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Bayanin SMD LED AlInGaP Mai Launin Raya - Girman Kunshin - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 1.7-2.5V - Ƙarfin Haske 140-450mcd - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

Takardar bayanan fasaha don SMD LED AlInGaP mai launin rawaya. Ya haɗa da cikakkun ƙayyadaddun bayanai, ƙima, bayanan rarrabawa, girman kunshi, da jagororin aikace-aikace.
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Gida » Takaddun » Bayanin SMD LED AlInGaP Mai Launin Raya - Girman Kunshin - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 1.7-2.5V - Ƙarfin Haske 140-450mcd - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

Teburin Abubuwan Ciki

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na na'urar haske mai haɗawa da allo (SMD LED) wacce ke amfani da kayan semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) don samar da hasken rawaya. An ƙera SMD LED don tsarin haɗa allon da'ira (PCB) ta atomatik, suna ba da ƙaramin siffa wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari. Babban aikinsu shine zama alamun matsayi, fitilun sigina, ko kuma hasken baya na gaban allon a cikin kayan lantarki iri-iri.

1.1 Siffofi

1.2 Aikace-aikace

Wannan LED ya dace da tsarin lantarki daban-daban waɗanda ke buƙatar alamun gani masu dogaro. Manyan wuraren aikace-aikace sun haɗa da kayayyakin sadarwa, kayan aikin sarrafa ofis (firinta, na'urorin sikan), kayan amfanin gida, da allunan sarrafa masana'antu. Amfani da shi na musamman ya haɗa da nuna matsayi (kunna wutar lantarki, jiran aiki, aiki), hasken alama, da hasken baya don nunin gaban allo ko rubutu.

2. Cikakken Fahimtar Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙarfafawa

Waɗannan ƙimomi suna wakiltar iyakokin damuwa waɗanda bayan su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba. Duk ƙima an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki & Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na yau da kullun na aiki da aka auna a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C, IF=20mA sai dai idan an lura).

. Bin Rank System Explanation

To ensure color and brightness consistency in production, LEDs are sorted (binned) based on key parameters. This allows designers to select parts matching specific application requirements.

.1 Luminous Intensity (IV) Rank

LEDs are categorized into bins based on their measured luminous intensity at 20mA. The tolerance within each bin is +/-11%.

.2 Dominant Wavelength (WD) Rank

LEDs are also binned by their dominant wavelength to control color hue. The tolerance for each bin is +/- 1 nm.

A complete part number typically includes these bin codes to specify both brightness and color.

. Performance Curve Analysis

While specific graphical data is referenced in the datasheet, the following interpretations are based on standard LED behavior and the provided parameters.

.1 Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage (I-V Curve)

The forward voltage (VF) has a positive temperature coefficient and increases logarithmically with current. The specified VFrange of 1.7V to 2.5V at 20mA is typical for yellow AlInGaP LEDs. Driving the LED at a constant current, rather than a constant voltage, is essential for stable light output.

.2 Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current

The light output (IV) is approximately proportional to the forward current (IF) within the recommended operating range. However, efficiency may drop at very high currents due to increased heat. The absolute maximum DC current is 30mA.

.3 Temperature Characteristics

The luminous intensity of AlInGaP LEDs generally decreases as the junction temperature increases. For reliable performance across the -40°C to +100°C operating range, thermal management on the PCB (adequate copper area for heat sinking) should be considered, especially when operating near maximum current or in high ambient temperatures.

.4 Spectral Distribution

The spectral output is centered around the peak wavelength of 592nm (yellow) with a typical half-width of 15nm. The dominant wavelength binning ensures the perceived color remains within a tight tolerance.

. Mechanical & Packaging Information

.1 Package Dimensions

The LED comes in a standard SMD package. Key dimensional notes include: all dimensions are in millimeters, and the general tolerance is ±0.2 mm unless otherwise specified. The lens color is clear, and the source color is yellow (AlInGaP).

.2 Polarity Identification & Pad Design

The component has anode and cathode terminals. The recommended PCB attachment pad layout for infrared or vapor phase reflow soldering is provided to ensure proper solder joint formation and mechanical stability. Correct polarity orientation during assembly is crucial for device operation.

.3 Tape and Reel Packaging

The LEDs are supplied on 8mm wide embossed carrier tape, sealed with a cover tape. The tape is wound onto 7-inch (178mm) diameter reels. Standard reel quantity is 5000 pieces. Packaging follows ANSI/EIA-481 specifications. A minimum order quantity of 500 pieces is available for remnants.

. Soldering & Assembly Guidelines

.1 Recommended IR Reflow Profile

For lead-free soldering processes, the profile should comply with J-STD-020B. Key parameters include a preheat zone (150-200°C, max 120 sec), a peak temperature not exceeding 260°C, and a time above liquidus (TAL) appropriate for the solder paste. The total time at peak temperature should be limited to 10 seconds maximum, and reflow should be performed a maximum of two times.

.2 Hand Soldering

If hand soldering is necessary, use a soldering iron with a temperature not exceeding 300°C. The contact time should be limited to 3 seconds maximum, and it should be performed only once to prevent thermal damage to the plastic package and the semiconductor die.

.3 Storage Conditions

Sealed Bag:Store at ≤30°C and ≤70% Relative Humidity (RH). The shelf life in the sealed moisture barrier bag with desiccant is one year.
After Bag Opening:The components have a Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) of 3. They must be subjected to IR reflow soldering within 168 hours (7 days) of being exposed to an environment of ≤30°C/60% RH. For longer storage after opening, store in a sealed container with desiccant or in a nitrogen-purged desiccator. Components exposed beyond 168 hours require baking at approximately 60°C for at least 48 hours before soldering to remove absorbed moisture and prevent \"popcorning\" during reflow.

.4 Cleaning

If cleaning after soldering is required, use only specified solvents. Immerse the LED in ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol at normal temperature for less than one minute. Do not use ultrasonic cleaning or unspecified chemical liquids, as they may damage the epoxy lens or package.

. Application Suggestions

.1 Typical Application Circuits

An LED is a current-driven device. To ensure consistent brightness, especially when driving multiple LEDs in parallel, always use a current-limiting resistor in series with each LED or each parallel string. The resistor value (R) can be calculated using Ohm's Law: R = (Vsupply- VF) / IF, where VFis the forward voltage of the LED at the desired current IF(e.g., 20mA). Using the maximum VFfrom the datasheet (2.5V) in the calculation will guarantee the current does not exceed the target even with part-to-part variation.

.2 Design Considerations

.3 Intended Use & Limitations

This LED is designed for use in ordinary electronic equipment. It is not rated for applications where failure could directly jeopardize life or health, such as in aviation, transportation control, medical life-support systems, or critical safety devices. For such applications, consult with the manufacturer for components with appropriate reliability qualifications.

. Technical Comparison & Differentiation

This Yellow AlInGaP LED offers a balance of performance characteristics. Compared to older technology yellow LEDs (e.g., based on GaAsP), AlInGaP provides higher luminous efficiency, resulting in brighter output for the same drive current, and better color purity (narrower spectral width). The wide 120° viewing angle is a key differentiator from \"water clear\" lens LEDs that have a much narrower beam, making this part ideal for applications where the indicator needs to be seen from a wide range of angles without additional diffusers. The MSL 3 rating and compatibility with standard lead-free reflow profiles make it a robust choice for modern, high-volume SMT assembly lines.

. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)

.1 What resistor should I use with a 5V supply?

Using the maximum VFof 2.5V and a target IFof 20mA: R = (5V - 2.5V) / 0.02A = 125 Ohms. The nearest standard value of 120 Ohms or 130 Ohms would be suitable. The power rating of the resistor should be at least P = I2R = (0.02)2* 120 = 0.048W, so a standard 1/8W (0.125W) or 1/10W resistor is sufficient.

.2 Can I drive this LED at 30mA continuously?

Yes, 30mA is the maximum recommended DC forward current. However, operating at the absolute maximum rating may reduce long-term reliability and increase junction temperature, which can decrease light output. For optimal lifespan and stability, driving at 20mA or lower is advisable if the luminous intensity meets the application requirement.

.3 What does \"Bin Code\" mean when ordering?

The bin code specifies the guaranteed minimum and maximum for luminous intensity (e.g., T1: 280-355 mcd) and dominant wavelength (e.g., K: 591.0-593.5 nm). Specifying bin codes ensures you receive LEDs with consistent brightness and color from order to order, which is critical for multi-indicator panels or products where visual uniformity is important.

.4 How long can I leave these LEDs on the bench after opening the bag?

For reliable soldering, you have 168 hours (7 days) at factory floor conditions (≤30°C/60% RH) after opening the moisture-sealed bag. If this time is exceeded, the LEDs must be baked at 60°C for 48 hours before attempting reflow soldering to prevent internal package damage from rapid moisture vaporization.

. Practical Use Case

Scenario: Designing a status indicator panel for a network router.The panel requires 10 yellow LEDs to show link activity and system status. To ensure uniform appearance, the designer selects LEDs from the same intensity bin (e.g., S2: 224-280 mcd) and wavelength bin (e.g., J: 588.5-591.0 nm). Each LED is driven by a GPIO pin of a microcontroller via a 120-ohm current-limiting resistor to a 3.3V rail, resulting in a forward current of approximately ((3.3V - 2.1V typical)/120Ω) ≈ 10mA, which provides sufficient brightness while conserving power. The wide 120° viewing angle ensures the indicators are visible from anywhere in front of the device. The PCB layout includes the recommended solder pad footprint and is designed for assembly using a standard lead-free reflow profile with a peak temperature of 250°C.

. Principle Introduction

This LED is based on Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) semiconductor technology. When a forward voltage is applied across the p-n junction, electrons and holes are injected into the active region where they recombine. The energy released during this recombination is emitted as photons (light). The specific composition of the AlInGaP alloy determines the bandgap energy, which in turn defines the wavelength (color) of the emitted light—in this case, yellow (~592 nm). The clear epoxy lens encapsulates the semiconductor die, provides mechanical protection, and shapes the light output pattern to achieve the specified 120° viewing angle.

. Development Trends

The general trend in SMD indicator LEDs continues toward higher luminous efficacy (more light output per unit of electrical input), enabling lower power consumption for the same brightness. Package sizes are also miniaturizing further, allowing for denser indicator arrays. There is a growing emphasis on tighter binning tolerances for both color and intensity to meet the demands of consumer electronics where visual consistency is paramount. Furthermore, compatibility with increasingly stringent environmental regulations (beyond RoHS, such as REACH) and the ability to withstand higher temperature lead-free soldering profiles remain key development drivers. The technology is mature, with incremental improvements focused on manufacturing yield, cost reduction, and reliability under harsh conditions.

Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED

Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED

Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki

Kalma Naúrar/Wakilci Bayanin Sauri Me yasa yake da muhimmanci
Ingancin Hasken Wuta lm/W (lumen kowace watt) Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki.
Gudun Hasken Wuta lm (lumen) Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai.
Kusurwar Dubawa ° (digiri), misali 120° Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito.
Zafin Launi (CCT) K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace.
CI / Ra Ba naúrar, 0–100 Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi.
SDCM Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya.
Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya.
Rarraba Bakan Hasken Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi.

Ma'auni na Lantarki

Kalma Alamar Bayanin Sauri Abubuwan ƙira
Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba Vf Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere.
Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba If Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai.
Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini Ifp Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa.
Ƙarfin lantarki na baya Vr Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki.
Juriya na zafi Rth (°C/W) Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi.
Rigakafin ESD V (HBM), misali 1000V Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali.

Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa

Kalma Ma'aunin maɓalli Bayanin Sauri Tasiri
Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa Tj (°C) Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi.
Ragewar Lumen L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED.
Kula da Lumen % (misali 70%) Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci.
Canjin Launi Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa.
Tsufa na Zafi Lalacewar kayan aiki Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye.

Tufafi & Kayan Aiki

Kalma Nau'ikan gama gari Bayanin Sauri Siffofi & Aikace-aikace
Nau'in Kunshin EMC, PPA, Yumbu Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai.
Tsarin Guntu Gaba, Guntu Juyawa Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi.
Rufin Phosphor YAG, Silicate, Nitride Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI.
Ruwan tabarau/Optics Lefi, Microlens, TIR Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske.

Kula da Inganci & Rarraba

Kalma Abun rarraba Bayanin Sauri Manufa
Kwalin Gudun Hasken Lambar misali 2G, 2H An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya.
Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki Lambar misali 6W, 6X An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin.
Kwalin Launi Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin.
Kwalin CCT 2700K, 3000K da sauransu An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban.

Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida

Kalma Matsakaicin/Gwaji Bayanin Sauri Muhimmanci
LM-80 Gwajin kula da lumen Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21).
TM-21 Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa.
IESNA Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince.
RoHS / REACH Tabbatarwar muhalli Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya.
ENERGY STAR / DLC Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa.