LED Lamp 523-2SDRD/S530-A3 Datasheet - Deep Red - 120° Viewing Angle - 2.0V Forward Voltage - 60mW Power Dissipation - English Technical Document

1. Product Overview

This document provides the technical specifications for a high-brightness, deep red LED lamp designed for general indicator and backlighting applications. The device utilizes AlGaInP chip technology encapsulated in a red diffused resin, producing light with a dominant wavelength of approximately 639 nm. It is characterized by a wide 120-degree viewing angle and is offered on tape and reel for automated assembly.

The product is designed to be reliable and robust, complying with relevant environmental and safety standards including RoHS, EU REACH, and halogen-free requirements (Br <900 ppm, Cl <900 ppm, Br+Cl < 1500 ppm). Its primary applications include use in consumer electronics such as television sets, monitors, telephones, and computers where a clear, visible red indicator is required.

2. Technical Parameters

2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

The device must not be operated beyond these limits, as doing so may cause permanent damage.

• Continuous Forward Current (I_F): 25 mA
• Electrostatic Discharge (ESD): 2000 V (Human Body Model)
• Reverse Voltage (V_R): 5 V
• Power Dissipation (P_d): 60 mW
• Operating Temperature (T_opr): -40°C to +85°C
• Storage Temperature (T_stg): -40°C to +100°C
• Soldering Temperature (T_sol): 260°C for 5 seconds maximum

2.2 Electro-Optical Characteristics

All parameters are measured at an ambient temperature (T_a) of 25°C and a forward current (I_F) of 20 mA, unless otherwise specified.

• Luminous Intensity (I_v): Typical 16 mcd (Minimum 10 mcd)
• Viewing Angle (2θ_1/2): 120 degrees (Typical)
• Peak Wavelength (λ_p): 650 nm (Typical)
• Dominant Wavelength (λ_d): 639 nm (Typical)
• Spectrum Radiation Bandwidth (Δλ): 20 nm (Typical)
• Forward Voltage (V_F): Typical 2.0 V (Maximum 2.4 V)
• Reverse Current (I_R): Maximum 10 μA at V_R=5V

Note: Measurement uncertainties are ±10% for luminous intensity, ±0.1V for forward voltage, and ±1.0nm for dominant wavelength.

3. Performance Curve Analysis

The datasheet includes several characteristic curves that illustrate the device's behavior under varying conditions. These are essential for circuit design and thermal management.

3.1 Relative Intensity vs. Wavelength

This curve shows the spectral power distribution, centered around the 650 nm peak wavelength with a typical bandwidth of 20 nm, confirming the deep red color output.

3.2 Directivity Pattern

A polar plot illustrates the 120-degree viewing angle, showing the angular distribution of light intensity. The pattern is typical for a lamp-style LED with a diffused lens.

3.3 Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage (I-V Curve)

This graph depicts the non-linear relationship between current and voltage. The typical forward voltage is 2.0V at 20mA. Designers must use current-limiting resistors or constant-current drivers based on this curve.

3.4 Relative Intensity vs. Forward Current

Light output (relative intensity) increases with forward current but is not perfectly linear. Operating above the absolute maximum rating of 25mA is prohibited and will reduce lifetime.

3.5 Thermal Characteristics

Two key graphs are provided:
Relative Intensity vs. Ambient Temperature: Shows that light output decreases as ambient temperature increases. This must be factored into designs for high-temperature environments.
Forward Current vs. Ambient Temperature: Indicates how the maximum permissible forward current should be derated as the ambient temperature rises above 25°C to stay within the 60mW power dissipation limit.

4. Mechanical and Packaging Information

4.1 Package Dimensions

The LED is housed in a standard 5mm round package (often referred to as a T-1 3/4). Key dimensional notes include:

• All dimensions are in millimeters.
• The height of the flange (the rim at the base of the dome) must be less than 1.5mm.
• The general tolerance for dimensions is ±0.25mm unless otherwise specified on the drawing.
• The drawing shows the lead spacing, body diameter, and overall height, which are critical for PCB footprint design.

4.2 Polarity Identification

The longer lead denotes the anode (positive), and the shorter lead denotes the cathode (negative). This is the standard convention for through-hole LEDs. The cathode may also be indicated by a flat spot on the plastic lens flange.

5. Soldering and Assembly Guidelines

Proper handling is crucial to ensure reliability and prevent damage to the LED.

5.1 Lead Forming

• Bend leads at a point at least 3mm from the base of the epoxy bulb.
• Perform lead forming before soldering.
• Avoid stressing the package during bending.
• Cut leads at room temperature.
• Ensure PCB holes align perfectly with LED leads to avoid mounting stress.

5.2 Storage

• Store at ≤30°C and ≤70% Relative Humidity (RH). Shelf life is 3 months under these conditions.
• For storage beyond 3 months, use a sealed container with a nitrogen atmosphere and desiccant for up to 1 year.
• Avoid rapid temperature changes in humid environments to prevent condensation.

5.3 Soldering Process

General Rule: Maintain a minimum distance of 3mm from the solder joint to the epoxy bulb.

Hand Soldering:

• Iron Tip Temperature: Maximum 300°C (for a 30W max iron).
• Soldering Time: Maximum 3 seconds per lead.

Wave (DIP) Soldering:

• Preheat Temperature: Maximum 100°C (for max 60 seconds).
• Solder Bath Temperature & Time: Maximum 260°C for 5 seconds.

Critical Soldering Notes:

• Avoid stress on leads during and immediately after soldering while the LED is hot.
• Do not solder (dip or hand) more than once.
• Protect the LED from mechanical shock/vibration until it cools to room temperature.
• Use the lowest possible temperature that achieves a reliable solder joint.
• Follow the recommended soldering profile (preheat, laminar wave, cooling) to minimize thermal shock.

5.4 Cleaning

• If necessary, clean only with isopropyl alcohol at room temperature for ≤1 minute.
• Air dry at room temperature.
• Do not use ultrasonic cleaning unless absolutely necessary and only after pre-qualification tests confirm no damage occurs.

5.5 Heat Management

Thermal management must be considered during the application design phase. The forward current must be appropriately derated based on the operating ambient temperature to prevent exceeding the maximum junction temperature and power dissipation rating, thereby ensuring long-term reliability.

6. Packaging and Ordering Information

6.1 Packing Specification

The LEDs are packaged to prevent damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD) and moisture.

• Primary Packing: Anti-static bags.
• Secondary Packing: Inner cartons.
• Tertiary Packing: Outside cartons.
• Packing Quantity: 200 to 500 pieces per bag. 5 bags per inner carton. 10 inner cartons per outside carton.

6.2 Label Explanation

Labels on the packaging contain the following information:

• CPN: Customer's Production Number
• P/N: Production Number (Part Number)
• QTY: Packing Quantity
• CAT: Rank/Bin for Luminous Intensity
• HUE: Rank/Bin for Dominant Wavelength
• REF: Rank/Bin for Forward Voltage
• LOT No: Manufacturing Lot Number for traceability.

This binning system ensures electrical and optical parameters fall within specified tighter ranges than the overall datasheet limits.

7. Application Suggestions and Design Considerations

7.1 Typical Application Circuits

For use with a constant voltage source (e.g., 5V or 12V), a current-limiting resistor is mandatory. The resistor value (R) can be calculated using Ohm's Law: R = (V_supply - V_F) / I_F. Using the typical V_F of 2.0V and a desired I_F of 20mA with a 5V supply: R = (5V - 2.0V) / 0.020A = 150 Ω. A resistor with a power rating of at least (5V-2.0V)*0.020A = 0.06W should be selected.

7.2 Design Considerations

• Current Driving: Always drive with a constant current or use a series resistor. Never connect directly to a voltage source.
• Thermal Design: For continuous operation at high ambient temperatures or near maximum current, consider PCB copper area for heat sinking.
• Optical Design: The 120° viewing angle is suitable for wide-angle indicators. For more focused light, an external lens may be required.
• ESD Protection: Implement ESD protection measures in the assembly environment and on the PCB if the LED is user-accessible.

8. Technical Comparison and Differentiation

This deep red AlGaInP LED offers specific advantages:

• vs. Standard Red LEDs: The deep red wavelength (639nm dominant) is further into the red spectrum than standard red LEDs (~625nm), which can be beneficial for applications requiring specific spectral response.
• vs. High-Power LEDs: This is a low-power indicator lamp (60mW max). It is not designed for illumination but for status indication and backlighting where lower cost and simpler drive circuitry are priorities.
• Key Features: The combination of a wide 120° viewing angle, relatively low forward voltage (~2.0V), and compliance with modern environmental standards (RoHS, Halogen-Free) makes it suitable for a broad range of consumer electronics.

9. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

9.1 Can I drive this LED at 30mA for more brightness?

No. The Absolute Maximum Rating for continuous forward current is 25 mA. Exceeding this rating will significantly reduce the LED's lifespan and may cause immediate failure due to overheating or overstress.

9.2 What is the difference between Peak Wavelength and Dominant Wavelength?

Peak Wavelength (650nm) is the wavelength at which the emitted optical power is maximum.
Dominant Wavelength (639nm) is the single wavelength that the human eye perceives as matching the color of the light source. It is the photometric equivalent. Designers should reference dominant wavelength for color-critical applications.

9.3 Why is the storage condition (3 months) important?

LED packages can absorb moisture from the atmosphere. If a moisture-laden package is subjected to high-temperature soldering, the rapid vaporization of the moisture can cause internal delamination or cracking ("popcorning"). The 3-month shelf life assumes standard factory dry packing. For longer storage, the recommended dry nitrogen environment is necessary.

9.4 How do I interpret the binning codes (CAT, HUE, REF)?

These codes specify which performance subgroup the LED belongs to. For example, all LEDs with a specific HUE code will have a dominant wavelength within a very narrow range (e.g., 638-640nm). This allows for tighter color and brightness matching in applications using multiple LEDs. Consult the manufacturer's detailed binning document for the exact ranges associated with each code.

10. Practical Design Case Study

10.1 Designing a Panel-Mount Status Indicator

Scenario: A power button on a device needs a bright, wide-angle red indicator. The available system voltage is 3.3V.
Design Steps:

1. Current Selection: Choose a drive current. For good brightness and longevity, 15mA is selected (well below the 25mA max).
2. Resistor Calculation: Using the maximum V_F (2.4V) for a conservative design: R = (3.3V - 2.4V) / 0.015A = 60 Ω. The nearest standard value is 62 Ω.
3. Resistor Power Rating: P = (3.3V - 2.4V) * 0.015A = 0.0135W. A standard 1/8W (0.125W) resistor is more than sufficient.
4. PCB Layout: Place the current-limiting resistor in series with the LED's anode. Ensure the PCB hole spacing matches the LED's lead spacing. Provide a small copper pour connected to the cathode lead for minor heat dissipation.
5. Mechanical Fit: Verify the 5mm lens diameter and the required flange height (<1.5mm) fit within the panel cutout and bezel.

This simple circuit provides a reliable indicator with controlled current and adequate safety margins.