Bayanin T20 Series White LED - Nau'in 2016 - 2.0x1.6x1.75mm - 11V Na Yau da Kullun - 0.33W - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

T20 series yana wakiltar madaidaiciyar mafita ta LED farin haske mai inganci wacce aka tsara don aikace-aikacen haske na zamani. Wannan LED na top-view, wanda aka keɓe da girman fakitin 2016, an ƙera shi don ba da haske mai dogaro da inganci. Babban fa'idodinsa sun samo asali ne daga ƙirar fakitin da aka inganta ta fuskar zafi, wanda ke sauƙaƙe mafi kyawun kawar da zafi, yana ba da damar aikin igiyar ruwa mafi girma da ci gaba da fitar da haske. Ana siffanta na'urar da kusurwar gani mai faɗi, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar rarraba haske mai faɗi. Ya cika cikakke tare da hanyoyin reflow soldering marasa gubar kuma ya bi ka'idojin muhalli na RoHS, yana tabbatar da dacewa da buƙatun masana'antu na zamani da ƙa'idodin duniya.

Kasuwarmar da aka yi niyya don wannan LED ta bambanta, ta ƙunshi sassan haske na kasuwanci da na gida. Aikace-aikacensa na farko sun haɗa da kayan haske na cikin gida, mafita don maye gurbin hanyoyin haske na gargajiya, hasken yanayi gabaɗaya, da hasken gine-gine ko na ado inda duka aiki da siffar siffa suke da mahimmanci.

2. Zurfin Binciken Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

An ayyana ainihin aikin LED a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na igiyar ruwa mai gaba (IF) na 30mA da zafin jiki (Tj) na 25°C. Fitowar haske tana bambanta tare da Yanayin Launi Mai Alaka (CCT). Misali, LED 2700K (farin haske mai dumi) yana ba da haske na yau da kullun na lumens 34.5 tare da mafi ƙarancin lumens 32, yayin da CCTs masu sanyi kamar 4000K, 5000K, 5700K, da 6500K ke ba da fitarwa mafi girma na yau da kullun na lumens 36.5 (mafi ƙarancin lumens 34). Duk bambance-bambancen suna riƙe da babban ma'aunin nuna launi (CRI) na Ra80, yana tabbatar da ingantaccen amincin launi. Haƙuri don auna haske shine ±7%, kuma haƙurin CRI shine ±2.

Na'urar tana da kusurwar gani (2θ1/2) mai faɗi sosai na digiri 120, yana ba da tsarin fitar da haske mai faɗi da daidaito wanda ya dace da hasken yanki.

2.2 Sigogi na Lantarki

Ƙarfin lantarki mai gaba (VF) a 30mA yawanci 11V ne, tare da kewayon daga 9.5V zuwa 12V, da haƙurin auna na ±0.3V. Matsakaicin ƙididdiga na cikakke yana ayyana iyakokin aiki: ci gaba da igiyar ruwa mai gaba (IF) na 40mA, igiyar ruwa mai gaba mai bugun jini (IFP) na 60mA (ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayin bugun jini), da matsakaicin raguwar wutar lantarki (PD) na 440mW. Ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) yana iyakance zuwa 5V. Dole ne a kula kada a wuce waɗannan ƙididdiga don tabbatar da dogon lokaci na dogaro.

2.3 Halayen Zafi

Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci ga aikin LED da tsawon rayuwa. Ana ƙayyadadden juriyar zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder (Rth j-sp) a matsayin 40°C/W ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji. Matsakaicin zafin jiki (Tj) shine 120°C. An ƙididdige na'urar don kewayon zafin aiki (Topr) na -40°C zuwa +105°C. Lankwasa raguwa (Fig. 8) yana bayyana a sarari yadda dole ne a rage izinin igiyar ruwa mai gaba yayin da zafin yanayi ke ƙaruwa don hana yin zafi da gazawar da ba ta daɗe ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

3.1 Binning na Haske

Ana rarraba LEDs zuwa kwandon haske don tabbatar da daidaito. Misali, LED 4000K tare da Ra80 ana iya samun su a cikin kwandon E1 (34-36 lm), E2 (36-38 lm), da E3 (38-42 lm). Lambar kwandon (misali, D9, E1, E2) wani ɓangare ne na tsarin lambar sashi kuma yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LEDs tare da matakan fitarwa daidai don aikace-aikacensu.

3.2 Binning na Ƙarfin Lantarki Mai Gaba

Hakazalika, ana tattara ƙarfin lantarki mai gaba don taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'ira, musamman don tuka LEDs da yawa a jere. Kwandon da ake samu sun haɗa da 1C (8-9V), 1D (9-10V), da 5X (10-12V). Zaɓin LEDs daga kwandon ƙarfin lantarki iri ɗaya na iya taimakawa wajen samun mafi daidaitaccen rarraba igiyar ruwa.

3.3 Binning na Launi

Ana sarrafa daidaiton launi sosai ta amfani da zane na launi na CIE 1931. Kowane CCT (misali, 2700K, 3000K) an ayyana shi ta hanyar daidaitaccen ma'auni na tsakiya (x, y) da ellipse na haƙuri. Ƙayyadaddun yana faɗin cewa matsayin launi yana cikin ellipse na MacAdam mai mataki 5, wanda shine ma'auni don ayyana bambance-bambancen launi da ake iya gani. Ana amfani da ƙa'idodin binning na Energy Star a cikin kewayon 2600K zuwa 7000K, yana tabbatar da cewa LEDs sun cika ƙa'idodin daidaiton launi don samfuran haske masu inganci.

4. Binciken Lankwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanai tana ba da jadawali da yawa masu mahimmanci don fahimtar aiki ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

Relative Intensity vs. Forward Current (Fig. 3): This curve shows how light output increases with current. It is typically non-linear, and operating beyond the recommended current can lead to efficiency droop and accelerated degradation.

Forward Voltage vs. Forward Current (Fig. 4): This IV characteristic curve is essential for designing the driver circuit. It shows the relationship between the voltage across the LED and the current flowing through it.

Relative Luminous Flux vs. Ambient Temperature (Fig. 5): This graph demonstrates the negative impact of rising temperature on light output. As the ambient (and consequently junction) temperature increases, the luminous flux decreases. This underscores the importance of effective thermal design.

Relative Forward Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature (Fig. 6): The forward voltage has a negative temperature coefficient, meaning it decreases slightly as temperature rises. This can be a factor in constant-current driver design.

Chromaticity Shift vs. Ambient Temperature (Fig. 7): This plot is critical for color-sensitive applications. It shows how the x and y color coordinates drift with changes in temperature, which is vital information for maintaining color consistency in varying environments.

Color Spectrum (Fig. 1): This graph displays the spectral power distribution of the emitted white light, which is a combination of the blue LED chip and the phosphor coating. It helps in understanding the color quality and potential applications.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

LED yana amfani da fakitin 2016, tare da girma na 2.0mm a tsawon, 1.6mm a faɗin, da tsayi na 1.75mm. Zanen fakitin yana ba da ra'ayi na ƙasa wanda ke nuna tsarin kushin soldering. An nuna bayanin polarity a sarari: an yiwa cathode alama. Haƙurin girma, sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka, shine ±0.1mm. Wannan ƙaramin girman yana ba da damar shimfidar PCB mai yawan gaske, yana sa ya dace da kayan haske masu siriri.

6. Jagororin Soldering da Haɗawa

An ƙera na'urar don hanyoyin reflow soldering. An ba da cikakken bayanin reflow tare da takamaiman sigogi: Ƙimar haɓaka daga zafin jiki na ruwa (TL=217°C) zuwa matsakaicin zafin jiki (Tp=260°C matsakaicin) bai kamata ya wuce 3°C/daƙiƙa ba. Lokacin da aka kiyaye sama da TL (tL) ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin daƙiƙa 60 zuwa 150. Matsakaicin zafin jikin fakitin bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba, kuma lokacin da ke cikin 5°C na wannan kololuwar (tp) ya kamata ya zama matsakaicin daƙiƙa 30. Ƙimar saukowa ya kamata ya zama matsakaicin 6°C/daƙiƙa. Jimlar lokaci daga 25°C zuwa matsakaicin zafin jiki bai kamata ya wuce mintuna 8 ba. Yin bin wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don hana lalacewar zafi ga fakitin LED, haɗin solder, da kayan haɗin gwiwa na ciki.

7. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

Tsarin lambar sashi yana da cikakke, yana ba da damar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Samfurin shine T20**811A-*****. Tsarin lamba ya rabu kamar haka: X1 yana nuna lambar nau'in (20 don fakitin 2016). X2 shine lambar CCT (misali, 27 don 2700K). X3 shine ma'aunin nuna launi (8 don Ra80). X4 da X5 suna nuna adadin guntu na jere da a layi daya, bi da bi. X6 lambar kayan aiki ce. X7 lambar launi ce da ke ayyana takamaiman matakan aiki (misali, M don ma'aunin ANSI). X8, X9, da X10 suna don lambobin ciki da na ajiya. Wannan tsarin yana ba masu amfani damar yin odar ainihin bambancin LED da ake buƙata don ƙirar su.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Kamar yadda aka jera, aikace-aikacen farko sune hasken cikin gida, gyare-gyare, haske gabaɗaya, da hasken gine-gine/na ado. Fitowarsa mai yawa da kusurwar faɗi suna sa shi mai kyau ga fitilun ƙasa, fitilun panel, fitilun bututu, da ɗigon kayan ado. Kusurwar katako na digiri 120 tana da fa'ida musamman ga kayan aikin da ke buƙatar ɗaukar haske mai faɗi ba tare da wuraren zafi ba.

8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

Thermal Management: Given the thermal resistance of 40°C/W, proper heat sinking is mandatory, especially when operating at or near the maximum current. The PCB should be designed with adequate thermal vias and possibly connected to a metal core or heatsink to maintain a low junction temperature.

Electrical Driving: A constant current driver is recommended to ensure stable light output and color over the LED's lifetime. The driver should be selected based on the forward voltage bin and the required operating current, ensuring it does not exceed the absolute maximum ratings. The derating curve must be consulted for high-temperature environments.

Optical Design: The top-view nature and wide beam angle may require secondary optics (lenses or diffusers) if a specific beam pattern or glare control is needed.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambanci

Idan aka kwatanta da matsakaicin ƙarfin LED na tsakiya, fakitin T20/2016 yana ba da daidaito tsakanin ƙaramin girman da kyakkyawan aikin zafi saboda ƙirar sa da aka inganta ta fuskar zafi. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai gaba na 11V a 30mA yana nuna cewa yana iya ƙunsar da yawa tsarin guntu a ciki. Faɗin kusurwar gani na digiri 120 shine babban abin banbancewa daga LEDs tare da katako mai ƙunci, yana sa ya fi dacewa da haske gabaɗaya maimakon hasken haske. Bin ellipse na MacAdam mai mataki 5 da binning na Energy Star ya sanya shi cikin rukuni mai mai da hankali kan daidaiton launi mai girma, wanda ke da fa'ida mai mahimmanci akan LEDs tare da haƙuri mai sako-sako da launi.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: What is the actual power consumption of this LED?
A: At the typical operating condition of 30mA and 11V, the power consumption is 0.33W (30mA * 11V = 330mW). This is below the maximum power dissipation rating of 440mW.

Q: Can I drive this LED with a 12V supply?
A: Not directly. The LED requires a constant current driver, not a constant voltage supply. Connecting it directly to a 12V source would likely cause excessive current flow, exceeding the absolute maximum rating and destroying the LED. A driver circuit that regulates current to 30mA (or another desired level within spec) must be used.

Q: How does temperature affect the light output?
A: As shown in Fig. 5, light output decreases as ambient temperature rises. Effective heat sinking is crucial to maintain high luminous flux and long life.

Q: What does "5-step MacAdam ellipse" mean for my application?
A: It means the LEDs are binned so tightly that the color difference between any two LEDs in the same bin is virtually imperceptible to the human eye under standard viewing conditions. This is essential for applications where color uniformity across multiple LEDs is critical, such as in panel lights or linear fixtures.

11. Ƙira na Aiki da Lamarin Amfani

Yi la'akari da ƙirar gyaran fitilar LED ta bututu don maye gurbin bututun fluorescent T8 na gargajiya. Ƙira ta yau da kullun na iya amfani da guntu 120 na wannan T20 LED da aka jera a layi akan PCB mai tushen ƙarfe (MCPCB). Ganin faɗin kusurwar gani na digiri 120, rarraba haske zai yi kyau sosai don hasken ofis gabaɗaya. Mai zane zai zaɓi LEDs daga kwandon haske da ƙarfin lantarki iri ɗaya (misali, E2 da 5X) don tabbatar da daidaiton haske da raba igiyar ruwa. Za a haɗa MCPCB zuwa ginin aluminum wanda ke aiki azaman mai sanyaya zafi. Za a ƙera direba mai ci gaba da igiyar ruwa don samar da kusan 30mA kowace jerin LED, yana la'akari da jimillar ƙarfin lantarki mai gaba na LEDs masu haɗin kai. Za a bi bayanin reflow soldering sosai yayin haɗawa. Wannan saitin zai yi amfani da ingancin LED mai girma, tsawon rayuwa, da kyakkyawan nuna launi don ƙirƙirar samfurin haske mai ceton makamashi, mai inganci.

12. Gabatar da Ka'idar Aiki

LED farin haske yana aiki bisa ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin kayan semiconductor, haɗe da jujjuyawar phosphor. Tushen shine guntun semiconductor, yawanci an yi shi da indium gallium nitride (InGaN), wanda ke fitar da hasken shuɗi lokacin da aka yi amfani da igiyar ruwa mai gaba. Wannan hasken shuɗi sai ya bugi wani Layer na phosphor coating (sau da yawa bisa yttrium aluminum garnet ko YAG) da aka ajiye akan ko kewaye da guntun. Phosphor yana ɗaukar wani ɓangare na hasken shuɗi kuma ya sake fitar da shi azaman hasken rawaya. Haɗuwar sauran hasken shuɗi da hasken rawaya da aka fitar idon ɗan adam yana ganinsa azaman farin haske. Ainihin inuwar farin (CCT) ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar abun da ke ciki da kauri na Layer phosphor. Ana samun faɗin kusurwar gani ta hanyar ƙirar fakitin da kuma yaduwar haske ta hanyar ruwan tabarau mai ɗauke da shi.

13. Trends na Fasaha da Ci gaba

Masana'antar haske na ci gaba da turawa don mafi girman tasiri (lumens a kowace watt), ingantaccen ingancin launi (mafi girman ƙimar CRI da R9), da ingantaccen dogaro. Trends sun haɗa da haɓaka sabbin kayan phosphor don ƙarin fitarwa ja (inganta CRI R9), amfani da ƙirar phosphor mai nisa don mafi kyawun daidaiton launi da sarrafa zafi, da haɗa fasahar fakitin sikelin guntu (CSP) don ƙananan siffofi. Bugu da ƙari, ana ƙara mai da hankali kan haske mai hankali, yana buƙatar LEDs waɗanda za a iya rage haske da sarrafa su ta hanyar ƙa'idodi kamar DALI ko Zigbee. T20 series, tare da fakitin sa da aka inganta ta fuskar zafi da binning mai daidaito, ya yi daidai da buƙatun masana'antu don abubuwan da suka dogara, masu inganci waɗanda suka zama tushen duka tsarin haske na asali da na ci gaba. Ƙaura zuwa hasken da ya dace da ɗan adam (HCL), wanda ke daidaita launin haske da ƙarfi don tallafawa yanayin circadian, shima ya dogara da kwanciyar hankali da aikin LED na annabta kamar waɗanda ke cikin wannan jerin.