Bayanin LED - 3.0x1.4x0.52mm - 2.8-3.3V - Fari - 0.66W - Takardar Fasaha

1. Bayani Game da Samfur

Wannan takardar fasaha ta cika bayani game da sigogin babban fitilar LED fari wanda aka tsara da farko don tsarin fitila na mota. Samfurin yana amfani da katafaren shunayya wanda ya hade da tsarin sauya phosphor don samar da hasken fari, yana ba da mafita mai karfi ga muhallai masu bukata.

1.1 Bayanin Gaba-daya

LED na'urar da aka yi da fasinjan SMD ne ta amfani da kullin kayan gyaran gini EMC. Wannan kayan kulli yana ba da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na zafi da juriya ga matsalolin muhalli idan aka kwatanta da robobi na gargajiya, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen mota. Fasahar ainihin ta kunshi katafaren shunayyar shunayyar shuɗi wanda ke tada tazarar phosphor mai rawaya, wanda ke haifar da fitar da hasken fari. Madaidaicin ƙafar zahiri ya auna tsawon 3.00mm, faɗin 1.40mm, da tsayin 0.52mm, yana mai da shi dacewa don ƙirar da ke da matsanancin sarari.

1.2 Siffofi da Fa'idodin Ainihi

• Kullin EMC:Yana ba da ingantaccen watsawar zafi, amincin dogon lokaci a yanayin yanayin zafi mai girma, da mafi kyawun juriya ga danshi da hasken ultraviolet (UV).
• Kusurwar Dubawa Mai Fadi Matuƙa:Yana da matsakaicin rabin ƙarfin kusurwa (2θ1/2) na digiri 120, yana tabbatar da rarraba haske iri ɗaya da kawar da wuraren zafi a cikin tarukan haske.
• Daidaituwar Tsarin SMT:Ya cika daidaitawa da daidaitaccen fasahar haɗaɗɗen saman (SMT) da tsarin tallan sake dawowa, yana ba da damar samar da girma mai yawa, mai sarrafa kansa.
• Hankalin Danshi:An yi la'akari da Matsayin Hankalin Danshi (MSL) 2, yana buƙatar a gasa kayan aikin idan an fallasa shi ga yanayin yanayi fiye da shekara guda kafin sake tallan dawo.
• Daidaituwar Muhalli:Ya bin ka'idar Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hadari (RoHS).
• Ƙwararrun Mota:Gwajin ingancin samfurin yana bin ƙa'idodi masu tsauri na AEC-Q102, ma'aunin gwajin damuwa don matakin kwalayen mota na kwalayen photonic.

1.3 Kasuwar Aikace-Aikace da Nufi

Babban yankin aikace-aikacen wannan LED shine hasken mota. Ƙirarsa mai ƙarfi da sigogin aiki sun sa ya dace dukacikihaske (misali, hasken baya na dashboard, hasken yanayi, hasken canji) dawajeaikace-aikacen haske (misali, fitilun gudanar da rana (DRL), fitilun alamar gefe, fitilun ɗakin ciki, da sauran ayyukan sigina). Daidaituwar AEC-Q102 shine babban alamar dacewarsa ga matsanancin yanayin aiki da ake fuskanta a cikin motoci, gami da faɗuwar zafi da girgiza.

2. Nazarin Cikakken Sigogin Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bayani, fassarar haƙiƙa na mahimman sigogin lantarki, na gani, da na zafi da aka ƙayyade don na'urar, an auna su a daidaitaccen yanayin zafi na solder (Ts) na 25°C.

2.1 Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani

Ma'auni na asali na aiki suna ayyana rufin aiki na LED.

• Farfajiyar Wutar Lantarki (V_F):A gwajin yanzu (I_F) na 140mA, farfajiyar wutar lantarki tana daga mafi ƙanƙanta 2.8V zuwa mafi girma 3.3V, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 3.05V. Wannan sigogi yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar tuƙi, yayin da yake ƙayyade buƙatun wutar lantarki kuma yana rinjayar yanayin tsarin gaba ɗaya. Ma'aunin ma'auni da aka ƙayyade shine ±0.1V.
• Yawan Haske (Φ):An ƙayyade jimillar fitowar hasken da ake iya gani a 140mA tsakanin lumens 45.3 (min) da lumens 61.2 (max). Ana sarrafa wannan faɗin kewayon ta tsarin binning (daki-daki daga baya). Ma'aunin ma'aunin ma'aunin haske shine ±10%, wanda dole ne masu zanen su yi la'akari da shi a lissafin tsarin gani don tabbatar da daidaitaccen fitowar haske a cikin ginshiƙan samarwa.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Matsakaicin ƙimar shine digiri 120. Wannan faffadan kusurwar katako yana da amfani ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar faffadan haske, ko da yaushe maimakon hulɗa mai mai da hankali.
• Juyin Halitta (I_R):Tare da juyin wutar lantarki (V_R) na 5V da aka yi amfani da shi, matsakaicin yawan ruwan zubewa shine 10 μA. Wannan shine ma'aunin kariya na yau da kullun.
• Ingancin Canja wurin Hoto (η_e):Ƙarƙashin yanayin gwajin bugun jini a 25°C, an bayar da ingancin kamar 41%. Wannan ma'auni yana nuna ingancin canza wutar lantarki zuwa ikon gani.

2.2 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙarshe da Halayen Zafi

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su za a iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin. Aiki koyaushe ya kamata ya kasance cikin waɗannan iyakokin.

• Rushewar Wuta (P_D):Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka yarda shine 660 mW. Wuce wannan iyaka yana haifar da haɗarin zafi da ƙara lalacewa.
• Yanzu na Gaba (I_F):Matsakaicin ci gaba da yanzu yana ci gaba da 200 mA.
• Kololuwar Yanzu na Gaba (I_FP):An ba da izinin kololuwar yanzu na 350 mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (wanda aka ƙayyade azaman 1/10 cikakken aikin, faɗin bugun jini 10 ms).
• Yanayin Aiki da Ajiya:Na'urar an yi la'akari da kewayon yanayin yanayi daga -40 °C zuwa +125 °C, wanda ya dace da amfani da mota a duniya.
• Yanayin Junction (T_J):Matsakaicin yanayin zafi da aka yarda a mahadar semiconductor shine 150 °C. Wannan shine iyaka ta ƙarshe don aiki mai inganci.
• Juriya na Thermal (R_th):An ba da ƙimomi biyu:
  • R_{th JS na ainihi}(Junction zuwa wurin Solder, yanayin na ainihi): Yau da kullun 34 °C/W, Max 43 °C/W. Wannan yana wakiltar hanyar zafi a cikin yanayin hawa na zahiri.
  • R_{th JS el}(Junction zuwa wurin Solder, hanyar lantarki): Yau da kullun 20 °C/W, Max 25 °C/W. Wannan ƙima ce da aka auna ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayin gwaji (I_F=140mA, 25°C yanayi).
  Waɗannan ƙimomi suna da mahimmanci don ƙirar sarrafa zafi. Ƙarancin juriya na thermal, mafi yawan zafin da ake fitarwa daga mahadar, yana ba da damar mafi girma tuƙi ko ingantaccen tsawon rai. Dole ne masu zanen su tabbatar cewa ainihin yanayin aiki na junction, wanda aka lissafta ta amfani da waɗannan R_thƙimomi da ikon da aka yi amfani da shi, bai wuce matsakaicin T ba_Jna 150°C.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba Kwandon

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin aikin aikace-aikace, ana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga mahimman sigogi da aka auna yayin samarwa.

3.1 Rarraba Farfajiyar Wutar Lantarki da Yawan Haske

An ba da teburin binning (Tebur 1-3) yana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga manyan sigogi guda biyu a I_F= 140mA.

• Farfajiyar Wutar Lantarki (V_F) Bins:An yiwa alama G1, G2, H1, H2, I1, wanda ya dace da kewayon wutar lantarki daga 2.8-2.9V har zuwa 3.2-3.3V. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar LED ɗin tare da ƙaramin ƙarfin wutar lantarki don da'irori masu tuƙi waɗanda ke buƙatar daidaitaccen daidaitawar wutar lantarki.
• Kwandon Yawan Haske (Φ):An yiwa alama OA, OB, PA, wanda ya dace da kewayon juzu'i daga 45.3-50 lm, 50-55.3 lm, da 55.3-61.2 lm, bi da bi. Zaɓin daga takamaiman kwandon juzu'i yana ba da garantin mafi ƙarancin fitowar hasken da aka sani, wanda ke da mahimmanci don cika buƙatun haske na tsarin haske.

Matrix ɗin binning yana nuna waɗanne haɗin wutar lantarki da kwandon juzu'i ne ake samu (misali, G1-OA, G1-OB, G1-PA, da sauransu). Wannan tsarin yana ba da damar sayan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa tare da hasashe da daidaitaccen aiki, yana rage bambance-bambance a cikin fitowar haske na samfurin ƙarshe da daidaiton launi.

4. Nazarin Lankwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka yi nuni da takamaiman bayanan hoto (Matsakaicin Halayen Halayen Gani), takardar bayanan tana nufin daidaitattun alaƙa waɗanda su ne tushen halayen LED.

4.1 Halin Yanzu da Wutar Lantarki (I-V)

Kamar duk diodes, LED yana nuna alaƙar I-V mai ma'ana. Farfajiyar wutar lantarki tana ƙaruwa da logarithmic tare da halin yanzu. An ƙayyade V_Fa 140mA yana ba da mahimmin wurin aiki. Masu zane ya kamata su yi tsammanin wutar lantarki ta zama ƙasa kaɗan a ƙananan igiyoyi kuma ya fi girma kusa da matsakaicin ƙimar ƙimar halin yanzu.

4.2 Yawan Haske vs. Yanzu na Gaba (Lankwasa L-I)

Fitowar haske gabaɗaya yana daidai da halin yanzu na gaba a cikin kewayon aiki. Duk da haka, inganci (lumens kowace watt) yawanci yana raguwa a manyan igiyoyin masu yawa saboda ƙara samar da zafi (ingancin faduwa). An ƙayyade juzu'in a 140mA shine wurin tunani.

4.3 Yawan Haske vs. Yanayin Junction

Wannan alaƙa ce mai mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen mota. Yayin da yanayin junction (T_J) yana ƙaruwa, fitowar hasken LED yana raguwa. Ana siffanta yawan wannan raguwa ta hanyar coefficient na zafi. Duk da yake ba a bayyana shi a fili a nan ba, faɗin yanayin yanayin aiki (-40 ° C zuwa +125 ° C) yana buƙatar cewa sarrafa zafi a cikin aikace-aikacen dole ne ya sarrafa T_Jdon kiyaye tsayayyen fitowar haske a tsawon rayuwar motar.

4.4 Halayen Spectral da CIE Chromaticity

Samfurin LED fari ne, yana nuna rarraba ikon gani (SPD) wanda ya haɗu da kololuwar shuɗi daga guntun kati da mafi faɗin kololuwar rawaya daga phosphor. An yi nuni da zanen chromaticity na CIE 1931, wanda ke tsara daidaitawar launi (x, y) na hasken fari da aka fitar. Takamaiman yanayin launi da aka yi niyya (misali, sanyi fari, tsaka-tsaki fari) da ƙimar sa da aka yarda (binning) za a iya bayyana su a cikin wannan zane don tabbatar da daidaiton launi tsakanin LED daban-daban a cikin tsari.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Matsakaicin Kunshin da Tolerances

Zanen injiniya ya ƙayyade ainihin ƙafar ƙafa da bayanin martaba. Muhimman girma sun haɗa da girman gaba ɗaya (3.00 x 1.40 x 0.52 mm), tazarar katifar cathode/anode (1.60 mm yau da kullun tsakanin cibiyoyi), da tsayin tsayawa. Duk girma suna cikin millimeters, tare da juriya na gabaɗaya na ±0.2 mm sai dai idan an lura da su.

5.2 Tsarin Kafaffen da aka Ba da Shawara da Tantance Halin

An ba da shirin ƙasa da aka ba da shawara (ƙafar ƙafa) don ƙirar PCB. Wannan tsari yana da mahimmanci don cimma ingantattun haɗin gwiwa da daidaitawar da ta dace yayin dawowa. Takardar ta nuna a fili halin: an keɓance katifar ɗaya don anode (+) ɗayan kuma don cathode (-). Dole ne a kiyaye daidaitaccen halin yayin haɗawa don hana lalata LED.

6. Jagororin Tallace-Tallace da Hawa

6.1 Umarnin Sake yin Solder na SMT

An ƙera LED don daidaitawa da daidaitattun hanyoyin sake yin tallan infrared (IR) ko iska. Yin bin matakin hankalin danshi (MSL 2) shine mafi mahimmanci. Dole ne a adana kayan aikin a cikin kunshin bushewa kuma, idan an buɗe fakitin bushewa ko lokacin fallasa ya wuce iyakar MSL 2 (yawanci shekara 1 a ≤30 ° C / 60% RH), suna buƙatar gasa (misali, a 125 ° C na awa 24) kafin sake dawowa don hana "gyaɗa" ko rabuwa sakamakon saurin ƙafewar danshi.

Siffar sake dawowa ta yau da kullun tare da matsakaicin zafi wanda bai wuce 260 ° C ba (don tallan da ba shi da gubar) gabaɗaya ya dace. Takamaiman lokacin sama da ruwa (TAL) da ƙimar hawan yakamata su bi shawarwarin masana'anta na man talla da iyawar haɗawa na PCB da sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa. Kayan kunshin EMC suna ba da kyakkyawar juriya ga girgiza zafi a wannan tsari.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Odar

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kunshin

Ana ba da samfurin akan tef da reel don haɗawa da zaɓi da wuri mai sarrafa kansa. Cikakkun bayanai sun haɗa da:

• Girman Katin ɗaukar kaya:Ya cika bayani game da girman aljihu da filin wasa don riƙe LED cikin aminci yayin jigilar kaya da sarrafawa.
• Girman Reel:Ya ƙayyade diamita na reel, faɗi, da girman cibiya, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don daidaitawa da kayan aikin wurin SMT.
• Bayanin Alamar:Alamar reel ta ƙunshi mahimman bayanai kamar lambar sashi, yawa, lambar kuri'a, da lambar kwanan wata don gano asali.

7.2 Kunshin da ke da juriya ga Danshi da Na Waje

An kunna abubuwan haɗin gwiwa a cikin jakunkuna na shinge na danshi (MBB) tare da bushewa da katin nuna alama na ɗanɗano don kiyaye matakin MSL 2 yayin ajiya da jigilar kaya. Ana saka waɗannan jakunkuna a cikin akwatunan katako masu dacewa don jigilar kaya da sarrafawa.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-Aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

Dangane da sigogin fasaha, ga mahimman abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su don aiwatar da wannan LED:

• Tuƙi na Yanzu:Yi amfani da da'irar tuƙi na yanzu maimakon tushen wutar lantarki mai ɗorewa. Wannan yana tabbatar da tsayayyen fitowar haske ba tare da bambance-bambance a cikin farfajiyar wutar lantarki (V_F) daga LED zuwa LED ko tare da canjin yanayin zafi.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin abin ƙira guda ɗaya don inganci da aiki. Dole ne a ƙera PCB don yin aiki azaman maƙarƙashiya zafi. Yi amfani da kayan watsa zafi, isasshen yawan jan ƙarfe a ƙarƙashin kuma a kusa da katifar LED, da yuwuwar hanyoyin zafi don canja wurin zafi zuwa cikin yadudduka ko cibiyar ƙarfe. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na tuƙi yakamata a rage shi dangane da juriya na zafi na haɗin PCB don kiyaye T_Jda kyau a ƙasa da 150 ° C.
• Ƙirar Gani:Kusurwar dubawa ta digiri 120 na iya buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau, masu nuna alama) idan ana buƙatar ƙarin katako mai haɗawa. Fadin kusurwa yana da fa'ida ga bangon baya na rarrafe.
• Kariyar ESD:Kodayake na'urar tana da ƙimar ESD na Tsarin Jikin ɗan Adam (HBM) na 8000V, yakamata a bi matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun yayin haɗawa don hana lalacewa a ɓoye.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambanci

Yayin da ba a ba da kwatancen kishiyoyin kai tsaye ba, ana iya fahimta manyan fa'idodin bambance-bambancen wannan samfurin daga cikakkun bayanansa:

• Amincin Matakin Mota (AEC-Q102):Wannan babban bambanci ne daga LED ɗin kasuwanci. Yana nufin gwaji mai tsauri don rayuwar aiki mai zafi (HTOL), yanayin yanayin zafi, juriya ga danshi, da sauran matsalolin da suka shafi yanayin mota.
• Kullin EMC:Yana ba da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na launi na dogon lokaci da juriya ga rawaya / launin ruwan kasa a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai girma da ɗanɗano idan aka kwatanta da kullin filastik na yau da kullun kamar PPA ko PCT.
• Ƙarfin Yanayin Zafi:Matsakaicin yanayin aiki na 125°C da matsakaicin yanayin junction na 150°C sun wuce iyawar yawancin LED na yau da kullun, suna mai da shi dacewa ga wurin da ke ƙarƙashin kaho ko wasu wuraren yanayin zafi.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa Sigogin Fasaha)

10.1 Menene halin yanzu na aiki da aka ba da shawara?

Yayin da matsakaicin ci gaba da yanzu yake ci gaba da 200mA, ana ba da bayanan gwaji da ƙayyadaddun bayanai a 140mA. Wannan shine yiwuwar wurin aiki na ƙididdiga da aka ba da shawara don daidaita fitowar haske, inganci, da aminci na dogon lokaci. Yakamata a ƙayyade ainihin halin yanzu na aiki bisa ga buƙatun lumen da aka buƙata da ingancin tsarin sarrafa zafi.

10.2 Ta yaya zan zaɓi daidai bin don aikace-aikacena?

Idan da'irar tuƙi tana kula da bambancin wutar lantarki (misali, iyakacin resistor na jerin abubuwa masu sauƙi), zaɓi mafi ƙarfin V_Fbin (misali, G1 ko G2). Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske iri ɗaya, ƙayyade kwandon juzu'i (OA, OB, ko PA) wanda ke ba da garantin mafi ƙarancin fitowar haske da ake buƙata. Sau da yawa, ana ƙayyade bin haɗin gwiwa (misali, G1-PA) don sarrafa duka sigogi.

10.3 Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED da batirin mota 12V kai tsaye?

A'a. Haɗa LED kai tsaye zuwa tushen 12V zai haifar da gazawar wuce gona da iri. Dole ne ku yi amfani da da'irar iyakance halin yanzu da ta dace. Wannan na iya zama tuƙi na layi na yanzu, mai daidaitawa mai canzawa (LED tuƙi IC), ko don aikace-aikace masu sauƙi, jerin resistor da aka ƙidaya bisa ga V na LED_Fa halin yanzu da ake so da kuma wutar lantarki, la'akari da sauye-sauyen wutar lantarki a cikin tsarin lantarki na mota.

11. Nazarin Lamuran Aikace-Aikace na Ainihi

11.1 Hasken Yanayi na Ciki na Mota

Ana iya ɗora jerin waɗannan LED ɗin akan PCB mai sassauƙa kuma a sanya shi a bayan wani panel ɗin daftarin ari. Faffadan kusurwar katako na digiri 120 yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen hasken baya na panel ba tare da wuraren duhu ba. Ƙwararrun AEC-Q102 suna tabbatar da cewa fitilu za su jure matsanancin yanayin zafi a cikin motar da aka ajiye a cikin rana ko a cikin yanayin sanyi. Babban fitowar juzu'i yana ba da damar amfani da ƙananan LED don cimma matsakaicin hasken yanayi da ake so.

11.2 Waje Cibiyar Babban-Mount Tsayawa Hasken (CHMSL)

Ana shirya LED ɗin da yawa a cikin layi ko tsari. Haskensu mai girma da saurin kunna lokaci sun sa su zama manufa don fitilun birki. Ƙaƙƙarfan kunshin EMC yana tabbatar da juriya ga ɗanɗano, yanayin zafi, da fallashin UV daga hasken rana, yana kiyaye aiki da launi a tsawon rayuwar motar. Kyakkyawan ƙirar zafi na gidan CHMSL ya zama dole don kawar da zafi daga LED ɗin lokacin da aka haskaka su na tsawon lokaci.

12. Gabatarwar ka'idar aiki

Samar da hasken fari yana amfani da ka'idar LED ɗin fari da aka canza phosphor (pc-LED). Guntun kati na semiconductor da aka yi da kayan kamar indium gallium nitride (InGaN) yana fitar da hasken shuɗi lokacin da aka yi masa bambanci. Wannan hasken shuɗi yana ɗauke da wani ɓangare na ɗanɗano na yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG:Ce) phosphor wanda ke rufe guntun. Phosphor yana rage saukar da manyan photons shuɗi zuwa ƙananan photons a cikin faffadan bakan a yankin rawaya. Haɗuwar sauran hasken shuɗi da hasken rawaya da aka fitar idon ɗan adam yana ganin shi azaman hasken fari. Daidaitaccen yanayin launi mai alaƙa (CCT) na hasken fari (misali, 5700K sanyi fari) an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar rabo na shuɗi zuwa hasken rawaya, wanda ke sarrafa ta hanyar abun da ke ciki na phosphor da kauri.

13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

Wannan samfurin yana cikin ci gaba da juyin halitta na fasahar LED don hasken mota. Manyan abubuwan da ke tasiri wannan bangare sun haɗa da:

• Ƙara inganci (lm/W):Ci gaba da haɓaka a cikin chip epitaxy, ingancin phosphor, da ƙirar kunshin suna haifar da mafi girma fitowar lumen kowace watt, yana rage amfani da wutar lantarki da kayan aikin zafi.
• Ƙananan ƙira:Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙafar 3.0 x 1.4 mm yana ba da damar ƙira mai santsi, ƙarin haɗakar ƙirar haske. Har ma ana fitowar ƙananan fakitoci don wasu aikace-aikace.
• Ingantaccen ingancin launi da daidaito:Ci gaba a fasahar phosphor da matsanancin tsarin binning suna ba da damar mafi daidaitaccen da kuma tsayayyen wuraren fari, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga tsararrun LED masu yawa inda daidaitawar launi ke da mahimmanci.
• Hasken Wayo da Haɗin ADAS:LED suna zama abubuwan haɗin gwiwa don tsarin fitila na gaba masu daidaitawa (AFS) da sadarwa ta hanyar haske (Li-Fi ko sadarwar haske da ake iya gani). Ƙarfin saurin canzawa na LED shine maɓalli a nan.
• Kimiyyar Kayan:Amfani da EMC da sauran haɗaɗɗen kayan gyare-gyare sama da robobi na al'ada wani yanayi ne da aka motsa ta hanyar buƙatar mafi girman inganci a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, wanda aka nuna kai tsaye a cikin cikakkun bayanai na wannan samfurin.

Wannan LED yana wakiltar cikakkiyar, abin dogaro, kuma babban ɓangaren aiki wanda ya dace da waɗannan buƙatun masana'antu, musamman ga ƙaƙƙarfan kasuwar mota.