LTL-R42FGG1H214T Through-Hole LED Indicator Datasheet - Dimensions - Voltage 2.0V - Power 52mW - Yellow-Green - Technical Documentation

1. Muhtasari wa Bidhaa

Waraka huu unaelezea kwa kina vipimo vya kiufundi vya kiashiria cha LED cha kuingizwa moja kwa moja, kifaa kilichoundwa mahsusi kwa Uonyeshaji wa Hali ya Bodi ya Saketi (CBI). Kinaundwa na msaada wa pembe ya kulia wa plastiki nyeusi (kifuniko) uliojumuishwa na kipengele cha LED. Usanifu huu unakusudiwa kutoa uonyeshaji wa hali wazi na wa kuona kwa bodi ya saketi ya elektroniki.

1.1 Sifa Muhimu na Faida

Bidhaa hii ina sifa muhimu kadhaa zinazoweza kuboresha utendaji na utumizi wake katika matumizi ya elektroniki:

• Muundo wa tofauti kubwa:Nyenzo za kifuniko cha nyeusi zimechaguliwa kwa lengo la kuunda tofauti kubwa na LED zinazong'ara, na hivyo kuboresha kuonekana.
• Lenzi ya kusambaza:Lenzi ni ya aina ya kijani ya kusambaza, inasaidia kulainisha na kusambaza mwanga unaotolewa, kupunguza mng'aro, na kuonyesha muonekano sawa zaidi.
• Ufanisi wa juu wa nishati:Kifaa hiki kina sifa ya matumizi ya chini ya nguvu huku kikiendelea kuwa na ufanisi wa juu wa kutolea mwanga.
• Uzingatiaji wa mazingira:The product complies with lead-free requirements and the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive.
• LED Technology:The light source utilizes an AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) semiconductor chip, capable of emitting a yellow-green spectrum.
• Automation-Friendly Assembly:The components are supplied in tape-and-reel packaging, suitable for automated surface-mount assembly processes.

1.2 Matumizi Lengwa na Soko

This LED indicator is suitable for a wide range of electronic equipment across multiple industries, including:

• Computer Systems:Status indicators on motherboards, servers, and peripherals.
• Communication Equipment:Signal and status lights in network hardware, routers, and switches.
• Consumer Electronics:Power indicators and functional status lights in home appliances and audio/video equipment.
• Industrial Control:Machine status, fault indication, and panel lighting in automation and control systems.

2. Uchambuzi wa kina wa Vigezo vya Kiufundi

Sehemu hii inachambua kwa kina mipaka ya uendeshaji na sifa za utendaji wa kifaa chini ya hali ya kawaida ya majaribio (TA=25°C).

2.1 Viwango vya Juu Kabisa

Viwango hivi vinafafanua mipaka ya mkazo ambayo inaweza kusababisha uharibifu wa kudumu wa kifaa. Ili kuhakikisha utendaji unaotegemewa, haipendekezwi kufanya kazi chini ya hali zinazofikia au kukaribia mipaka hii.

• Matumizi ya nguvu (Pd):52 mW. Hii ndiyo nguvu ya juu ambayo kifaa kinaweza kutawanya kwa usalama kama joto.
• Upeo wa sasa wa mbele (I_FP):60 mA. This current is only permitted under pulse conditions (duty cycle ≤ 1/10, pulse width ≤ 0.1ms).
• Continuous Forward Current (I_F):20 mA. This is the maximum current recommended for continuous DC operation.
• Current Derating:When the ambient temperature exceeds 30°C, the maximum allowable continuous forward current must be linearly reduced at a rate of 0.27 mA per degree Celsius.
• Operating Temperature Range:-30°C to +85°C. The device is designed to operate within this ambient temperature range.
• Storage Temperature Range:-40°C hadi +100°C.
• Joto la kuunganisha pini:260°C, kwa muda wa sekunde 5 kwa upeo, kipimo kimoja umbali wa 2.0mm (0.079 inchi) kutoka kwa mwili wa kifaa.

2.2 Tabia za Umeme na Optiki

Vigezo hivi vinabainisha utendaji wa kawaida wa kifaa chini ya masharti maalum (I_F= 10mA, TA=25°C).

• Nguvu ya mwanga unaotolewa (I_V):8.7 mcd (kiwango cha chini), 15 mcd (kiwango cha kawaida), 29 mcd (kiwango cha juu). Kigezo hiki hupima nguvu inayohisiwa ya mwanga unaotolewa. Thamani zilizohakikishiwa zinajumuisha ukingo wa ±15% wa majaribio.
• Pembe ya mtazamo (2θ_1/2):100 degrees (typical). This is the full angle at which the luminous intensity drops to half of the axial measured value.
• Peak emission wavelength (λ_P):572 nm (typical). The wavelength at which spectral emission is strongest.
• Dominant wavelength (λ_d):566 nm (min), 569 nm (typical), 574 nm (max). This is the single wavelength that best represents the color of light perceived by the human eye, derived from the CIE chromaticity diagram.
• Spectral line half-width (Δλ):15 nm (typical). A measure of the spectral purity or bandwidth of the emitted light.
• Forward voltage (V_F):1.6 V (min), 2.0 V (typical), 2.5 V (max). The voltage drop across the LED when a specified forward current flows.
• Reverse current (I_R):At a reverse voltage (V_R) of 5V, maximum 100 µA.Important Notice:This device is not designed for operation in reverse bias; this test condition is for characterization only.

3. Uainishaji wa Mfumo wa Daraja

To ensure consistency in applications, LEDs are binned according to key optical parameters. This allows designers to select devices that meet specific brightness and color requirements.

3.1 Uainishaji wa Nguvu ya Mwanga

LED zimegawanywa kulingana na nguvu ya mwanga inayopimwa kwa I_F= 10mA. Kila daraja lina uvumilivu wa ±15% kwenye mipaka ya juu na ya chini.

• Daraja la L3:8.7 mcd (kiwango cha chini) hadi 12.6 mcd (kiwango cha juu)
• Daraja la L2:12.6 mcd (kiwango cha chini) hadi 19 mcd (kiwango cha juu)
• Daraja la L1:19 mcd (kiwango cha chini) hadi 29 mcd (kiwango cha juu)

3.2 Uainishaji wa Wavelength Kuu (Hue)

LEDs are also sorted by their dominant wavelength to control color consistency. The tolerance for each bin limit is ±1 nm.

• H06 Bin:566.0 nm to 568.0 nm
• H07 Bin:568.0 nm to 570.0 nm
• H08 Bin:570.0 nm to 572.0 nm
• H09 Grade:572.0 nm to 574.0 nm

4. Performance Curve Analysis

Although the source document references specific graphical data, the typical performance curves for this type of LED will clarify the relationship between key parameters. These curves are crucial for detailed circuit design and for understanding the device's behavior under non-standard conditions.

4.1 Typical Characteristic Curves

Designers should expect to analyze curves that include the following:

• Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage (I-V Curve):It demonstrates an exponential relationship, which is crucial for determining the required drive voltage and series resistance values.
• Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current:It illustrates how the light output increases with current until the maximum rated value is reached.
• Luminous Intensity vs. Ambient Temperature:It shows the reduction in light output as the junction temperature rises, which is influenced by ambient temperature and drive current.
• Spectral Distribution:A plot of relative intensity versus wavelength, showing the peak at approximately 572 nm and the spectral width.
• Viewing Angle Distribution Diagram:Mchoro wa polar unaoelezea usambazaji wa pembe ya ukali wa mwanga unaotolewa.

5. Mechanical and Packaging Information

5.1 Outline Dimensions

Kifaa hiki kimeundwa kwa usakinishaji wa moja kwa moja wa pembe ya kulia. Maelezo muhimu ya vipimo ni pamoja na:

• Vipimo vyote vikuu vinatolewa kwa milimita, na inchi ziko kwenye mabano.
• Isipokuwa imebainishwa vinginevyo, uvumilivu wa jumla wa ±0.25mm (±0.010") unatumika.
• The housing material is black/dark gray plastic.
• The integrated LED is yellow-green with a green diffuser lens.

5.2 Ukubamba kwa Ufungaji

The component supply form is suitable for automated assembly.

• Carrier Tape:Made of black conductive polystyrene alloy, with a thickness of 0.50 mm ±0.06 mm.
• Carrier Tape Dimensions:Toleo la jumla la umbali wa mashimo 10 ya sprocket ni ±0.20 mm.
• Idadi ya reeli:Kila reeli ya kawaida ya inchi 13 ina vipande 350.
• Ukubwa wa reeli:Tumia ukubwa wa kawaida wa reeli (mfano aina ya PS6) ili kuhakikisha utangamano na vifaa vya otomatiki.

6. Mwongozo wa Uchomeaji na Usanikishaji

Usindikaji sahihi ni muhimu sana kudumisha uaminifu na kuzuia uharibifu.

6.1 Uhifadhi na Usafishaji

• Uhifadhi:Kwa uhifadhi wa muda mrefu (zaidi ya miezi 3) nje ya mfuko wa asili, tumia chombo kilichofungwa kwa usawa chenye kivukizo au mazingira ya nitrojeni. Masharti yanayopendekezwa ni ≤30°C na unyevunyevu wa jamaa ≤70%.
• Usafishaji:Ikiwa ni lazima, tumia tu vimumunyisho vya msingi wa pombe kama vile isopropanol kwa usafishaji.

6.2 Uundaji wa Pini na Usanikishaji wa PCB

• Pinda pini angalau 3mm kutoka kwenye msingi wa lenzi ya LED. Usitumie msingi wa lenzi kama sehemu ya msaada.
• Uundaji wa pini zote unapaswa kufanywa kwa joto la kawaida, na在 kuuziwa.
• Wakati wa kuingiza PCB, tumia nguvu ya chini ya kushinikiza ili kuepeka mkazo wa mitambo kwa vipengele.

6.3 Soldering Process

Weka umbali wa chini wa mm 2 kutoka msingi wa lenzi/msimamizi hadi sehemu ya kuuziwa. Epuka kuzamisha lenzi kwenye aloi ya kuuzia.

• Kuuziwa kwa mkono (chuma cha kuuzia):Joto la juu la 350°C, si zaidi ya sekunde 3 kwa kila sehemu ya kuuziwa.
• Kuuziwa kwa wimbi:Maximum preheat temperature 120°C, maximum duration 100 seconds. Maximum solder wave temperature 260°C, not exceeding 5 seconds. Ensure the solder wave does not contact areas within 2mm of the lens base.
• Critical Considerations:Excessively high temperature or duration may cause lens deformation or catastrophic LED failure. Avoid applying stress to the pins while the LED is at high temperature.

7. Application Design Recommendations

7.1 Drive Circuit Design

LED is a current-driven device. To ensure uniform brightness when using multiple LEDs (especially in parallel configurations),It is strongly recommendedConnect a current-limiting resistor in series with each LED.

• Recommended Circuit (A):Each LED has its own independent series resistor connected to the power supply. This compensates for the normal differences in forward voltage (V_F) between individual LEDs, ensuring they all receive similar current and thus have similar brightness.
• Not Recommended Circuit (B):It is not recommended to directly parallel multiple LEDs and share a single resistor. Minor differences in the I-V characteristics of each LED can lead to significant current imbalance, causing uneven brightness, where one device may be overdriven while others are underdriven.

7.2 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection

LEDs are susceptible to damage from electrostatic discharge. The following precautions should be taken in handling and assembly environments:

• Watu wanapaswa kuvaa mkanda wa kuzingatia ardhi au glavu za kinga ya umeme tuli.
• Vifaa vyote, vituo vya kazi na samani za uhifadhi lazima zizingatiwe ardhi ipasavyo.
• Tumia jenereta ya ioni ili kupunguza malipo ya umeme tuli yanayoweza kukusanyika kwenye lenzi za plastiki wakati wa uendeshaji.
• Dumisha mpango wa mafunzo na uthibitisho kwa wafanyikazi wanaofanya kazi katika maeneo yaliyolindwa na ESD.

7.3 Upeo wa Utumizi na Vizuizi

LED hii inafaa kwa matumizi ya kawaida ya kuonyesha katika alama za elektroni za ndani na nje, pamoja na vifaa vya kawaida vya elektroni. Mbuni lazima kuhakikisha hali ya kufanya kazi (sasa, joto) inabaki ndani ya viwango vya juu kabisa vilivyobainishwa na hali zinazopendekezwa za uendeshaji katika hati hii.

8. Ulinganishi wa Teknolojia na Mazingatio ya Ubunifu

8.1 Sifa Muhimu za Tofauti

Ikilinganishwa na taa za msingi za LED, bidhaa hii inatoa sifa za ushirikiano:

• Kifuniko Kilichoshirikishwa:Msaada wa chuma mweusi wa pembe za kulia hutoa usaidizi wa kiufundi, hurahisisha mpangilio wa bodi ya mzunguko, na huongeza tofauti ya mwangaza, bila haja ya mfumo wa kando au mfereji wa mwanga tofauti.
• Pato la Kutawanyika:Lenzi iliyoshirikishwa ya kutawanyika hutoa chanzo cha mwanga chenye mtazamo mpana na laini zaidi ikilinganishwa na lenzi wazi ya LED, ambayo kwa kawaida inafaa zaidi kwa kiashiria cha hali.
• Ufungaji Tayari kwa Otomatiki:Ufungaji wa Tape na Reel unaunga mkono moja kwa moja michakato ya uzalishaji kwa wingi.

8.2 Orodha ya Ukaguzi ya Ubunifu

• Thibitisha ukubwa unaohitajika wa mwanga na uchague kiwango kinachofaa (L1, L2, L3).
• Thibitisha anuwai inayokubalika ya rangi na uchague kiwango kinachofaa cha urefu wa wimbi (H06-H09).
• Kulingana na voltage ya usambazaji (V_{Usambazaji wa Umeme}), the typical V_F(e.g., 2.0V) and the desired operating current (≤20mA DC) to calculate the series resistor value. Formula: R = (V_{Usambazaji wa Umeme}- V_F) / I_F.
• Ensure the PCB layout provides the specified 2mm spacing between the pad and the device body.
• If the operating current is close to the maximum value or under high ambient temperature, consider the derating curve and plan a heat dissipation solution.

9. Maswali Yanayoulizwa Mara kwa Mara (Kulingana na Vigezo vya Kiufundi)

9.1 Je, urefu wa wimbi la kilele na urefu wa wimbi kuu ni tofauti gani?

Peak wavelength (λ_P):This is the physical wavelength at which the LED chip emits its strongest optical power. It is a property of the semiconductor material.Dominant wavelength (λ_d):This is a calculated value based on the CIE color matching functions, representing the light color perceived by the human eye. For monochromatic light sources like this yellow-green LED, the two are usually close, but λ_dis the key parameter for color specification in applications.

9.2 Je, naweza kuendesha LED hii kwa mfululizo kwa 20mA?

Yes, 20mA is the specified maximum continuous forward current at an ambient temperature of 25°C. However, to improve long-term reliability and account for higher ambient temperatures, it is generally recommended to drive the LED at a lower current (e.g., 10-15mA) if the application's brightness requirements allow. Remember to apply derating when the ambient temperature exceeds 30°C.

9.3 Kwa nini nahitaji kupinga mfululizo hata wakati chanzo changu cha umeme ni cha kikomo cha sasa?

A dedicated series resistor provides local, precise current regulation for each LED. It also protects against transient voltage spikes and helps balance current in parallel branches. Relying solely on a system-level current-limited power supply may not provide sufficient protection or balancing for individual LED components, especially when the power supply regulation is not tight enough or when wiring impedance varies.

10. Mfano wa Matumizi Halisi

10.1 Kubuni Paneli ya Kiashiria ya Hali Mbili

Mazingira:Ruta ya mtandao inahitaji LED mbili za hali: "Nguvu Imewashwa" (inang'aa daima) na "Shughuli ya Mtandao" (inayometa). Zote mbili zinahitaji kuonekana wazi kwenye paneli yenye rangi nzito.

Hatua za Ubunifu:

1. Uchaguzi wa Vipengele:LED hii inafaa kwa sababu ya ganda lake jeusi lenye tofauti kubwa na mwanga wake wa kijani unaotawanyika. Chagua kiwango ili kuhakikisha rangi inalingana (k.m. H07) na mwangaza wa kutosha (k.m. L2).
2. Ubunifu wa Saketi:Bodi kuu ya ruta inatoa reli ya umeme ya 3.3V. Kwa mkondo wa lengo wa 10mA:
   R = (3.3V - 2.0V) / 0.010A = 130 ohms. Thamani ya kawaida iliyo karibu zaidi ya 130Ω au 150Ω inaweza kutumiwa.
3. Mpangilio wa PCB:将LED放置在电路板边缘。直角设计使其垂直于电路板指向面板开孔。确保焊盘与安装孔边缘的距离>2mm，以保持所需间距。
4. Kuendesha:LED ya "Umeme Washwa" imeunganishwa moja kwa moja kwenye reli ya umeme ya 3.3V kupitia upinzani wake mfululizo. LED ya "Shughuli za Mtandao" imeunganishwa kwenye pini ya GPIO ya microcontroller kuu kupitia upinzani wake mfululizo, ikiruhusu mwanga kuwaka na kuzima kudhibitiwa na programu.
5. Matokeo:A simple, reliable indicator solution with uniform color and brightness, easily assembled via automated processes using tape-and-reel supply.

11. Kanuni za Kiufundi

11.1 Kanuni ya Uendeshaji ya LED

A Light Emitting Diode (LED) is a semiconductor p-n junction diode. When a forward voltage is applied, electrons from the n-type material recombine with holes from the p-type material within the active region of the junction. This recombination process releases energy in the form of photons (light). The specific wavelength (color) of the emitted light is determined by the bandgap energy of the semiconductor material used—in this case, AlInGaP for yellow-green emission. The diffusing lens above the chip, made of epoxy or similar material, scatters the light to create a wider, more uniform beam pattern.

12. Industry Trends and Background

12.1 Evolution of Indicator LEDs

Ingawa LED za msingi za kiashiria bado ni muhimu, mwelekeo unajumuisha kuelekea kwenye nyenzo zenye ufanisi zaidi (kama InGaN kwa rangi pana zaidi), mkondo wa chini wa uendeshaji, na ufungaji wa vifaa vya kushikamana kwenye uso (SMD) kwa minyoo. Hata hivyo, vipengele vya kuingizwa moja kwa moja kama bidhaa hii bado vinabaki muhimu katika matumizi ambayo yanahitaji nguvu za mitambo za juu, utengenezaji wa mfano au uzalishaji mdogo unaorahisisha usanikishaji wa mikono, au umbo la pembe ya kulia linalofaa hasa kwa usakinishaji wa paneli. Kama inavyoonyeshwa hapa, kuunganisha kifurushi na LED kunawakilisha njia yenye thamani ya kuongeza thamani ya kurahisisha mchakato wa usanikishaji wa mtumiaji wa mwisho.