HSDL-4251 IR Emitter Datasheet - Tsawon Ra'ayin 870nm - Halin Gaba na 100mA - Rage Wutar Lantarki na 190mW - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

HSDL-4251 wani ɓangare ne na infrared emitter wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikace masu sauri. Yana amfani da fasahar LED ta AlGaAs (Aluminum Gallium Arsenide) don samar da hasken infrared a tsayin ra'ayi na 870 nanometers (nm). Wannan na'urar tana da halayen saurin sauyawa, tare da lokacin tashi da faɗuwa na yau da kullun na 40 nanoseconds (ns), wanda ya sa ya dace da tsarin watsa bayanai da sadarwa. Kunshin yana da tsabta da bayyane, yana ba da damar fitar da haske mai inganci. Samfurin ne mara gubar wanda ya dace da umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hatsari).

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa

Babban fa'idodin HSDL-4251 sun haɗa da aikin sauri mai inganci, ginin AlGaAs mai dogaro, da ƙirar kunshin bayyananne. Siffofinsa na asali suna sanya shi don amfani a kasuwannin da ke buƙatar siginar infrared daidai da sauri. Aikace-aikacen manufa sun bambanta, suna rufe duka na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci da na masana'antu inda aikin infrared ke da mahimmanci.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da fassarar cikakke, mai ma'ana na mahimman ma'auni na lantarki, na gani, da na zafi da aka ƙayyade don HSDL-4251 infrared emitter.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga

Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga yana ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ana ƙayyade waɗannan ƙididdiga a yanayin zafin muhalli (TA) na 25°C.

• Ci gaba da Halin Gaba (IFDC):100 mA matsakaici. Wannan shine mafi girman halin DC wanda za'a iya ci gaba da amfani da shi.
• Halin Gaba na Kololuwa (IFPK):500 mA matsakaici. Wannan mafi girman halin yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin aiki na 20% da faɗin bugun jini na 100 microseconds (µs).
• Rage Wutar Lantarki (PDISS):190 mW matsakaici. Wannan shine jimillar wutar lantarki da na'urar za ta iya tarwatsa, wanda aka lissafta kamar ƙarfin gaba da aka ninka ta hanyar halin gaba, tare da kowane ƙarin asara.
• Ƙarfin Juyawa (VR):5 V matsakaici. Yin amfani da ƙarfin juyawa mafi girma fiye da wannan na iya rushe haɗin LED.
• Yanayin Aiki (TO):-40°C zuwa +85°C. An tabbatar da cewa na'urar tana aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zafin muhalli.
• Yanayin Ajiya (TS):-40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Yanayin Haɗin gwiwa (TJ):110°C matsakaici. Zafin jikin semiconductor da kansa bai kamata ya wuce wannan iyaka ba.
• Zafin Solder na Jagora:260°C na dakika 5, wanda aka auna 1.6mm daga jikin kunshin.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani sune ma'auni na yau da kullun ko tabbataccen aikin da aka auna a TA=25°C a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji.

• Ƙarfin Radiant On-Axis (IE):56 zuwa 168 mW/sr, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 100 mW/sr lokacin da aka tuƙa shi a IF=100mA. Wannan yana auna ƙarfin hasken da aka fitar a kowace raka'a mai ƙarfi tare da tsakiyar axis na katako.
• Tsawon Ra'ayin Fitowa na Kololuwa (λPeak):870 nm yau da kullun lokacin IF=50mA. Wannan shine tsayin ra'ayi inda mafi girman ƙarfin hasken da aka fitar yake.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):45 nm yau da kullun. Wannan yana nuna faɗin bakan, musamman faɗin bakan fitowa a rabin mafi girman ƙarfinsa.
• Ƙarfin Gaba (Vf):Ya bambanta daga 1.4V zuwa 1.9V dangane da halin gaba. A IF=20mA, Vf yana 1.4V zuwa 1.6V. A IF=100mA, Vf yana 1.5V zuwa 1.9V.
• Coefficient na Zafin Ƙarfin Gaba (△V/△T):-1.44 mV/°C yau da kullun. Ƙarfin gaba yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya karu.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ1/2):Digiri 30 yau da kullun. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar axis.
• Coefficient na Zafin Ƙarfin Radiant (△IE/△T):-0.43 %/°C yau da kullun. Ƙarfin fitarwa na gani yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya karu.
• Coefficient na Zafin Tsawon Ra'ayi na Kololuwa (△λ/△T):+0.22 nm/°C yau da kullun. Tsayin ra'ayin fitowa na kololuwa yana ƙaruwa kaɗan tare da zafin jiki.
• Lokacin Tashi/Faduwar Gani (Tr/Tf):40 ns yau da kullun. An auna daga 10% zuwa 90% na fitarwar gani a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (IFDC=500mA, Aiki=20%, Faɗin Bugun=125ns).
• Juriya na Jerin (RS):2.5 Ohms yau da kullun. Juriya ta asali na guntu LED da igiyoyin haɗin gwiwa.
• Ƙarfin Diode (CO):75 pF yau da kullun. An auna shi a 0V juyawar baya da mitar 1 MHz.
• Juriya na Thermal (RθJA):300 °C/W yau da kullun. Wannan shine juriya na zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa muhalli, yana nuna yadda ake canja wurin zafi daga haɗin gwiwar semiconductor zuwa muhallin da ke kewaye da shi.

3. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardun bayanan yana nuni zuwa lanƙwasan halaye na yau da kullun waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙira. Duk da yake ba a sake yin takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutu ba, ana nazarin abubuwan da suka haifar a ƙasa.

3.1 Halin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Lanƙwasa I-V don infrared emitter kamar HSDL-4251 ba ta da layi, kama da diode na yau da kullun. Ƙarfin gaba yana nuna alaƙar logarithmic tare da halin a ƙananan matakan kuma ya zama mafi layi a manyan halaye saboda juriya na jerin (RS). Masu ƙira suna amfani da wannan lanƙwasa don zaɓar masu juriya masu dacewa don tabbatar da aiki mai ƙarfi da hana guduwar zafi.

3.2 Ƙarfin Radiant vs. Halin Gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna cewa fitarwar gani (ƙarfin haske) yana da kusan daidai da halin gaba a cikin kewayon aiki na yau da kullun. Duk da haka, a manyan halaye masu yawa, inganci na iya raguwa saboda ƙaruwar samar da zafi. Zanen rage darajar da aka ambata a sashin Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga yana da mahimmanci don tantance matsakaicin halin da aka yarda a manyan yanayin zafin muhalli don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa ƙasa da 110°C.

3.3 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Ƙayyadaddun ƙididdiga na zafin jiki (don Vf, IE, da λPeak) suna ba masu ƙira damar yin hasashe da rama canje-canjen aiki a cikin kewayon zafin aiki. Misali, raguwar ƙarfin haske tare da zafin jiki dole ne a yi la'akari da shi a cikin tsarin da aka tsara don yin aiki a cikin yanayi mai zafi.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

4.1 Girman Bayani da Tolerances

Na'urar ita ce kunshin LED na rami ta hanyar al'ada. Muhimman bayanan girma daga takardun bayanan sun haɗa da:

• Duk girma suna cikin millimeters (tare da inci a cikin maƙallan).
• Tolerance na al'ada na ±0.25mm (±0.010") ya shafi sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba.
• Matsakaicin tsinkaya na resin a ƙarƙashin flange shine 1.5mm (0.059").
• Ana auna tazarar jagora a wurin da jagororin suka fita daga jikin kunshin.

Dole ne masu ƙira su koma zuwa cikakken zanen injiniya a cikin takardun bayanan asali don daidaitaccen sanyawa da ƙirar sawun ƙafa akan PCB.

4.2 Ganewar Polarity

Don LEDs na rami ta hanyar al'ada, anode (tabbatacce) jagora yawanci ya fi tsayi fiye da cathode (maras kyau) jagora. Hakanan ana iya gano cathode ta wurin tabo a kan ruwan tabarau na filastik ko tsaga a kan flange na kunshin. Daidaitaccen polarity yana da mahimmanci don aikin na'urar.

5. Jagororin Solder da Taro

Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye dogaro da hana lalata LED.

5.1 Yanayin Ajiya

Ya kamata a adana LEDs a cikin muhallin da bai wuce 30°C da 70% zafi ba. Idan an cire su daga ainihin kunshinsu na shinge na danshi, ya kamata a yi amfani da su a cikin watanni uku. Don ajiya mai tsayi a waje da jakar asali, yi amfani da akwati mai rufewa tare da desiccant ko desiccator mai cike da nitrogen.

5.2 Tsaftacewa

Idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole, yi amfani da kaushi na barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol. Ya kamata a guji sinadarai masu tsauri.

5.3 Samuwar Jagora

Lankwasa jagororin a wuri aƙalla 3mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau na LED. Kada ku yi amfani da jikin kunshin a matsayin fulcrum. Dole ne a yi samuwar jagora a yanayin zafi na daki kuma kafin aikin solder. Yi amfani da ƙaramin ƙarfi yayin haɗin PCB don guje wa damuwa na injiniya.

5.4 Tsarin Solder

Mahimmanci:Kada ku nutsar da ruwan tabarau a cikin solder. Guji amfani da damuwa ga jagororin yayin da LED ke da zafi.

• Ƙarfe na Solder:Matsakaicin zafin jiki 350°C. Matsakaicin lokacin solder dakika 5 a kowane jagora. Sanya ƙarfe ba kusa da 1.6mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau na epoxy ba.
• Solder Wave:Matsakaicin zafin jiki na preheat 100°C har zuwa dakika 60. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na igiyar solder 260°C har zuwa dakika 5. Kada a tsoma na'urar ƙasa da 1.6mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau na epoxy.
• Solder Reflow:Takardun bayanan ta bayyana a sarari cewa IR reflow bai dace da wannan nau'in LED na rami ba.

Yawan zafi ko lokaci na iya lalata ruwan tabarau ko haifar da gazawar bala'i.

6. Abubuwan Ƙira na Aikace-aikace

6.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Tuƙi

LEDs na'urori ne masu aiki da halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da haske iri ɗaya lokacin tuƙa LEDs da yawa a layi daya, ana ƙarfafa ba da shawarar yin amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na mutum ɗaya a cikin jerin tare da kowane LED (Tsarin Da'irar A). Yin amfani da resistor guda ɗaya don LEDs da yawa a layi daya (Tsarin Da'irar B) ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda bambance-bambance a cikin ƙarfin gaba (Vf) na na'urori ɗaya, wanda zai iya haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin halin yanzu, saboda haka, haske.

6.2 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

HSDL-4251 yana da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki. Cikakken shirin sarrafa ESD yana da mahimmanci yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa:

• Dole ne ma'aikata su sanya bel ɗin wuyan hannu ko safofin hannu masu hana tashin hankali.
• Dole ne duk kayan aiki, wuraren aiki, da rack ɗin ajiya su kasance da tushe daidai.
• Yi amfani da ionizers don daidaita cajin tsaye wanda zai iya taruwa akan ruwan tabarau na filastik.
• Aiwatar da cikakkun bincike da horarwa ga ma'aikatan da ke aiki a wuraren da aka kare ESD.

6.3 Gudanar da Thermal

Tare da juriya na thermal (RθJA) na 300°C/W, ana buƙatar ƙira mai zurfi na zafi, musamman lokacin aiki a manyan halaye ko a cikin yanayi mai dumi. Rage wutar lantarki (PD = Vf * IF) yana haifar da zafi a haɗin gwiwa. Ta amfani da bayanan rage darajar, dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar cewa zafin haɗin gwiwa (TJ) bai wuce 110°C ba. Isasshen tazara akan PCB da yuwuwar iskar iska na iya taimakawa sarrafa zafin jiki.

7. Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Dangane da ƙayyadaddun sa, HSDL-4251 ya dace da:

• Hanyoyin Bayanan Infrared Masu Sauri:IR LANs, modems, da dongles waɗanda ke buƙatar lokacin amsa na 40ns.
• Kayan Aikin Masana'antu:Na'urori masu auna firikwensin, masu ɓoye bayanai, da labulen aminci inda ake buƙatar katakon infrared amintacce.
• Kayan Aikin Hannu:Na'urorin likita, na'urorin dubawa na hannu, ko kayan aikin aunawa.
• Kayan Lantarki na Mabukaci:Na'urorin sarrafa nesa na infrared da na'urorin nuni na gani (misali, berayen gani).

8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

8.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin ra'ayi na kololuwa da tsayin ra'ayi mai rinjaye?

Tsawon ra'ayi na kololuwa (λPeak) shine tsayin ra'ayi a mafi girman matsayi na bakan fitowa. Tsawon ra'ayi mai rinjaye yana da alaƙa da launin da ake gani kuma ya fi dacewa ga LEDs masu iya gani. Don masu fitar da infrared kamar HSDL-4251, tsayin ra'ayi na kololuwa shine ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idar.

8.2 Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller?

A'a. Fil ɗin microcontroller yawanci ba zai iya samar da 100mA ba akai-akai. Dole ne ku yi amfani da da'irar tuƙi (misali, transistor) wanda microcontroller ke sarrafa shi, tare da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu kamar yadda aka bayyana a sashin hanyar tuƙi.

8.3 Ta yaya zan iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor na jerin da ake buƙata?

Yi amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vsupply - Vf_LED) / I_desired. Misali, tare da samar da 5V, halin da ake so na 50mA, da kuma Vf na yau da kullun na 1.5V a wannan halin: R = (5V - 1.5V) / 0.05A = 70 Ohms. Koyaushe yi amfani da matsakaicin Vf daga takardun bayanan don ƙira mai ra'ayin mazan jiya don iyakance halin yanzu.

8.4 Me yasa kusurwar kallo ke da mahimmanci?

Kusurwar kallo tana ayyana yaduwar katako. Kusurwar digiri 30 tana da mai da hankali sosai. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don daidaita mai fitarwa tare na'urar ganowa. Kusurwar mafi faɗi na iya zama mafi kyau don ganowa kusa, yayin da kusurwar kunkuntar ta fi kyau don sadarwa mai nisa, mai jagora.

9. Gabatarwar Fasaha da Ka'idar Aiki

HSDL-4251 tushen haske ne na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin gaba a kan tashoshinsa, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na kayan semiconductor na AlGaAs. Wannan tsarin sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin AlGaAs yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yayi daidai da tsayin ra'ayin hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, 870nm a cikin bakan infrared. Kunshin epoxy mai tsabta yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau, yana siffata katako mai fitarwa zuwa ƙayyadaddun kusurwar kallo kuma yana ba da kariya ta injiniya da muhalli don guntuwar semiconductor.