Takardar Bayani na LED Mai Cikakken Launi SMD 67-135-BYGRRTNW-M101520-2T8-CS - Girman Kunshin - Ƙarfin Lantarki 2.4-3.4V - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 0.082-0.102W - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda tana cikakken bayyana ƙayyadaddun bayanai na 67-135-BYGRRTNW-M101520-2T8-CS, wata LED mai cikakken launi da ake haɗawa ta fuskar allon (SMD). Wannan ɓangaren ya haɗa ƙananan guntu LED guda uku (Ja, Kore, Shudi) a cikin kunshi guda na resin mai watsa haske mai launin fari, wanda ke ba da damar samar da nau'ikan launuka daban-daban ta hanyar haɗa launuka. An ƙera wannan na'urar don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙaramin girma, ƙarfin haske mai ƙarfi, da kuma faɗin kusurwar kallo.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun samo asali ne daga ƙirar kunshinsa da zaɓin kayan aiki. Amfani da resin mai tsafta mara launi tare da kunshin SMT mai watsa haske mai launin fari yana tabbatar da kyakkyawan watsa haske da kuma bayyanar daidaitacce. Ƙirar guntu uku da aka haɗa tana sauƙaƙa ƙirar da'ira ta hanyar samar da ɓangare guda don fitar da cikakken launi. Kunshin firam ɗin da ke da fil ɗin ƙafa shida na kowane launi yana ba da damar sarrafa kowane tashar launi da kansa. Bugu da ƙari, na'urar ta yi daidai da manyan ƙa'idodin muhalli da aminci, ciki har da RoHS, REACH, da buƙatun marasa halogen (Br <900 ppm, Cl <900 ppm, Br+Cl < 1500 ppm).

1.2 Kasuwa da Aikace-aikace da Ake Nufa

Wannan LED ya dace sosai don aikace-aikacen da sararin aiki ya yi ƙanƙanta kuma ake buƙatar nuni ko haske mai launuka masu ban sha'awa. Ƙarfinsa mai ƙarfi da amincinsa sun sa ya dace da na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, na'urorin da ake ɗauka, da kuma alamun kasuwanci. Aikace-aikacen yau da kullun sun haɗa da hasken baya don allunan bayanai, alamomin yanayi akan kayan wasan nishaɗi, ɓangarorin fitilun wayoyin hannu, da kuma hasken kayan ado ko aiki gabaɗaya a cikin ƙananan na'urorin lantarki.

2. Zurfin Bincike na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Sasannin masu zuwa suna ba da cikakken bincike na gaskiya game da mahimman ma'auni na fasaha na na'urar kamar yadda aka ayyana a cikin takardar bayani.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsayi

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki da LED a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba. Manyan ƙididdiga sun haɗa da ci gaba da ƙarfin halin yanzu (IF) na 30 mA a kowane tashar launi (Shudi/Rawa, Kore, Ja), mafi girman ƙarfin halin yanzu (IFP) na 60 mA a kowane tashar a cikin zagayowar aiki 1/10 da 1 kHz, da kuma ɓarnawar wutar lantarki (Pd) daga 82 mW zuwa 102 mW dangane da guntu. Matsakaicin zafin jiki (Tj) shine 115°C, tare da kewayon zafin aiki (Topr) na -40°C zuwa +85°C. Na'urar na iya jure matakin ESD na 2000V.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna waɗannan halayen a Ta=25°C kuma suna ayyana aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji.

2.2.1 Ƙarfin Hasken da Kusurwar Kallo

Ƙarfin haske (Iv) ya bambanta da launi. A ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji na IF=10mA don Shudi, 15mA don Kore, da 20mA don Ja, ƙimar yau da kullun sune: Shudi: 140-355 mcd, Kore: 900-2240 mcd, Ja: 450-1120 mcd. Haɗaɗɗen fitar da farin haske yana da ƙarfi na yau da kullun na 1400-3550 mcd. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) tana da faɗi mai faɗin digiri 120, wanda ke da amfani ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi ko bayyane.

2.2.2 Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa da Halayen Bakan

Matsakaicin tsawon raƙuman ruwa (λp) yawanci shine 460 nm (Shudi), 520 nm (Kore), da 630 nm (Ja). Kewayon tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd) sune: Shudi: 460-475 nm, Kore: 520-535 nm, Ja: 617.5-629.5 nm. Faɗin bakan hasken (Δλ) yana kusan 23 nm don Shudi, 30 nm don Kore, da 18 nm don Ja. Waɗannan ma'auni suna da mahimmanci ga daidaiton launi da daidaito a cikin aikace-aikacen nuni ko haske.

2.2.3 Ma'auni na Lantarki

Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) don guntun Shudi da Kore ya bambanta daga 2.40V zuwa 3.40V a ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin halin yanzu. Guntun Ja yana da ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba daga 1.75V zuwa 2.75V a 20mA. Na'urar kuma ta haɗa da diode na Zener da aka haɗa don kariya, tare da ƙarfin lantarki na Zener (VZ) tsakanin 5.30V da 7.00V a ƙarfin gwaji (IZ) na 5mA.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa rukunoni.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken

Ana rarraba haɗaɗɗen fitar da farin haske zuwa rukunoni bisa mafi ƙanƙanta da mafi girman ƙimar ƙarfin haske. Lambobin rukunin sune AB (1400-1800 mcd), BA (1800-2240 mcd), BB (2240-2800 mcd), da CA (2800-3550 mcd). Ana amfani da juzu'i na ±11% ga ƙarfin haske.

3.2 Rarrabawar Ma'auni na Launi

Ana sarrafa fitar da launi daidai ta hanyar rarrabawa akan zanen ma'auni na launi na CIE 1931. An ayyana rukunoni tara (S1 zuwa S9), kowanne yana wakiltar ƙaramin yanki mai siffar huɗu akan jirgin saman ma'auni x,y. An ba da ma'auni na kowane kusurwa na waɗannan rukunonin a cikin takardar bayani. Juzu'in ma'auni na launi shine ±0.01, yana tabbatar da sarrafa launi mai ƙarfi don aikace-aikacen da daidaiton daidaitawar launi ke da mahimmanci.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayani ta haɗa da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Rarraba Bakan da Tsarin Rarraba Hasken

Lanƙwasa rarraba bakan na yau da kullun yana nuna ƙarfin hasken da ake fitarwa a cikin tsayin raƙuman ruwa daban-daban ga kowane guntu, wanda aka lulluɓe tare da daidaitaccen lanƙwasa amsa na idon ɗan adam V(λ). Zanen halayen rarraba haske yana kwatanta rarraba ƙarfin haske a sarari, wanda ke da alaƙa da kusurwar kallo na digiri 120.

4.2 Halayen Ƙarfin Lantarki da Ƙarfin Lantarki (I-V)

Lanƙwasa daban-daban don guntun BY (Shudi), GR (Kore), da RTN (Ja) suna nuna ƙarfin halin yanzu na gaba da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Waɗannan lanƙwasa suna da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance ƙarfin halin yanzu da ya dace ga kowane tashar, saboda alaƙar ba ta layi ba ce (mai ma'ana).

4.3 Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa Mai Rinjaye vs. Ƙarfin Halin Yanzu na Gaba

Waɗannan lanƙwasa suna nuna yadda tsayin raƙuman ruwa na kowane guntu zai iya ɗan canzawa tare da canje-canje a cikin ƙarfin halin yanzu na gaba. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen fitar da launi a cikin matakan haske daban-daban.

4.4 Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken Dangane da Ƙarfin Halin Yanzu na Gaba

Wannan dangantaka gabaɗaya tana layi ne a cikin kewayon aikin da aka ba da shawarar, yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin halin yanzu. Masu ƙira suna amfani da wannan don cimma matakan haske da ake so.

4.5 Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Halin Yanzu na Gaba da Aka Halatta vs. Zazzabi

Wannan lanƙwasa rage ƙima yana da mahimmanci ga amincin aiki. Yana nuna yadda dole ne a rage matsakaicin ƙarfin halin yanzu na gaba mai aminci yayin da zafin yanayi ke ƙaruwa. Yin aiki sama da wannan lanƙwasa na iya haifar da zafi mai yawa da rage tsawon rayuwa.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

5.1 Girman Kunshi

Na'urar tana da takamaiman ƙafar SMD. Zanen girman kunshi yana ba da duk mahimman ma'auni ciki har da tsayi, faɗi, tsayi, girman kushin, da tazarar fil. Duk juzu'i suna ±0.1mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Naúrar ma'auni ita ce millimita (mm). Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar shimfidar PCB don tabbatar da dacewa da gyarawa daidai.

5.2 Ƙirar Kushin da Gano Ƙarfin Lantarki

Firam ɗin ƙafar ƙafa shida yana ba da damar haɗin anode/cathode na kowane guntu LED guda uku. Zanen ma'auni na takardar bayani yana nuna tsarin fitar da fil a sarari, yana nuna waɗanne kushin suka dace da anode da cathode don guntun Ja, Kore, da Shudi. Dole ne a kiyaye ƙarfin lantarki daidai yayin haɗawa don tabbatar da aikin da ya dace.

6. Jagororin Gyarawa da Haɗawa

6.1 Ma'auni na Gyarawa ta Hanyar Komawa

Hanyar gyarawa da aka ba da shawarar ita ce gyarawa ta hanyar komawa. Matsakaicin zafin gyarawa (Tsol) shine 260°C na tsawon dakika 10. Dole ne a bi wannan bayanin don hana lalacewar zafi ga kunshin LED, haɗin gyarawa, da haɗin wayoyi na ciki.

6.2 Gyarawa da Hannu (Idan Ya Dace)

Yayin da ake fifita komawa, an ayyana gyarawa da hannu a matsayin madadin tare da ƙaƙƙarfan iyakoki: matsakaicin zazzabi na 350°C na dakika 3 kawai. Dole ne a yi taka tsantsan don keɓance zafi da kuma guje wa bayyanawa na tsawon lokaci.

6.3 Gyara Kafin Aiki da Kuma Hancin Danshi

6.3 Gyara Kafin Aiki da Kuma Hancin Danshi

6.4 Yanayin Ajiya

Kewayon zafin ajiya (Tstg) shine -40°C zuwa +100°C. Ya kamata a adana ɓangarorin a cikin yanayi mai bushewa, mai sarrafawa, zai fi dacewa a cikin jakunkunan hana danshi na asali tare da abin bushewa har sai an shirya don amfani.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun

Kowane tashar launi yana buƙatar resistor mai iyakancewa na jerin. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vsupply - VF) / IF, inda VF shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na takamaiman guntu a ƙarfin halin yanzu da ake so (IF). Saboda bambancin VF da ƙimar IF da aka ba da shawarar ga kowane launi, yawanci za a buƙaci ƙimar resistor daban-daban guda uku. Ana iya amfani da microcontroller ko takamaiman IC direban LED don sarrafa faɗin bugun jini (PWM) don sarrafa haske da ƙirƙirar gaurayawan launuka.

7.2 Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙira

• Gudanar da Zazzabi:Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko ramukan zafi, musamman idan ana aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙarfin halin yanzu ko a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma, don watsa zafi da kuma kiyaye zafin jiki a cikin iyakoki.
• Sarrafa Ƙarfin Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da tuƙi mai ƙarfin halin yanzu na dindindin ko resistor mai iyakancewa. Haɗa kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki zai haifar da ƙarfin halin yanzu mai yawa kuma ya lalata LED.
• Ƙirar Hasken:Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 ya sa ya dace don kallo kai tsaye. Don aikace-aikacen bututun haske, yi la'akari da ingancin haɗawa da yuwuwar haɗa launuka a cikin jagorar haske.
• Kariya ta ESD:Yayin da na'urar ke da ƙimar ESD na 2000V, aiwatar da ƙarin kariya ta ESD akan layukan da ke da hankali a cikin samfurin ƙarshe kyakkyawan aiki ne don ƙarfi.

8. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Bisa Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa duk guntu uku a ƙarfin halin yanzu 20mA ɗaya?

A: Ko da yake yana yiwuwa, ba a ba da shawarar bisa ga yanayin gwaji ba. Takardar bayani ta ƙayyade mafi kyawun ƙarfin gwaji na 10mA (Shudi), 15mA (Kore), da 20mA (Ja) don bayanan haske da aka buga. Tuƙi guntun Shudi da Kore a 20mA zai ƙara fitar da haske amma kuma ɓarnawar wutar lantarki da zafin jiki, wanda zai iya shafar tsawon rayuwa da kwanciyar hankali na launi. Koyaushe koma ga Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsayi.

Q: Ta yaya zan sami farin haske mai tsabta?

A: Ana samun farin haske mai tsabta ta hanyar haɗa daidai ƙarfin hasken ja, kore, da shudi. Saboda bambance-bambance a cikin fahimtar ɗan adam da ingancin guntu, ƙarfin halin yanzu da ake buƙata ba su daidai ba. Bayanan ƙarfin haɗaɗɗen farin haske na yau da kullun (1400-3550 mcd) ana auna su tare da takamaiman rabon ƙarfin halin yanzu na B:10mA, G:15mA, R:20mA. Daidaitawa ta hanyar PWM ko daidaita ƙarfin halin yanzu na analog na iya zama dole don farin batu da ake so (misali, farin sanyi, farin zafi).

Q: Menene manufar diode na Zener da aka haɗa?

A: An haɗa diode na Zener a layi daya tare da guntu(n) na LED, mai yiwuwa a cikin yanayin da aka juya baya. Yana aiki azaman matse ƙarfin lantarki don kare mahaɗin LED mai hankali daga ƙararrakin ƙarfin lantarki na wucin gadi ko abubuwan fitar da lantarki na wucin gadi (ESD) waɗanda in ba haka ba zasu iya haifar da lalacewa.

9. Ka'idar Aiki

Na'urar tana aiki bisa ka'idar hasken lantarki a cikin kayan semiconductor. Guntu uku da aka haɗa an yi su ne daga mahaɗan semiconductor daban-daban: AlGaInP don guntun Ja, da InGaN don guntun Kore da Shudi. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan mahaɗin p-n na wani guntu, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor yana ƙayyade tsayin raƙuman ruwa (launi) na hasken da aka fitar. Ta hanyar sarrafa ƙarfin waɗannan launuka na farko guda uku (Ja, Kore, Shudi) da kansu, ana iya samar da ɗimbin launuka na biyu ta hanyar haɗa launuka kai tsaye a cikin kunshin watsa haske na na'urar.