Takardar Bayanin Fasaha ta SMD LED LTST-T180UBKT - Blue 468nm - Kallon Kusa 120° - 30mA - 108mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun bayanai na fasaha don na'urar haske mai saukar da kai (SMD LED). An tsara wannan kayan don tsarin hadawa na atomatik na allon da'ira (PCB), yana da siffa kankanta wacce ta dace da aikace-aikacen da ke da matsalar sarari. LED tana amfani da kayan semiconductor na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don samar da haske blue, an kuma lullube shi a cikin fakitin ruwa mai tsabta.

1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Asali

LED ya bi ka'idojin Takunkumin Abubuwa masu haifar da haɗari (RoHS). Ana ba da shi a cikin kaset ɗin masana'antu na 8mm akan reels masu diamita 7-inch, wanda ke sauƙaƙe dacewa da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik. An tsara na'urar don dacewa da da'irar hadawa (IC) kuma tana iya jure tsarin siyar da guduro na infrared (IR). An riga an shirya shi don hanzarta zuwa matakin damshin JEDEC na 3.

1.2 Kasuwa da Aikace-aikace

Wannan LED ya dace da kayan lantarki iri-iri. Manyan wuraren aikace-aikace sun hada da na'urorin sadarwa, kayan aikin sarrafa ofis, kayan amfani na gida, da tsarin sarrafa masana'antu. Aikace-aikacen sa na yau da kullun shine azaman alamun matsayi, fitilun sigina ko alama, da kuma hasken baya na gaban allon.

2. Fassarar Ma'anar Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni

Duk ma'auni an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C. Wucewa waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin.

• Watsawar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):108 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da na'urar za ta iya watsawa azaman zafi.
• Matsakaicin Igawar Gaba (I_F(PEAK)):100 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin igiyar gaba da aka yarda da ita a lokaci guda, yawanci a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms).
• Igawar Gaba ta DC (I_F):30 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin igiyar gaba mai ci gaba da aka ba da shawarar don aiki mai dogaro.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-40°C zuwa +100°C. An tabbatar da cewa na'urar za ta yi aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zafin muhalli.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +100°C. Ana iya adana na'urar ba tare da lalacewa ba a cikin wannan kewayon.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan ma'auni suna bayyana aikin yau da kullun na LED a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na al'ada a Ta=25°C.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):280 zuwa 560 millicandelas (mcd) a igiyar gaba (I_F) na 20mA. Ana auna ƙarfi ta amfani da firikwensin da tacewa wanda ke kusantar da'irar amsawar ido na CIE photopic.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2):120 digiri (na al'ada). Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar axial (a kan axis).
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Watsawa (λ_P):468 nanometers (nm) na al'ada. Wannan shine tsawon tsawon lokacin da rarraba ikon bakan ya fi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):465 zuwa 475 nm a I_F=20mA. Wannan shine tsawon tsawon lokaci guda da idon ɗan adam ya gane, wanda aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):20 nm na al'ada. Wannan yana nuna tsantsar bakan ko faɗin band na hasken da aka fitar.
• Ƙarfin Gaba (V_F):2.6 zuwa 3.6 Volts a I_F=20mA. Wannan shine faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudanar da igiya.
• Igawar Baya (I_R):10 μA matsakaici a ƙarfin baya (V_R) na 5V. Ba a tsara na'urar don aikin baya ba; wannan ma'auni don dalilai na gwaji ne kawai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba Kwandon

Ana rarraba LEDs zuwa kwanduna bisa mahimman ma'auni na aiki don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin kayan samarwa.

3.1 Matsayin Ƙarfin Gaba (V_F)

An auna a 20mA. Haƙuri akan kowane kwandon shine ±0.1 Volt.

• D6:2.6V (Ƙarami) - 2.8V (Matsakaici)
• D7:2.8V - 3.0V
• D8:3.0V - 3.2V
• D9:3.2V - 3.4V
• D10:3.4V - 3.6V

3.2 Matsayin Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V)

An auna a millicandelas (mcd) a 20mA. Haƙuri akan kowane kwandon shine ±11%.

• T1:280 mcd (Ƙarami) - 355 mcd (Matsakaici)
• T2:355 mcd - 450 mcd
• U1:450 mcd - 560 mcd

3.3 Matsayin Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d)

An auna a nanometers (nm) a 20mA. Haƙuri ga kowane kwandon shine ±1 nm.

• AC:465.0 nm (Ƙarami) - 470.0 nm (Matsakaici)
• AD:470.0 nm - 475.0 nm

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

An ba da lanƙwasa halaye na al'ada don kwatanta alaƙar da ke tsakanin mahimman ma'auni. Waɗannan lanƙwasa suna da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira da hasashen aiki.

4.1 Igawar Gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Wannan lanƙwasa tana nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin igiyar da ke gudana ta LED da ƙarfin lantarki a cikinta. Yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar madaidaicin resistor mai iyakance igiya a cikin da'irar tuƙi.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken da Igawar Gaba

Wannan jadawalin yana nuna yadda fitowar haske (a cikin mcd) ke ƙaruwa tare da igiyar gaba. Yawanci yana nuna alaƙar kusa da layi a cikin kewayon aiki da aka ba da shawarar, yana taimaka wa masu ƙira su cimma matakan haske da ake so.

4.3 Rarraba Ikon Bakan

Wannan lanƙwasa tana jera ƙarfin haske na dangi da tsawon tsawon lokaci, tana nuna kololuwa a kusan 468nm da rabin faɗin bakan na kusan 20nm, yana bayyana halayen launin blue.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin

LED ya yi daidai da daidaitaccen fakitin SMD na EIA. Duk girmansu suna cikin millimeters tare da haƙuri na gabaɗaya na ±0.2mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade su. Zanen ya haɗa da ma'auni masu mahimmanci kamar tsawon jiki, faɗi, tsayi, da tazarar jagora.

5.2 Tsarin Dandalin Haɗin PCB da Aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da zanen tsarin ƙasa don siyar da guduro na infrared ko tururi. Wannan yana nuna girmansu na tagulla da aka ba da shawarar da tazara akan PCB don tabbatar da samuwar haɗin guduro, kwanciyar hankali na injiniya, da sarrafa zafi.

5.3 Gano Polariti

Cathode (tashar mara kyau) yawanci ana nuna shi ta hanyar alama akan fakitin, kamar tsaga, digo, ko sashen kusurwa. Daidaitaccen alkiblar polariti yana da mahimmanci yayin haɗawa.

6. Jagororin Siyarwa da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Siyarwar IR Reflow

An ba da shawarar yanayin zafin jiki don hanyoyin siyarwa marasa gubar (Pb-free), wanda ya dace da J-STD-020B. Mahimman ma'auni sun haɗa da:

• Zafin Rigakafin:150°C zuwa 200°C.
• Lokacin Rigakafin:Matsakaicin 120 seconds.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki:Matsakaicin 260°C.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus:Matsakaicin 10 seconds (an yarda da matsakaicin zagaye biyu na sake kunnawa).

Ya kamata a siffanta bayanan martaba don takamaiman ƙirar PCB, kayan aiki, da man guduro da aka yi amfani da su.

6.2 Yanayin Ajiya

Fakitin da aka Rufe:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% Danshin Dangi (RH). Tsawon rayuwar shiryayye shine shekara guda idan an adana shi a cikin jakar kariyar danshi ta asali tare da busasshen abu.
Fakitin da aka Buɗe:Don abubuwan da aka cire daga fakitin su na asali, yanayin ajiyar muhalli bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Ana ba da shawarar kammala sake kunnawar IR cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7). Don ajiya fiye da wannan lokacin, a gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin siyarwa.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole bayan siyarwa, yi amfani da kaushi na barasa kamar ethyl alcohol ko isopropyl alcohol a yanayin zafi na al'ada na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Guji ruwayen sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba.

6.4 Siyarwar Hannu (Ƙarfe mai siyarwa)

Idan ana buƙatar siyarwar hannu, iyakance zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe zuwa matsakaicin 300°C kuma lokacin siyarwa zuwa matsakaicin 3 seconds kowace jagora. Wannan ya kamata a yi sau ɗaya kawai.

7. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kaset da Reel

Ana tattara LEDs a cikin kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗi 8mm wanda aka nannade akan reels masu diamita 7-inch (178mm). Kowace reel tana ɗauke da guda 5000. An ba da girmansu na aljihu na kaset da girmansu na cibiyar reel/flange a cikin cikakkun zane-zane, wanda ya dace da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481.

7.2 Bayanan Tattarawa

• Ana rufe aljihun kayan aiki mara komai da tef ɗin saman.
• Matsakaicin adadin tattarawa don ragowar kuri'u shine guda 500.
• An yarda da matsakaicin abubuwan da suka ɓace guda biyu a jere kowace reel.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

LEDs na'urori ne masu aiki da igiya. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske lokacin tuƙi da LEDs da yawa a layi daya, ya kamata a haɗa resistor mai iyakance igiya a jere tare da kowane LED. Sauraran da'irar tuƙi ta ƙunshi tushen ƙarfin lantarki (V_CC), resistor na jere (R_S), da LED. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_S= (V_CC- V_F) / I_F, inda V_Fshine ƙarfin gaba na LED a igiyar da ake so I_F.

8.2 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Ƙira

• Gudanar da Zafi:Tabbatar da ƙirar PCB ta ba da damar isasshen watsawar zafi, musamman lokacin aiki kusa da matsakaicin igiya ko ma'auni na wutar lantarki.
• Ƙirar Gani:Faɗin kusurwar kallo na 120° ya sa wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi ko ganuwa daga kusurwoyi da yawa. Yi la'akari da ruwan tabarau ko jagororin haske idan ana buƙatar ƙara mai da hankali.
• Kariya ta ESD:Duk da yake ba a bayyana shi a sarari ba, ya kamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na fitar da wutar lantarki (ESD) na yau da kullun yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Mahimman bambance-bambancen wannan LED sun haɗa da haɗuwar ƙarfin haske mai yawa (har zuwa 560 mcd) tare da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120. Fasahar InGaN tana ba da fitowar haske blue mai inganci. Dacewarta da haɗawa ta atomatik da hanyoyin sake kunnawar IR na al'ada ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai tsada don samarwa mai yawa. Cikakken tsarin rarraba kwandon yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa tare da matsananciyar haƙuri don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton launi ko haske.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon da Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon?

Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P) shine tsawon tsawon jiki inda LED ke fitar da mafi yawan ikon gani. Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d) ƙima ce da aka ƙididdige bisa fahimtar launi na ɗan adam (ginshiƙi na CIE) kuma yana wakiltar tsawon tsawon lokaci guda na launin bakan tsantsa wanda ya dace da launin da aka gane na LED. Don LEDs masu launi ɗaya kamar wannan blue, sau da yawa suna kusa amma ba iri ɗaya ba.

10.2 Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED da wadatar 3.3V ba tare da resistor ba?

Ba a ba da shawarar ba. Ƙarfin gaba (V_F) ya kewayo daga 2.6V zuwa 3.6V. Haɗa wadatar 3.3V kai tsaye zai iya haifar da igiya mai yawa idan V na LED_Fya fi ƙasa da 3.3V, yana iya lalata shi. Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance igiya na jere ko direba mai ci gaba da igiya.

10.3 Me ya sa yanayin ajiya na fakitin da aka buɗe ya fi na wanda aka rufe?

Fakitin da aka rufe yana ɗauke da busasshen abu don kiyaye matakin danshi mai ƙasa sosai, yana kare na'urar mai damuwa da danshi. Da zarar an buɗe, LED yana fuskantar danshin muhalli, wanda zai iya shiga cikin fakitin filastik. Yayin siyarwar sake kunnawa, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya faɗaɗa cikin sauri, yana haifar da rabuwa na ciki ko \"popcorning,\" wanda ke tsage fakitin. Tsawon rayuwar bene na sa'o'i 168 da buƙatun gasa matakan kariya ne daga wannan yanayin gazawa.

11. Ƙirar Aiki da Misalin Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar allon nuna matsayi na LED da yawa don na'urar hanyar sadarwa.
Allon yana buƙatar LEDs na matsayi blue 10. Daidaiton haske yana da mahimmanci saboda dalilai na ado da aiki.
Matakan Ƙira:
1. Ƙirar Da'ira:Yi amfani da layin dogo na 5V. Zaton V na al'ada_Fna 3.2V daga kwandon D8 da manufa I_Fna 20mA, lissafa resistor na jere: R = (5V - 3.2V) / 0.02A = 90 Ohms. Ana iya amfani da resistor na al'ada na 91 Ohm. Sanya resistor ɗaya a jere tare da kowane LED, haɗa duk nau'ikan LED-resistor guda 10 a layi daya zuwa wadatar 5V.
2. Zaɓin Kayan Aiki:Ƙayyade kwandunan da ake buƙata lokacin yin oda: misali, V_FKwandon D8, I_VKwandon U1 (don haske mai ƙarfi), λ_dKwandon AC don daidaiton launin blue.
3. Tsarin PCB:Aiwatar da tsarin dandali da aka ba da shawarar daga takardar bayanin. Tabbatar da isasshen tazara tsakanin LEDs don watsawar zafi.
4. Haɗawa:Bi jagororin bayanan martaba na IR Reflow. Idan an haɗa allunan a cikin guntu da ya wuce tsawon rayuwar bene na sa'o'i 168 don abubuwan da aka buɗe, aiwatar da tsarin gasa na 60°C/48-hour kafin siyarwa.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'ida

Diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke fitar da haske lokacin da igiyar lantarki ta wuce ta cikinsu. Wannan al'amari ana kiransa electroluminescence. A cikin LED na InGaN, makamashin lantarki yana sa electrons da ramuka su sake haɗuwa a cikin yankin aiki na semiconductor, suna sakin makamashi a cikin siffar photons (haske). Takamaiman tsawon tsawon lokaci (launi) na haske, a wannan yanayin blue (~468 nm), an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan InGaN. Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai tsabta yana aiki don kare guntu na semiconductor, siffar fitowar haske (sakamakon kusurwar kallo na 120°), da haɓaka ingancin fitar da haske.

13. Trends na Ci Gaba

Gabaɗayan yanayin fasahar SMD LED yana ci gaba zuwa mafi girman ingancin haske (ƙarin fitowar haske a kowace watt na lantarki), ingantaccen daidaiton launi da jikewa, da ƙarin ƙarancin girma. Hakanan ana mai da hankali kan haɓaka dogaro a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki mafi girma na zafin jiki da yawan igiya. Ana inganta hanyoyin samarwa don matsananciyar haƙuri da ƙarin yawan amfanin ƙasa. Tuƙin ingantaccen amfani da makamashi da yaduwar na'urorin IoT da na hannu suna tabbatar da ci gaba da buƙatar dogaro, ƙanƙanta, da manyan fitattun alamun LED kamar wannan ɓangaren.