more than 3 seconds per lead, using a grounded iron.

.2 Storage Conditions

The components are packaged in moisture-sensitive barrier bags with desiccant. Before the bag is opened, LEDs must be stored at 30°C or less and 90% relative humidity or less. Once opened, components should be used within a specified timeframe or baked according to MSL (Moisture Sensitivity Level) procedures to prevent popcorning during reflow.

.3 Precautions for Use

Over-current Protection:LEDs are current-driven devices. An external current-limiting resistor or constant-current driver is mandatory. A small increase in forward voltage can cause a large, potentially destructive increase in current due to the diode's exponential I-V characteristic.
ESD Precautions:The device is sensitive to electrostatic discharge. Use ESD-safe workstations, wrist straps, and packaging during handling and assembly.

. Packaging & Ordering Information

.1 Tape and Reel Specifications

The LEDs are supplied on embossed carrier tape for automated pick-and-place assembly. The tape width, pocket dimensions, and sprocket hole pitch are specified. Each reel contains 4000 pieces. Reel dimensions (diameter, width, hub size) are provided for compatibility with automated equipment.

.2 Moisture-Resistant Packing

The full packing process involves placing the reeled components into an aluminum laminate moisture-proof bag along with desiccant and a humidity indicator card. The bag is then sealed.

.3 Label Explanation

Reel labels include several codes: P/N (Product Number), QTY (Packing Quantity), CAT (Luminous Intensity Rank/bin), HUE (Dominant Wavelength Rank/bin), REF (Forward Voltage Rank/bin), and LOT No (Traceable Lot Number).

. Application Suggestions

.1 Typical Application Scenarios

The combination of medium power, good efficiency, wide angle, and compact size makes this LED suitable for:
• Decorative and Entertainment Lighting:Architectural accent lighting, signage, stage lighting effects where red color is required.
• Agriculture Lighting:Supplemental lighting in horticulture, potentially influencing plant photomorphogenesis in the red spectrum.
• General Lighting:Indicator lights, status lights, backlighting for panels or switches, and other applications requiring a reliable red indicator.

.2 Design Considerations

• Thermal Management:With an R_{th J-S}of 50 °C/W, effective thermal path design on the PCB (using thermal vias, copper pours) is important to maintain low junction temperature, ensuring long-term reliability and stable light output.
• Current Drive:Always use a constant current source or a voltage source with a series resistor calculated based on the maximum V_Ffrom the binning table and the target operating current.
• Optical Design:The 120° viewing angle and Lambertian pattern simplify secondary optics design for beam shaping if required.

. Reliability & Quality Assurance

A comprehensive set of reliability tests is performed with a 90% confidence level and an LTPD (Lot Tolerance Percent Defective) of 10%. The test matrix includes:
• Reflow Soldering Resistance
• Thermal Shock (-10°C to +100°C)
• Temperature Cycling (-40°C to +100°C)
• High Temperature/Humidity Storage (85°C/85% RH)
• High/Low Temperature Operation and Storage Life tests at various conditions and currents (e.g., 90mA, 180mA).
Each test uses a sample size of 22 pieces with an accept/reject criterion of 0/1, indicating high reliability standards.

. Technical Comparison & Positioning

This middle-power PLCC-2 LED occupies a specific niche. Compared to low-power SMD LEDs (e.g., 0603, 0805), it offers significantly higher luminous flux, making it suitable for illumination rather than just indication. Compared to high-power LEDs, it requires less complex thermal management and driving circuitry while still delivering useful light output for many applications. The AlGaInP technology provides high efficiency in the red/orange/amber spectrum compared to phosphor-converted white LEDs of similar size. The wide 120° viewing angle is a key differentiator from LEDs with narrower, more focused beams.

. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)

Q: What driver current should I use?
A: The absolute maximum continuous current is 150 mA. For optimal balance of efficiency, lifetime, and light output, operating between 60-120 mA is typical, but always refer to the derating curves (Fig. 5) based on your board's thermal performance.
Q: How do I interpret the binning codes in my order?
A: The label codes CAT, HUE, and REF correspond directly to the Luminous Flux, Dominant Wavelength, and Forward Voltage bin tables in sections 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3. This allows you to know the precise performance range of the LEDs you received.
Q: Can I drive this LED directly from a 3.3V or 5V logic supply?
A: No. You must use a series current-limiting resistor. Calculate the resistor value as R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. Use the maximum V_Ffrom your voltage bin to ensure enough voltage drop across the resistor at all times.
Q: What is the impact of junction temperature on performance?
A: As shown in Fig. 3, light output decreases as T_jincreases. Furthermore, higher temperatures accelerate lumen depreciation and can reduce device lifetime. Maintaining a low T_jthrough good heatsinking is critical for consistent, long-term performance.

. Design-in Case Study Example

Scenario:Designing a low-cost, battery-powered red safety beacon.
Requirements:Visible from all angles, low power consumption, simple drive circuit, compact.
Design Choices:
1. LED Selection:This PLCC-2 red LED is chosen for its 120° viewing angle (good omnidirectionality), medium power (good brightness vs. battery life), and SMD package (small, easy assembly).
2. Drive Circuit:A simple circuit using a 3V coin cell battery, a MOSFET for switching, and a series resistor. The resistor value is calculated for I_F= 100 mA using R = (3.0V - 2.5V_typ) / 0.1A = 5Ω. A 5.1Ω, 1/4W resistor is selected.
3. Thermal & PCB Design:The beacon operates in short pulses (10% duty cycle), reducing average power and thermal load. The PCB uses a simple two-layer design with the LED pad connected to a small copper pour on the bottom layer for slight heatsinking.
4. Result:A functional, reliable beacon meeting size, cost, and performance targets, leveraging the LED's specified characteristics.

. Operating Principle

This is a semiconductor photonic device based on an AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide) heterostructure. When a forward voltage exceeding the diode's turn-on voltage is applied, electrons and holes are injected into the active region from the n-type and p-type layers, respectively. These charge carriers recombine radiatively within the quantum wells of the active region, releasing energy in the form of photons. The specific composition of the AlGaInP alloy determines the bandgap energy, which directly defines the wavelength (color) of the emitted light—in this case, in the red spectrum (615-630 nm). The water-clear epoxy resin encapsulant protects the semiconductor chip, provides mechanical stability, and shapes the light output beam.

. Technology Trends

Middle-power SMD LEDs like this PLCC-2 type continue to evolve. General industry trends include:
• Increased Efficacy:Ongoing improvements in internal quantum efficiency, light extraction, and package design lead to higher lumens per watt (lm/W), reducing energy consumption for the same light output.
• Improved Color Consistency:Tighter binning tolerances for wavelength and flux, enabled by advanced manufacturing process control, allow for better color matching in multi-LED arrays without manual sorting.
• Enhanced Reliability:Development of more robust package materials (mold compounds, leadframes) and improved chip-level reliability lead to longer operational lifetimes (L70, L90 metrics) under higher drive currents and temperatures.
• Miniaturization with Performance:The drive for smaller, denser LED arrays pushes package sizes down while maintaining or increasing light output, though this intensifies thermal management challenges.
• Smart & Integrated Solutions:The broader market sees growth in LEDs with integrated drivers, controllers, or sensors, though this is more prevalent in high-power or specialty segments.