Bayanin Fasaha na LED LTSA-G6SVUAETU na Orange SMD - Nau'in Motoci - 140mA - 3.2V na Yau da Kullun - Takardun Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun ƙayyadaddun fasaha na LED mai ƙarfi, mai hawa a saman, wanda aka tsara don hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari. Babbar kasuwa da aka yi niyya don wannan kayan ita ce masana'antar motoci, musamman don aikace-aikacen kayan haɗi inda amincin aiki da aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban suke da muhimmanci.

An gina na'urar ta amfani da fasahar InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don samar da tushen haske mai launin rawaya, wanda daga baya ake tace shi ta hanyar ruwan tabarau na orange don cimma launin fitarwa na ƙarshe. Wannan haɗin yana ba da damar samar da haske mai inganci da sarrafa launi daidai. An tsara kunshin don ya dace da daidaitattun hanyoyin siyar da guduro ta hanyar sake kunnawa ta infrared, wanda ya sa ya dace da samarwa mai yawa akan allunan da'ira (PCBs).

1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Asali

• Cancantar Motoci:An cancanta na'urar tare da nuni ga ma'aunin AEC-Q101D, wanda ke bayyana gwajin cancantar damuwa don semiconductors daban-daban a aikace-aikacen motoci. Wannan yana tabbatar da amincin aiki a ƙarƙashin mawuyacin yanayi da aka saba da su a cikin motoci.
• Yin Biyayya ga RoHS:Kayan da hanyar samarwa suna bin umarnin ƙuntata Abubuwa masu haɗari, wanda ya sa ya dace da kasuwannin duniya masu ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin muhalli.
• Shirye-shiryen Samarwa:Ana ba da kayan a cikin daidaitaccen tsari na kunshin EIA akan tef mai nisan milimita 12 da aka nannade akan reels masu diamita inci 7. Wannan kunshin yana dacewa da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik, yana daidaita layin haɗawa.
• Gudanar da Zafi:An tsara firam ɗin jagorar cathode don kuma yin aiki azaman mai sanyaya zafi, yana taimakawa wajen kawar da makamashin zafi daga haɗin semiconductor, wanda yake da mahimmanci don kiyaye aiki da tsawon rayuwa.
• Daidaitawar IC:An tsara halayen lantarki don su dace da daidaitattun ƙarfin lantarki da igiyoyin ruwa na tuƙi na haɗakar da'ira.

2. Ma'auni da Halaye na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna bayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):900 mW
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IF):250 mA
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba:500 mA (a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini: 1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms)
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):Ba a tsara na'urar don aikin baya ba. Yin amfani da bambance-bambancen baya na iya haifar da gazawa nan da nan.
• Kewayon Yanayin Zafin Aiki (Topr):-40°C zuwa +110°C
• Kewayon Yanayin Zafin Ajiya (Tstg):-40°C zuwa +110°C

2.2 Halayen Zafi

Juriya na zafi muhimmin ma'auni ne wanda ke nuna yadda ake canja wurin zafi daga haɗin semiconductor zuwa muhalli. Ƙananan ƙimomi sun fi kyau don sarrafa zafi.

• Juriya na Zafi daga Junction zuwa Yanayi (RθJA):45 °C/W (na yau da kullun). An auna akan substrate FR4 (mai kauri 1.6mm) tare da fakitin tagulla mai 16mm².
• Juriya na Zafi daga Junction zuwa Maɓallin Solder (RθJS):25 °C/W (na yau da kullun). Wannan ƙaramin ƙimar yana nuna madaidaicin hanyar zafi kai tsaye daga guntu zuwa PCB ta hanyar jagororin.
• Matsakaicin Yanayin Zafi na Junction (Tj):150 °C. Dole ne zafin ciki na semiconductor kada ya wuce wannan iyaka.

2.3 Halayen Lantarki da Na'ura a 25°C

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C, IF=140mA) kuma suna bayyana ainihin aikin LED.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):Ya bambanta daga 4.5 cd (mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 11.2 cd (matsakaici), tare da ƙima ta yau da kullun a cikin wannan kewayon. Ana auna ƙarfin ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace don dacewa da lanƙwasa amsawar ido na CIE photopic.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ½):Digiri 120 (na yau da kullun). Wannan faɗin kusurwar dubawa yana nuna tsarin fitarwa na Lambertian ko kusa da Lambertian, wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi maimakon katako mai mai da hankali.
• Ma'auni na Launi (Cx, Cy):Ƙimar yau da kullun ita ce x=0.56, y=0.42. Waɗannan ma'auni akan zanen launi na CIE 1931 suna bayyana ma'anar launin orange.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Ya bambanta daga 2.8V zuwa 3.6V a 140mA, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na kusan 3.2V. Haƙuri shine ±0.1V a cikin takamaiman kwandon sa.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):10 µA (matsakaici) lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya na 5V. Wannan gwajin don siffanta kawai ne, saboda ba a yi niyya don aikin bambance-bambancen baya ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LEDs zuwa kwandon aiki bisa mahimman ma'auni. Tsarin lambar rukuni shine Vf/Iv/Hue (misali, 24/EA/A20).

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Vf)

Ana rarraba LEDs ta hanyar faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a gwajin halin yanzu na 140mA.

• Kwandon 24:2.8V ≤ Vf< 3.0V
• Kwandon 64:3.0V ≤ Vf< 3.2V
• Kwandon A4:3.2V ≤ Vf< 3.4V
• Kwandon E4:3.4V ≤ Vf ≤ 3.6V

Haƙuri a cikin kowane kwandon shine ±0.1V.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv)

Ana rarraba LEDs bisa ga ƙimar fitar hasken da aka auna.

• Kwandon DA:4.5 cd ≤ Iv<5.6 cd (13.1 lm zuwa 16.0 lm)
• Kwandon DB:5.6 cd ≤ Iv<7.1 cd (16.0 lm zuwa 20.6 lm)
• Kwandon EA:7.1 cd ≤ Iv<9.0 cd (20.6 lm zuwa 26.1 lm)
• Kwandon EB:9.0 cd ≤ Iv ≤ 11.2 cd (26.1 lm zuwa 32.5 lm)

Haƙuri akan kowane kwandon ƙarfi shine ±11%.

3.3 Rarrabuwar Launi (Hue)

Ana rarraba LEDs zuwa takamaiman murabba'ai akan zanen launi na CIE don tabbatar da daidaiton launi daidai. Kwandon (A10, A20, B10, B20) suna bayyana ƙananan yankuna masu kusa da ma'anar launin orange da aka yi niyya (na yau da kullun x=0.56, y=0.42). Haƙuri don ma'auni (x, y) a cikin kowane kwandon hue shine ±0.01, yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi sosai don aikace-aikacen inda kamannin iri ɗaya ke da mahimmanci.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

4.1 Girman Kunshi da Polarity

Na'urar tana amfani da daidaitaccen kunshin hawa a saman. Duk girmansu suna cikin milimita tare da haƙuri na gabaɗaya na ±0.2mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Muhimmin bayanin ƙira shine cewa firam ɗin jagorar cathode an haɗa shi a ciki zuwa babban mai sanyaya zafi na LED die. Don haka gano cathode daidai (yawanci ana yiwa alama akan kunshin ko aka nuna a cikin sawun ƙafa) yana da mahimmanci ba kawai don haɗin lantarki daidai ba har ma don ingantaccen sarrafa zafi. Ana ba da shawarar hawa na'urar tare da isasshen fakitin zafi da aka haɗa zuwa cathode don ƙara yawan zafi.

4.2 Tsarin Fakitin PCB da aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da tsarin ƙasa da aka ba da shawara (sawun ƙafa) don siyar da guduro ta hanyar sake kunnawa ta infrared don tabbatar da samuwar haɗin guduro mai aminci, daidaitawar kai daidai yayin sake kunnawa, da ingantaccen canja wurin zafi daga fakitin zafi na cathode zuwa tagulla na PCB.

5. Jagororin Haɗawa da Gudanarwa

5.1 Tsarin Siyarwa: Bayanan Sake Kunnawa na IR

An cancanta kayan don hanyoyin siyar da guduro marasa gubar (Pb-free). Shawarar bayanan sake kunnawa ta dace da ma'aunin J-STD-020. Mahimman ma'auni sun haɗa da:

• Dumama/Bambancewa:Tashin da aka sarrafa don kunna kwarara da rage girgizar zafi.
• Yankin Jiƙa:Lokaci a cikin zafin jiki don tabbatar da dumama kayan da allon daidai.
• Yankin Sake Kunnawa:Dole ne matsakaicin zafin jiki ya yi yawa don samar da haɗin guduro mai aminci amma bai kamata ya wuce matsakaicin haƙurin zafin jiki na kunshin LED ba (kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin matsakaicin ƙididdiga na matsakaici da matakin hankali na danshi).
• Ƙimar Sanyaya:Sanyaya da aka sarrafa don ƙarfafa haɗin guduro da rage damuwa.

Yin bin wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don hana lalacewa daga damuwa na zafi ko yawan zafi.

5.2 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan haɗawa, kawai yakamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi. Nitsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana da kyau. Yin amfani da kaushi na da ba a bayyana ba ko masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko kayan kunshi, wanda zai haifar da raguwar fitar haske ko gazawa da wuri.

5.3 Hankalin Danshi da Ajiya

Wannan samfurin an rarraba shi azaman Matakin Hankalin Danshi (MSL) 2 bisa ga ma'aunin JEDEC J-STD-020.

• Kunshin da aka Rufe:Lokacin ajiyewa a cikin jakar kariya ta asali tare da busassun abu, tsawon rayuwar shiryayye shekara ɗaya ne a ≤30°C da ≤70% RH.
• Bayan Buɗewa:Da zarar an buɗe jakar kariya, yakamata a ajiye kayan a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Ana ba da shawarar kammala tsarin sake kunnawa na IR cikin shekara guda bayan buɗewa.
• Ajiya Tsawon Lokaci/Baking:Don kayan da aka ajiye daga kunshinsu na asali sama da shekara guda, ana ba da shawarar yin gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin siyarwa don cire danshin da aka sha da hana "popcorning" (fashewar kunshi) yayin sake kunnawa.

6. Kunshi da Oda

Daidaitaccen tsarin kunshi shine guda 1000 a kowane reel na inci 7. Ana ba da kayan akan tef mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin milimita 12 da aka rufe tare da tef ɗin murfi. Girman tef da reel suna bin ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481. Don adadin ƙasa da cikakken reel, mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryayye na guda 500 ya shafi sauran kayan. Kunshin yana tabbatar da dacewa da kayan ciyar da kayan haɗawa ta atomatik.

7. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ɗauka na Ƙira

7.1 Aikace-aikacen Da aka Yi Niyya

An ƙayyade wannan LED don aikace-aikacen kayan haɗin motoci. Wannan na iya haɗawa da hasken yanayi na ciki, fitilun nuna dashboard, hasken baya na maɓalli, ko hasken waje inda ƙwararrun cancanta (AEC-Q101) ke zama buƙatu. Ba a yi niyya don aikace-aikacen masu mahimmanci na aminci kamar fitilun gaba, fitilun birki, ko alamun juyawa ba tare da tuntuɓar farko da ƙarin cancanta ba.

7.2 Abubuwan Ɗauka na Ƙira na Da'ira

• Tuƙi na Halin Yanzu:LED na'ura ce da aka tuƙa ta halin yanzu. Dole ne a yi amfani da tushen halin yanzu na akai-akai ko na'urar ƙuntata halin yanzu a jere tare da tushen ƙarfin lantarki don saita halin yanzu na gaba (IF). Yanayin aiki na yau da kullun shine 140mA, amma ana iya tuƙa shi har zuwa matsakaicin ƙimar DC na 250mA tare da ƙirar zafi da ya dace.
• Ƙirar Zafi:Wutar lantarki da aka tarwatsa a cikin LED (Pd ≈ VF * IF) tana haifar da zafi. Ta amfani da ƙimar juriya na zafi (RθJA, RθJS), mai ƙira zai iya ƙididdige haɓakar yanayin zafi na junction da aka tsammani sama da yanayi (ΔTj = Pd * Rθ). Dole ne yanayin zafi na junction (Tj = Ta + ΔTj) ya kasance ƙasa da 150°C. Ƙara yawan yankin tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa fakitin cathode akan PCB ita ce hanya mafi inganci don rage RθJS da sarrafa zafin jiki.
• Kariya ta ESD:Duk da ba a bayyana a fili a cikin cikakken bayanin bayanan da aka bayar ba, LEDs na InGaN na iya zama masu hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki (ESD). Yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun yayin haɗawa.

7.3 Aminci da Tsawon Rayuwa

Cancantar zuwa AEC-Q101D ya ƙunshi jerin gwaje-gwajen damuwa da aka hanzarta da ke kwaikwayon zagayowar rayuwar motoci, gami da rayuwar aiki mai zafi (HTOL), zagayowar zafin jiki, da juriya ga danshi. Wannan yana ba da kwarin gwiwa ga amincin na'urar don amfani a cikin muhallin motoci mai ƙalubale, inda matsanancin zafin jiki, girgiza, da danshi suka zama ruwan dare. Ƙarfin haske da halayen ƙarfin lantarki na gaba za su canza a hankali cikin dubunnan sa'o'i na aiki; ƙimar wannan canjin ya dogara sosai akan kiyaye yanayin zafi na junction ƙasa da yiwuwa yayin aiki.