Takardar Bayanin Fasaha na Fitilar LED ta LTW-1DEEDNJ - Ja/Fari - 20mA - 52/72mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na fitilar LED ta cikin rami, wacce aka gano ta da lambar sashi LTW-1DEEDNJ. Na'urar tana samuwa a cikin manyan bambance-bambancen launi guda biyu: LED ja mai tsayin zango na yau da kullun a kusa da 625nm (fasahar AlInGaP) da LED fari mai tsarin cathode gama gari da ruwan tabarau mai watsawa. LED na cikin rami irin wannan an tsara su ne don nuna matsayi a cikin faɗin aikace-aikacen lantarki, suna ba da sassaucin ƙira ta hanyar zaɓuɓɓukan ƙarfi da kusurwar kallo daban-daban da aka tattara a cikin daidaitattun sifofi na cikin rami.

1.1 Siffofi Masu Muhimmanci da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Ana siffanta fitilar LED da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki da ingantacciyar aiki. Tana bin ka'idojin muhalli, ba ta da gubar, tana bin ka'idodin RoHS, kuma ba ta da halogen (tare da iyakoki ga abun ciki na Chlorine da Bromine). Manyan aikace-aikacenta sun haɗa da kayan aikin sadarwa, kwamfutoci, kayan lantarki na masu amfani, da kayan amfani na gida inda ake buƙatar ingantaccen nuni na gani mai haske.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa

2.1 Madaidaicin Iyakoki na Gabaɗaya

An ƙayyade duk ma'auni a yanayin zafin yanayi (TA) na 25°C. Wucewa waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):Ja: 52 mW matsakaici; Fari: 72 mW matsakaici. Wannan ma'auni yana ayyana matsakaicin wutar lantarki da LED zata iya watsawa azaman zafi a ƙarƙashin aiki na ci gaba.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (IF):Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na DC na ci gaba (IF) shine 20 mA ga duka launuka biyu. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na 60 mA yana yiwuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (duty cycle ≤ 1/10, faɗin bugun ≤ 10ms).
• Yankunan Zafin Jiki:Aiki: -30°C zuwa +85°C; Ajiya: -40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Zafin Solder:Tushen na iya jurewa 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 5 lokacin da aka auna 2.0mm daga jikin LED.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani

An auna a TA=25°C da matsakaicin gwajin gwaji (IF) na 20mA.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):Ja: 110-310 mcd (na yau da kullun 180 mcd); Fari: 520-2500 mcd (na yau da kullun 1500 mcd). Ana auna ƙarfin bisa lanƙwasar amsawar ido ta CIE, tare da tabbataccen iyakar gwaji na ±15%.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ1/2):Kimanin digiri 60 ga duka bambance-bambancen ja da fari, yana nuna ƙaramin haske mai faɗi.
• Tsayin Zango Mai Rinjaye (λd):Ga LED ja: 618-630 nm (na yau da kullun 624 nm).
• Ma'auni na Launi:Ga LED fari, ma'auni na yau da kullun sune x=0.26, y=0.24.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Ja: 1.6-2.6 V (na yau da kullun 2.1 V); Fari: 2.6-3.6 V (na yau da kullun 3.1 V).
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 10 μA a ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V. Ba a tsara na'urar don aiki na baya ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa kwandon aiki bisa mahimman ma'auni na gani don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin rukunin samarwa.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken

• LED Ja:Kwandon FG (110-180 mcd) da HJ (180-310 mcd).
• LED Fari:Kwandon MN (520-880 mcd), PQ (880-1500 mcd), da RS (1500-2500 mcd).

Iyakar kowane kwandon shine ±15%.

3.2 Rarrabawar Tsayin Zango da Launi

• Tsayin Zango Mai Rinjaye (Ja):Kwandon R1 guda ɗaya ya ƙunshi 618-630 nm, tare da iyakar ±1nm akan iyakoki.
• Launi (Fari):An ayyana shi ta matsayi na launi G1 da H1, yana ƙayyadadden yanki mai siffar huɗu akan zanen launi na CIE 1931. Izinin aunawa don ma'auni na launi shine ±0.01.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanin tana nufin lanƙwasan halaye na yau da kullun (wanda aka nuna a shafi na 4/10). Waɗannan lanƙwasan za su nuna alaƙa tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (IF) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF), dogaro da zafin jiki na ƙarfin haske, da rarraba ƙarfin haske na gani. Bincika irin waɗannan lanƙwasan yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi marasa daidaito, kamar ƙarfin lantarki na tuƙi daban-daban ko zafin yanayi, waɗanda ke shafar ƙarfin fitarwa da raguwar ƙarfin lantarki.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Tattarawa

5.1 Girman Bayyani da Bayanan Kula

LED tana da daidaitaccen fakitin tushe na radial. Muhimman bayanan girma sun haɗa da: duk girma a cikin mm (inci), iyakar gabaɗaya na ±0.25mm, matsakaicin tsawaita resin a ƙarƙashin flange na 1.0mm, da tazarar tushe da aka auna a wurin fita na fakitin. An ba da cikakken zanen girma a cikin takardar asali.

5.2 Gano Polarity

Sigar LED fari tana amfani da tsarin cathode gama gari. Tushen da ya fi tsayi yawanci yana nuna anode. Dole ne masu amfani su tuntubi cikakken zanen injiniya don tabbataccen ganewar polarity bisa tsarin guntu na ciki da ƙirar firam ɗin tushe.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

Ya kamata a adana LED ɗin a ƙasa da 30°C da 70% zafi na yanayi. Idan an cire su daga jakar shinge na asali na danshi, ya kamata a yi amfani da su cikin watanni uku. Don ajiya mai tsayi, yi amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da busassun abu ko yanayin nitrogen.

6.2 Siffantar Tushe

Dole ne lanƙwasa ta faru aƙalla 3mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau na LED. Kada a yi amfani da gindin firam ɗin tushe azaman maƙarƙashiya. Dole ne a yi siffantar a zafin jiki na daki, kafin solder. Yi amfani da ƙaramin ƙarfi na klinch yayin haɗin PCB.

6.3 Tsarin Solder

Dole ne a kiyaye mafi ƙaramin tsabta na 2mm tsakanin wurin solder da gindin ruwan tabarau. Kada a nutsar da ruwan tabarau cikin solder.

• Ƙarfe na Solder:Matsakaicin zafin jiki 350°C, matsakaicin lokaci dakika 3 kowace tushe (sau ɗaya kawai).
• Solder Wave:Pre-heat matsakaicin 100°C na 60s matsakaici; solder wave matsakaicin 260°C na 5s matsakaici.

Gargadi:Yawan zafi ko lokaci na iya canza siffar ruwan tabarau ko haifar da gazawar bala'i. IR reflow bai dace da wannan samfurin cikin rami ba.

6.4 Tsaftacewa

Idan ya cancanta, tsaftace kawai da masu narkewa na barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol.

7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda

Daidaitaccen ƙayyadaddun tattarawa shine kamar haka: 500, 200, ko 100 guda a kowace jakar anti-static. Ana tattara jakunkuna goma a cikin akwatin ciki (Jimlar 5,000). Ana tattara akwatuna takwas na ciki a cikin akwatin jigilar kaya na waje (Jimlar 40,000). Tattarawar ƙarshe a cikin rukunin jigilar kaya na iya zama tattarawa mara cikakke.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED ta dace da alamomin matsayi akan alamun ciki/waje da kayan lantarki na gabaɗaya kamar igiyoyin wutar lantarki, masu sauya hanyoyin sadarwa, kayan sauti da bidiyo na masu amfani, da kayan amfani na gida.

8.2 Ƙirar Da'irar Tuƙi

LED ɗin na'urori ne masu aiki da ƙarfin lantarki. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske lokacin haɗa LED ɗin da yawa a layi daya, yana dashawara mai ƙarfidon amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa a jere tare da kowane LED (Da'ira A). Tuƙi LED ɗin da yawa a layi daya kai tsaye daga tushen ƙarfin lantarki (Da'ira B) ba a ba da shawara saboda bambance-bambance a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na kowane LED (VF), wanda zai haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki, saboda haka, haske.

8.3 Kariya daga Zubar da Lantarki (ESD)

LED ɗin yana da saukin lalacewa daga lantarki ko ƙaruwar wutar lantarki. Ƙoƙarin sarrafawa sun haɗa da amfani da abin wuya na wuya mai ƙasa ko safofin hannu masu hana lantarki, da aiki akan tabarma mai hana lantarki mai ƙasa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da LED ɗin da ba su watsawa ba, ruwan tabarau mai watsawa na sigar fari yana ba da mazugi mai faɗi, mafi daidaito, yana rage wurare masu zafi. Gina mara halogen ya bambanta shi da bayarwa na yau da kullun, yana biyan buƙatun aikace-aikace tare da ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatun muhalli. Haɗin fasahar AlInGaP don ja (wanda ke ba da ingantacciyar aiki da kwanciyar hankali) tare da fari cathode gama gari a cikin lambar sashi guda ɗaya yana ba da sassaucin ƙira.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Tambaya: Shin zan iya tuƙi wannan LED a 30mA don ƙarin haske?

Amsa: A'a. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na DC na ci gaba shine 20mA. Wucewa wannan ma'auni yana haɗarin rage tsawon rayuwar LED ko haifar da gazawar nan take saboda yawan zafi.

Tambaya: Me yasa ake buƙatar resistor na jere ga kowane LED a layi daya?

Amsa: Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) na LED ɗin yana da iyakar samarwa (misali, 2.6-3.6V don fari). Ba tare da resistors ɗin kowane mutum ba, LED ɗin tare da ƙananan VF zai ja ƙarin ƙarfin lantarki da bai dace ba, wanda zai haifar da rashin daidaiton haske da yuwuwar matsin lamba na ƙananan na'urorin VF.

Tambaya: Menene ma'anar "±15% iyakar gwaji" akan ƙarfin haske?

Amsa: Yana nufin cewa ƙimar ƙarfin da aka auna don wani naúri na iya bambanta da ±15% daga ƙimar kwandon da aka bayyana a cikin tebur. Wannan iyakar tsarin aunawa ce, ba ƙarin yadudduka ba.

11. Ƙirar Aiki da Yanayin Amfani

Yanayi:Ƙirar panel tare da alamomin matsayi goma na fari waɗanda ke samun wutar lantarki ta 5V.

Matakan Ƙira:

1. Ƙayyade ƙarfin lantarki na gaba: Yi amfani da na yau da kullun 20mA.

2. Ƙayyade matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) daga takardar bayanin: 3.1V don fari.

3. Ƙididdigar ƙimar resistor na jere: R = (V_supply - VF) / IF = (5V - 3.1V) / 0.020A = 95 Ohms.

4. Ƙididdigar wutar lantarki na resistor: P = (V_supply - VF) * IF = 1.9V * 0.020A = 0.038W. Daidaitaccen 1/8W (0.125W) ko resistor 1/10W ya isa.

5. Mahimmanci:Sanya resistor 95-ohm guda ɗaya a jere tare dakowanedaga cikin LED goma. Kada a raba resistor guda ɗaya tsakanin LED ɗin da yawa.

12. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke fitar da haske lokacin da ƙarfin lantarki ya wuce ta cikin su. Wannan al'amari, wanda ake kira electroluminescence, yana faruwa lokacin da electrons suka sake haɗuwa tare da ramukan electron a cikin na'urar, suna sakin makamashi a cikin siffar photons. Launin hasken yana ƙayyade ta tazarar band na makamashi na kayan semiconductor. LED ja tana amfani da tsarin AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide), yayin da LED fari yawanci tana amfani da guntu InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) shuɗi da aka lulluɓe da Layer phosphor wanda ke canza wasu hasken shuɗi zuwa rawaya da ja, suna haɗuwa don samar da hasken fari.

13. Trends na Masana'antu da Ci gaba

Yayin da na'urorin LED na Surface-mount device (SMD) suka mamaye sabbin ƙira don ƙananan ƙira, LED ɗin cikin rami sun kasance masu dacewa don ƙirar samfuri, kayan koyarwa, kasuwannin gyara, da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar mafi girman haske na maki ɗaya ko sauƙin haɗawa da hannu. Yarjejeniyar a cikin ɓangaren cikin rami ta ci gaba zuwa mafi ingantacciyar aiki (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), ingantaccen daidaiton launi ta hanyar ƙaramin rarrabawa, da faɗaɗa amfani da kayan da suka dace da muhalli kamar mahadi marasa halogen. Bukatar ingantaccen, mafi arha mafita na nuni a cikin sassan masana'antu da masu amfani yana tabbatar da ci gaba da samarwa da haɓaka waɗannan sassa.