Takardar Bayani na HIR7373C - LED Infrared 5mm 850nm - Girman 5mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 1.45V - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 150mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun diode mai fitar da infrared (IR) mai ƙarfi 5mm. An ƙera na'urar don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fitar da infrared mai dogaro, yana da tsayin raƙuman ruwa na 850 nanometers (nm). An ajiye shi a cikin kunshin filastik mai tsabta na ruwa na T-1 3/4 (5mm) na yau da kullun, wanda ke ba da damar watsa hasken infrared mafi kyau. Abun yana daidaitawa da na'urori na gani na silicon na yau da kullun, photodiodes, da kuma na'urori masu karɓar infrared, yana mai da shi tushe mai kyau don tsarin gani da sadarwa na IR daban-daban.

Babban fa'idodin wannan samfurin sun haɗa da dogaro mai girma, fitarwa mai mahimmanci, da halayen ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki, wanda ke taimakawa wajen aiki mai inganci. An ƙera shi don zama mara gubar (Ba tare da Pb ba) kuma ya bi manyan ƙa'idodin muhalli ciki har da RoHS, EU REACH, da ka'idojin marasa halogen (Br < 900ppm, Cl < 900ppm, Br+Cl < 1500ppm). Kasuwarsa ta farko ta ƙunshi masu ƙira da injiniyoyi waɗanda ke aiki akan tsarin tushen infrared kamar na'urori masu gano kusanci, gano abu, sarrafa nesa, da kuma sarrafa masana'antu.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

An ƙididdige na'urar don ci gaba da halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 100 mA. Don aikin bugun jini, zai iya ɗaukar mafi girman halin yanzu na gaba (I_FP) har zuwa 1.0 A a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayi: faɗin bugun jini ≤ 100μs da cikakken aiki ≤ 1%. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya (V_R) shine 5 V. An ƙayyade kewayon zafin aiki daga -40°C zuwa +85°C, tare da kewayon zafin ajiya daga -40°C zuwa +100°C. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki (P_d) a ko ƙasa da 25°C zafin iska kyauta shine 150 mW. Ƙimar zafin solder shine 260°C na tsawon lokacin da bai wuce dakika 5 ba.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na'urar Gani

Ana auna mahimman sigogi na aiki a zafin yanayi (T_a) na 25°C. Ƙarfin haske (I_e) shine ma'aunin fitarwa na gani na farko. A daidaitaccen gwajin halin yanzu na 20 mA, matsakaicin ƙarfin haske shine 15 mW/sr, tare da mafi ƙarancin ƙimar 7.8 mW/sr dangane da kwandon samfurin. A matsakaicin ci gaba da halin yanzu na 100 mA (a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini), matsakaicin ƙarfin haske yana ƙaruwa zuwa 75 mW/sr.

Matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λ_p) yawanci shine 850 nm, tare da faɗin siffar haske (Δλ) kusan 45 nm a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfi. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) yawanci shine 1.45 V a 20 mA, tare da matsakaicin 1.65 V. A 100 mA (bugun jini), V_Fya kasance daga 1.80 V zuwa 2.40 V. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na baya (I_R) shine 10 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya na 5 V. Kallon kusurwa (2θ_1/2), wanda aka ayyana shi azaman cikakken kusurwa a rabin ƙarfi, yawanci shine digiri 40.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba

Ana rarraba samfurin zuwa rukunoni daban-daban dangane da ƙarfin hasken da aka auna a I_F= 20 mA. Wannan yana ba da damar zaɓi mai daidaito a cikin samarwa. An ayyana rarrabuwar kamar haka:

• Rukunin M:Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske daga 7.8 mW/sr (Ƙananan) zuwa 12.5 mW/sr (Mafi girma).
• Rukunin N:Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske daga 11.0 mW/sr (Ƙananan) zuwa 17.6 mW/sr (Mafi girma).
• Rukunin P:Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske daga 15.0 mW/sr (Ƙananan) zuwa 24.0 mW/sr (Mafi girma).
• Rukunin Q:Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske daga 21.0 mW/sr (Ƙananan) zuwa 34.0 mW/sr (Mafi girma).

Wannan tsarin rarrabuwar yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar kayan aikin da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun fitarwa don aikace-aikacensu, yana tabbatar da aikin tsarin.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayani tana ba da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙira.

4.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Yanayin Yanayi

Wannan lanƙwasa rage ƙimar yana nuna matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka yarda da shi azaman aikin zafin yanayi. Yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru, matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka yarda da shi yana raguwa a layi daya don hana yin zafi da kuma tabbatar da dogon lokacin dogaro. Dole ne masu ƙira su koma wannan lanƙwasa don zaɓar halayen aiki masu dacewa don yanayin muhallin da ake tsammani.

4.2 Rarraba Siffar Haske

Jadawalin rarraba siffar haske yana nuna matsakaicin ƙarfin haske dangane da tsayin raƙuman ruwa. Yana tabbatar da kololuwa a 850 nm da kusan 45 nm faɗin bandeji. Wannan lanƙwasa yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da dacewa tare da hankalin siffar haske na mai karɓa da aka yi niyya (misali, phototransistor tare da kololuwar hankali a kusa da 850-950 nm).

4.3 Ƙarfin Haske vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba

Wannan jadawalin yana kwatanta alaƙa tsakanin halin yanzu na tuƙi da fitarwa na gani. Ƙarfin haske yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfi tare da halin yanzu. Yana taimaka wa masu ƙira su fahimci ciniki tsakanin halin yanzu na tuƙi, ƙarfin gani, da ingancin na'urar.

4.4 Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haske vs. Matsakaicin Karkacewa

Wannan zanen polar yana nuna tsarin fitarwa na LED. Ƙarfin yana da mafi girma tare da axis na tsakiya (0°) kuma yana raguwa yayin da kusurwa ta ƙaru, yana ayyana kusurwar kallo na digiri 40. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar gani, kamar zaɓin ruwan tabarau da daidaitawa a cikin aikace-aikacen gani.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

Na'urar tana amfani da daidaitaccen kunshin radial mai jagora 5mm. Zanen girman kunshin yana ƙayyade ma'aunin jiki, gami da diamita na ruwan tabarau na epoxy (yawanci 5.0mm), tazarar jagora (2.54mm ko inci 0.1, daidaitaccen abubuwan da ke cikin rami), da tsayin gaba ɗaya. Zanen ya haɗa da ƙimar ƙima, yawanci ±0.25mm don mahimman ma'auni. An gano anode (tabbatacce) jagora a matsayin jagora mafi tsayi. Kayan ruwan tabarau mai tsabta an inganta shi don watsa infrared tare da ƙarancin sha.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Siffar Jagora

Idan jagororin suna buƙatar lanƙwasa, dole ne a yi shi a wani wuri aƙalla 3mm daga gindin kwalliyar epoxy. Dole ne a koyaushe a yi siffar kafin solder kuma a zafin daki don guje wa damuwa ga kunshin ko lalata mutuwar ciki da haɗin waya. Ramin PCB dole ne ya daidaita daidai da jagororin LED don hana damuwa na hawa.

6.2 Ajiya

Ya kamata a adana abubuwan a cikin yanayi mai sarrafawa a 30°C ko ƙasa da haka da kuma 70% zafi na dangi ko ƙasa da haka. Rayuwar ajiya da aka ba da shawarar bayan jigilar kaya shine watanni 3. Don ajiya mai tsayi (har zuwa shekara guda), ya kamata a adana su a cikin akwati mai rufaffiyar yanayi tare da yanayin nitrogen da desiccant. Ya kamata a guji saurin canjin zafin jiki a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano don hana hazo.

6.3 Tsarin Solder

Dole ne a yi solder da kulawa don hana lalacewar zafi. Haɗin solder ya kamata ya kasance aƙalla 3mm nesa da kwalliyar epoxy.

• Solder na Hannu:Matsakaicin zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe na 300°C (don ƙarfe 30W mafi girma), tare da lokacin solder bai wuce dakika 3 kowace jagora ba.
• Solder na Wave/Dip:Matsakaicin zafin jiki na farko na 100°C har zuwa dakika 60. Zafin wanka na solder bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba, tare da na'urar da aka nutsar da ita na matsakaicin dakika 5.

An ba da shawarar yanayin zafin solder, yana mai da hankali kan haɓaka mai sarrafawa, zama kololuwar zafin jiki, da sanyaya mai sarrafawa. Ba a ba da shawarar sanyaya cikin sauri ba. Dip ko solder na hannu bai kamata a yi fiye da sau ɗaya ba. Bayan solder, ya kamata a kare LED daga girgiza na injiniya har sai ya dawo zafin daki.

6.4 Tsaftacewa

Idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole, yi amfani da barasa na isopropyl a zafin daki ba fiye da minti ɗaya ba, sannan a bushe da iska. Gabaɗaya ba a ba da shawarar tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic saboda haɗarin lalata tsarin ciki. Idan da gaske ake buƙata, dole ne a tantance tsarin a hankali a baya.

6.5 Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake wannan na'urar ce mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki, dole ne a yi la'akari da sarrafa zafi a cikin ƙirar aikace-aikace, musamman lokacin aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙima. Ya kamata a rage ƙimar halin yanzu bisa ga lanƙwasa Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Yanayin Yanayi don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa a cikin iyakoki masu aminci da kuma tabbatar da dogon lokacin dogaro.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

Daidaitaccen ƙayyadaddun kunshin shine kamar haka: Ana kunna guda 500 a cikin jakar anti-static ɗaya. Ana sanya biyar daga cikin waɗannan jakunkuna a cikin akwati na ciki ɗaya. Sannan ana kunna akwatunan ciki goma a cikin babban akwati (waje), wanda ya haifar da jimillar guda 25,000 a kowace babban akwati.

Lambar da ke kan kunshin ya ƙunshi lambobi da yawa: Lambar Samfur na Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Samfur na Masana'anta (P/N), Yawan Kunshin (QTY), Matsayi na Ƙarfin Haske (CAT), Matsayi na Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa (HUE), Matsayi na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (REF), Lambar Lot (LOT No.), da lambar kwanan wata (Watan X).

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED infrared ya dace da aikace-aikace iri-iri ciki har da, amma ba'a iyakance ga: Masu watsa sarrafa nesa na infrared, na'urori masu gano kusanci da abu, maɓallan gani na masana'antu da masu ɓoyewa, tsarin hasken gani na dare, hanyoyin haɗin watsa bayanai na gani, da kuma mu'amalar mai amfani mara taɓawa.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ake Yi la'akari da su a Ƙira

• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu lokacin tuƙi LED daga tushen ƙarfin lantarki. Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F.
• Daidaitawar Mai Karɓa:Tabbatar cewa zaɓaɓɓen na'urar gani (phototransistor, photodiode, ko IC mai karɓar IR) yana da kololuwar hankali a kusa da 850 nm don mafi kyawun aiki.
• Hanyar Gani:Yi la'akari da kusurwar kallo da yuwuwar buƙatar ruwan tabarau ko buɗe ido don daidaita ko mayar da hankali ga hasken IR don aikace-aikacen mai tsayi ko kai tsaye.
• Ƙarar Lantarki:A cikin aikace-aikacen gani, daidaita siginar IR (misali, tare da takamaiman mitar) da gano aiki tare a mai karɓa na iya inganta juriya ga tsangwamar hasken yanayi sosai.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambanci

Idan aka kwatanta da LED na infrared na gabaɗaya, wannan na'urar tana ba da haɗin kai mai kyau na ƙarfin haske mai girma (har zuwa 75 mW/sr typ. a 100mA bugun jini) da ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (1.45V typ. a 20mA). Tsayin raƙuman ruwa na 850nm shine daidaitaccen ma'auni, yana tabbatar da dacewa mai yawa tare da masu karɓa na tushen silicon. Biyansa ga ƙa'idodin muhalli masu tsauri (RoHS, REACH, Marasa Halogen) ya sa ya dace da na'urorin lantarki na zamani waɗanda ke buƙatar takaddun shaida na kore. Kunshin mai tsabta yana ba da fitarwa mai daidaito, mara tacewa idan aka kwatanta da kunshin da aka yi launi waɗanda zasu iya rage siginar.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQs)

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin ƙarfin haske (mW/sr) da ƙarfin haske (mcd)?

A: Ƙarfin haske yana auna ƙarfin gani (a cikin milliwatts) da aka fitar a kowace kusurwa mai ƙarfi (steradian), wanda ya dace da duk tsayin raƙuman ruwa. Ƙarfin haske yana auna ta hanyar hankalin idon ɗan adam (lanƙwasa photopic) kuma ana auna shi a cikin candelas; bai dace da tushen infrared kamar wannan LED 850nm ba.

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙi wannan LED tare da halin yanzu na 100 mA akai-akai?

A: Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici ya ƙayyade 100 mA a matsayin mafi girmaci gabahalin yanzu na gaba. Duk da haka, don aiki mai dogaro na dogon lokaci, yana da kyau a yi aiki ƙasa da wannan matsakaicin, musamman a manyan yanayin yanayi, ta hanyar komawa ga lanƙwasa rage ƙima.

Q: Me yasa aka ƙayyade kusurwar kallo a matsayin digiri 40?

A> Kusurwar digiri 40 (2θ_1/2) shine cikakken faɗi a wuraren da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwa akan axis na tsakiya. Yana bayyana yadda hasken LED ke bazuwa.

Q: Shin ana buƙatar diode kariya ta ESD don wannan LED?

A> Duk da cewa takardar bayani ba ta ƙayyade babban ƙimar ESD ba, gabaɗaya kyakkyawan al'ada ne a sarrafa duk na'urorin semiconductor, ciki har da LEDs, tare da matakan kariya na ESD. Haɗa resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu a jere kuma yana ba da wasu kariya ta asali.

11. Misalai na Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

Misali 1: Mai Gano Kusanci Saurin.Haɗa LED tare da phototransistor da aka sanya a ɗan nesa. Wani abu da ke wucewa tsakanin su yana katse hasken, wanda aka gano a matsayin raguwar halin yanzu na phototransistor. Yin amfani da siginar LED da aka daidaita (misali, murabba'in murabba'i na 38 kHz) da mai karɓa da aka kunna na iya ƙin hasken yanayi.

Misali 2: Mai haskaka IR don Kamara na Gani na Dare.Jerin waɗannan LEDs, waɗanda ake tuƙa su a yanayin bugun jini a ko kusa da halin yanzu na kololuwar 1A (tare da cikakken aiki mai dacewa), na iya ba da haske mai mahimmanci mara ganuwa don kyamarori masu hankali ga hasken 850nm, yana faɗaɗa kewayon tasirinsu a cikin yanayi mara haske.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Diode mai fitar da hasken Infrared (IR LED) shine diode na haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons daga yankin n da ramuka daga yankin p ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su (Gallium Aluminum Arsenide - GaAlAs a wannan yanayin) yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap don haka tsayin raƙuman hasken da aka fitar, wanda ke cikin bakan infrared (850nm) don wannan na'urar. Kunshin epoxy mai tsabta na ruwa yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau, yana siffata hasken fitarwa.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Trend a cikin fasahar mai fitar da infrared yana ci gaba zuwa ga inganci mafi girma (ƙarin fitarwa mai haske a kowace wutar lantarki ta wutar lantarki), ƙara ƙarfin wutar lantarki don aikace-aikacen mai tsayi, da haɓaka kunshin na'urar hawa saman (SMD) don haɗawa ta atomatik da ƙananan siffofi. Har ila yau, akwai ci gaba a cikin tushen IR mai yawan raƙuman ruwa da faɗi don aikace-aikacen gani na ci gaba kamar spectroscopy da gano iskar gas. Haɗa da'irar tuƙi na LED da fasalulluka na kariya a kan abin da kansa wani yanki ne na ci gaba.