Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayyani Game da Samfur
- 1.1 Muhimman Siffofi da Bayanin Na'ura
- 2. Zurfin Binciken Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha
- 2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar
- 2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani
- 3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)
- 4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki
- 5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin
- 5.1 Girman Kunshin
- 5.2 Zanen Da'ira na Ciki da Haɗin Fil
- 6. Jagororin Solder, Taro, da Ma'ajiyawa
- 6.1 Gargaɗin Solder da Aikace-aikace
- 6.2 Yanayin Ma'ajiyawa
- 7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira
- 7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada
- 7.2 Abubuwan Ƙira
- Dole ne ya iya samar da matsakaicin ƙarfin yanzu lokacin da aka haskaka sassan da yawa a lokaci guda yayin haɗawa da yawa.
- Amfani da ko dai guntu GaP ko AlInGaP yana ba masana'anta damar inganta don aiki ko farashi, yana iya ba da fa'idodi a cikin inganci ko tsaftar launi idan aka kwatanta da nunin da ke amfani da fasaha ɗaya kawai.
- A: Ƙimar tana nuna ikon na'urar don jure haɗin baya na bazata ko ƙarfin wutar lantarki na ɗan lokaci ba tare da gazawa nan take ba. Ya kamata da'irar ta haɗa da kariya (kamar diode a layi daya) don danna kowane ƙarfin baya ƙasa da 5V.
1. Bayyani Game da Samfur
LTD-6410G na'urar nuni ce mai lamba biyu, bakwai-sashe, wacce ke amfani da diodes masu haskakawa (LED) kore. Babban aikinta shine gabatar da bayanan lambobi da ƙayyadaddun haruffa a cikin na'urorin lantarki. Babban fa'idar wannan nuni yana cikin tsarinsa mai ƙarfi, yana ba da babban aminci, dogon rayuwar aiki, da kyawawan halayen gani.
Ana rarraba na'urar a matsayin tsarin anode gama gari, ma'ana an haɗa anodes na LED na kowane lamba a ciki. Wannan yana sauƙaƙa da'irori masu turawa da yawa. Nuni yana da fuskar launin toka tare da masu watsa sashe fari, wanda ke haɓaka bambanci da inganta karantawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban. Kasuwar da aka yi niyya ta haɗa da kewayon kayan lantarki na mabukaci da masana'antu waɗanda ke buƙatar bayanan lambobi masu haske, amintattu, kamar kayan gwaji, kayan aikin ma'auni, tsarin siyarwa, da kuma allunan sarrafa kayan aiki.
1.1 Muhimman Siffofi da Bayanin Na'ura
LTD-6410G ya ƙunshi siffofi na ƙira da yawa waɗanda aka yi niyya don aiki da amfani:
- Tsayin Lamba:0.56 inches (14.22 mm), yana ba da girman harafi mai haske da karantawa.
- Daidaituwar Sashe:Sassan da suka ci gaba, masu daidaito suna tabbatar da kamanni iri ɗaya a ko'ina cikin yankin nuni.
- Ingantaccen Wutar Lantarki:Ƙarancin buƙatun wutar lantarki a kowane sashe, ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ake amfani da baturi ko masu kula da makamashi.
- Aikin Gani:Babban fitarwa mai haske tare da babban bambanci tsakanin sassan da aka haskaka da bangon launin toka yana tabbatar da kyakkyawan kamannin harafi.
- Kusurwar Dubawa:Faɗin kusurwar dubawa yana ba da damar karanta nuni daga matsayi daban-daban.
- Amincewa:Amincewar tsarin ƙarfi ba tare da sassa masu motsi ko filaments da za su lalace ba.
- Rarraba (Binning):An rarraba ƙarfin haske (binning), yana ba da damar zaɓar nunin da suka dace da matakan haske a aikace-aikacen na'ura da yawa.
- Daidaitawar Muhalli:Kunshin ba shi da gubar, an kera shi daidai da umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hadari).
Na'urar tana amfani da guntu LED kore. Takardun bayanan suna ƙayyade fasahohin guntu guda biyu masu yuwuwa: GaP (Gallium Phosphide) epitaxy akan substrate na GaP, ko AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) akan substrate na GaAs (Gallium Arsenide) mara bayyani. Duk fasahohin biyu suna iya samar da fitarwar kore da aka ƙayyade.
2. Zurfin Binciken Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha
2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar
Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewar dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a waje da waɗannan iyakokin ba.
- Ragewar Wutar Lantarki a kowane Sashe (Pd):70 mW matsakaici. Wuce wannan zai iya haifar da zafi sosai.
- Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Gaba a kowane Sashe (IFP):60 mA, ana yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin haɗin gwiwa, faɗin bugun jini 0.1 ms). Wannan yana da amfani don haɗawa da yawa ko samun mafi girman haske na nan take.
- Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba a kowane Sashe (IF):25 mA matsakaici a 25°C. Wannan ƙimar tana raguwa a layi daya a 0.33 mA/°C yayin da yanayin zafi (Ta) ya karu sama da 25°C. Misali, a 50°C, matsakaicin ƙarfin ci gaba zai kasance kusan 25 mA - (0.33 mA/°C * 25°C) = 16.75 mA.
- Ƙarfin Baya a kowane Sashe (VR):5 V matsakaici. Yin amfani da mafi girman ƙarfin baya zai iya haifar da rushewa.
- Yanayin Aiki & Ma'ajiyawa:-35°C zuwa +85°C.
- Zafin Solder:Na'urar na iya jure matsakaicin zafin solder na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, wanda aka auna 1.6mm ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na kunshin.
2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani
Waɗannan sune mahimman sigogin aiki da aka auna a yanayin zafi (Ta) na 25°C.
- Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (IV):870 µcd (matsakaici), 2400 µcd (na al'ada) lokacin da aka turawa a ƙarfin gaba (IF) na 10 mA. An rarraba wannan siga.
- Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Fitowa (λp):565 nm (na al'ada) a IF=20mA. Wannan shine tsawon zango inda fitarwar bakan ta fi ƙarfi.
- Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):30 nm (na al'ada) a IF=20mA. Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan ko faɗin bandejin hasken da aka fitar.
- Mafi Girman Tsawon Tsawon (λd):569 nm (na al'ada) a IF=20mA. Wannan shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane wanda ya dace da launin hasken.
- Ƙarfin Gaba a kowane Sashe (VF):2.1 V (matsakaici), 2.6 V (na al'ada) a IF=20mA. Dole ne ƙirar da'ira ta yi la'akari da wannan kewayon don tabbatar da daidaitaccen ƙa'idar ƙarfin.
- Ƙarfin Baya a kowane Sashe (IR):100 µA (matsakaici) lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin baya (VR) na 5V. Takardun bayanan sun bayyana a sarari cewa wannan yanayin ƙarfin baya na dalilin gwaji ne kawai kuma bai kamata a ci gaba da aiki da na'urar a ƙarƙashin baya mai ban sha'awa ba.
- Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken (IV-m):2:1 (na al'ada). Wannan yana ƙayyade matsakaicin rabo da aka yarda tsakanin mafi haske da mafi duhu sashe a cikin na'ura guda ɗaya, yana tabbatar da daidaito.
Bayanan Aunawa:Ana auna ƙarfin haske ta amfani da haɗin firikwensin da tacewa wanda ya kusanci lanƙwasa amsawar ido na CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Eclaiage), yana tabbatar da cewa ma'aunin yana da alaƙa da hasken ɗan adam.
3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)
LTD-6410G yana amfani da tsarin rarraba (binning) da farko donƘarfin Hasken. Ana gwada nunin kuma a raba su zuwa kwandon daban-daban dangane da fitarwar hasken da aka auna a daidaitaccen gwajin gwaji (10mA). Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar nunin tare da matakan haske masu kama da juna lokacin amfani da na'urori da yawa a cikin taro guda, yana hana bambance-bambancen haske daga lamba ɗaya zuwa na gaba. Takardun bayanan suna ƙayyade kewayon ƙarfi na al'ada daga 870 µcd zuwa 2400 µcd, yana nuna yaduwa a cikin kwandon da ake samu. Don mahimman aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton gani, ana ba da shawarar ƙayyade nunin daga kwandon ƙarfi ɗaya.
4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki
Takardun bayanan suna nuni zuwa lanƙwasa halaye na lantarki/na gani na al'ada. Duk da yake ba a ba da takamaiman zane-zane a cikin ɓangaren rubutun ba, daidaitattun lanƙwasa don irin waɗannan na'urori yawanci sun haɗa da:
- Ƙarfin Gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V):Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni. Lanƙwasa zai nuna na al'ada VFna ~2.6V a 20mA da kuma yadda yake bambanta da zafin jiki.
- Ƙarfin Hasken da Ƙarfin Gaba:Yana nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana daidai da ƙarfin gaba, har zuwa matsakaicin ƙimar. Yana nuna ma'anar raguwar dawowa ko jikewa.
- Ƙarfin Hasken da Yanayin Yanayi:Yana nuna yadda fitarwar haske ke raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin LED ya karu. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙira a cikin yanayi mai zafi.
- Rarraba Bakan:Zane na ƙarfin dangi da tsawon zango, yana nuna kololuwa a ~565nm da rabin faɗin ~30nm, yana ayyana halayen launin kore.
Waɗannan lanƙwasa suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba na daidaito ba da kuma don inganta da'irar turawa don inganci da tsawon rai.
5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin
5.1 Girman Kunshin
Nuni yana da daidaitaccen sawun lamba biyu bakwai-sashe. Duk mahimman girma don shimfidar PCB (Allon Da'ira da aka Buga) da haɗin injiniya an ba da su a cikin cikakken zane a shafi na 3 na takardun bayanan. Muhimman bayanan sun haɗa da cewa duk girma suna cikin milimita, tare da daidaitattun ƙima na ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade. Dole ne masu ƙira su koma ga wannan zane don daidaitaccen tazarar fil, tsawon kunshin gabaɗaya, faɗi, tsayi, da tazarar tsakiya-zuwa-tsakiya na lamba.
5.2 Zanen Da'ira na Ciki da Haɗin Fil
Zanen da'ira na ciki yana nuna tsarin anode gama gari. Kowane lamba biyu yana da nasa fil na anode gama gari (fil 14 don Lamba 1, fil 13 don Lamba 2). Cathodes na kowane sashe (A zuwa G, tare da Decimal Point DP) an haɗa su zuwa fil ɗaya, tare da wasu raba tsakanin lambobi don sassan da ke cikin matsayi na zahiri iri ɗaya (misali, fil 1 shine cathode E don Lamba 1, fil 5 shine cathode E don Lamba 2).
Teburin haɗin fil yana ba da cikakken taswira na hanyar haɗin DIP mai fil 18 (Kunshin Layi Biyu):
- Fil 1-4, 15-18: Sarrafa sassan da maki goma sha biyu don Lamba 1.
- Fil 5-13: Sarrafa sassan, maki goma sha biyu, da anode gama gari don Lamba 2.
- Fil 14: Anode gama gari don Lamba 1.
Wannan filout yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar shimfidar PCB da rubuta firmware na microcontroller don turawa nuni daidai, yawanci ta amfani da dabarar haɗawa da yawa inda ake sauya anodes a jere.
6. Jagororin Solder, Taro, da Ma'ajiyawa
6.1 Gargaɗin Solder da Aikace-aikace
Takardun bayanan suna ba da cikakkun bayanan aikace-aikace don tabbatar da aiki mai aminci:
- Ƙirar Da'irar Turawa:Ana ba da shawarar turawa mai ƙarfi akai-akai fiye da ƙarfin wutar lantarki don tabbatar da daidaitaccen ƙarfin haske ba tare da la'akari da bambance-bambancen VFba. Dole ne a ƙera da'irar don ɗaukar cikakken kewayon VF(2.1V-2.6V).
- Kariya:Ya kamata da'irar turawa ta haɗa da kariya daga ƙarfin baya da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na ɗan lokaci yayin jerin kunna/kashe wutar lantarki, saboda waɗannan na iya lalata LED.
- Gudanar da Zafi:Dole ne a rage ƙarfin aiki dangane da matsakaicin yanayin zafi don hana yawan zafin haɗin, wanda ke haifar da raguwar haske cikin sauri (ragewar lumen) kuma zai iya haifar da gazawa da wuri.
- Sarrafa Injiniya:Kauce wa amfani da ƙarfi mara kyau ga jikin nuni yayin taro. Kada a bar fim ɗin gaba ya yi hulɗa kai tsaye, matsewa tare da allon gaba/murfi, saboda ƙarfin waje zai iya motsa fim ɗin.
- Muhalli:Kauce wa sauye-sauyen zafi cikin sauri a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano don hana hazo akan nuni.
6.2 Yanayin Ma'ajiyawa
Ma'ajiyar da ta dace tana da mahimmanci don hana oxidization na igiyoyin da aka lulluɓe da tin:
- Don Nunin LED (Ramin Cikin):Ajiye a cikin kunshin asali a 5°C zuwa 30°C tare da ɗanɗano ƙasa da 60% RH. Ba a ƙarfafa ajiyar dogon lokaci na manyan kayan aiki ba.
- Don Nunin LED na SMD (Bayanin Gabaɗaya):Idan a cikin jakar shinge na ɗanɗano da aka rufe da masana'anta, ajiye a 5°C-30°C, <60% RH. Da zarar an buɗe, ya kamata a yi amfani da na'urorin cikin sa'o'i 168 (mako ɗaya) idan an ajiye su a ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya, wanda ya dace da Matakin Hankali na ɗanɗano (MSL) na 3.
Rashin kiyaye waɗannan sharuɗɗan na iya buƙatar sake lulluɓe fil ɗin da aka oxidize kafin amfani da su a cikin samarwa.
7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira
7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada
LTD-6410G ya dace da kowane aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar bayanan lambobi biyu masu haske, amintattu. Wannan ya haɗa da:
- Mita na dijital, oscilloscopes, da wutar lantarki.
- Masu sarrafa tsarin masana'antu da na'urorin ƙidayar lokaci.
- Nunin kayan aikin motsa jiki.
- Allunan sarrafa kayan aiki (tandu, microwave).
- Kayan aikin tallace-tallace kamar ma'auni ko na'urorin kuɗi.
Takardun bayanan sun ƙayyade cewa don "na'urorin lantarki na yau da kullun" kuma ana buƙatar tuntuba don aikace-aikacen masu mahimmanci na aminci (jirgin sama, likita, sufuri).
7.2 Abubuwan Ƙira
- Masu Tsayayya na Ƙarfin Yanzu:Mahimmanci ga kowane sashe ko anode gama gari lokacin amfani da tushen wutar lantarki. Yi lissafi dangane da ƙarfin wutar lantarki, LED VF, da kuma IF.
- da ake so.Tukin Haɗawa da Yawa:
- Ana amfani da microcontroller tare da isassun fil ɗin I/O ko takamaiman tukin nuni IC (kamar MAX7219) don samar da wutar lantarki a jere ga anode gama gari na kowane lamba yayin kunna cathodes na sashe masu dacewa. Wannan yana rage adadin layukan sarrafa da ake buƙata daga 15 (7 sasshe + DP a kowane lamba, da anodes 2) zuwa 9 kawai (7 sasshe + DP + layukan zaɓin lamba 2).Ƙimar Sabuntawa:
- Dole ne mitar haɗawa da yawa ta yi girma sosai (>60 Hz) don guje wa kyan gani.Tushen Wutar Lantarki:
Dole ne ya iya samar da matsakaicin ƙarfin yanzu lokacin da aka haskaka sassan da yawa a lokaci guda yayin haɗawa da yawa.
8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
- Duk da yake ba a kwatanta shi da wasu samfura a sarari ba, mahimman abubuwan da suka bambanta na LTD-6410G a cikin rukuninsa sune:Launi da Bambanci:
- Haɗin takamaiman na LED kore tare da fuskar toka/sassan fari yana ba da kyakkyawan ƙira da babban rabon bambanci idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun nunin ja-kan-baƙi ko kore-kan-baƙi.Rarraba (Binning) don Ƙarfi:
- Samar da ƙarfin haske da aka rarraba wani fasali ne da aka yi niyya don aikace-aikacen mafi girma inda daidaiton nuni ya fi mahimmanci, yana bambanta shi da madadin marasa rarraba, masu rahusa.Guntu Fasaha Biyu:
Amfani da ko dai guntu GaP ko AlInGaP yana ba masana'anta damar inganta don aiki ko farashi, yana iya ba da fa'idodi a cikin inganci ko tsaftar launi idan aka kwatanta da nunin da ke amfani da fasaha ɗaya kawai.
9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogin Fasaha)
Q: Shin zan iya turawa wannan nuni da fil ɗin microcontroller 5V kai tsaye?
A: A'a. Matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba na al'ada shine 2.6V, amma koyaushe ana buƙatar mai tsayayya na yanzu don saita daidaitaccen ƙarfin gaba (misali, 10-20mA). Haɗawa kai tsaye zuwa 5V zai haifar da ƙarfin yanzu mai yawa kuma ya lalata sashen LED.
Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsawon zango kololuwa (565nm) da tsawon zango mafi girma (569nm)?
A: Tsawon zango kololuwa shine mafi girman matsayi a kan lanƙwasa fitarwar bakan. Tsawon zango mafi girma ƙima ce da aka lissafta wacce ke wakiltar launin da aka gane. Don LED kore mai launi ɗaya, sau da yawa suna kusa, kamar yadda aka gani a nan.FQ: Matsakaicin ƙarfin ci gaba shine 25mA, amma yanayin gwaji don V
yana amfani da 20mA. Wanne ya kamata in yi amfani da shi?
A: 20mA shine daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na gama gari. Kuna iya ƙirar da'irar ku don kowane ƙarfin gaba tsakanin mafi ƙarancin da ake buƙata don isasshen haske da matsakaicin ƙimar 25mA (wanda aka rage don zafin jiki). 10-20mA shine kewayon aiki na al'ada.
Q: Me yasa ƙimar ƙarfin baya ke da mahimmanci idan bai kamata in yi amfani da shi ba?
A: Ƙimar tana nuna ikon na'urar don jure haɗin baya na bazata ko ƙarfin wutar lantarki na ɗan lokaci ba tare da gazawa nan take ba. Ya kamata da'irar ta haɗa da kariya (kamar diode a layi daya) don danna kowane ƙarfin baya ƙasa da 5V.
10. Ƙirar Aiki da Amfani na Aiki
Hali: Ƙirar Ƙididdiga Mai Sauƙi na Lamba Biyu.FMai ƙira yana buƙatar nuni don ƙididdiga na taron. Sun zaɓi LTD-6410G saboda haskensa da launin kore. Suna amfani da microcontroller tare da fil ɗin I/O 10. Fil takwas an saita su azaman fitarwa don turawa cathodes na sashe (A-G, DP) ta hanyar masu tsayayya na yanzu 150Ω (wanda aka lissafta don samar da wutar lantarki 5V, ~2.6V VF, da ~16mA I
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |